穴位激光照射的剂量和机理初探

穴位激光照射疗法是一种通过低强度激光束直接照射穴位的治疗方法,具有针灸作用。阐述了激光照射机体穴位在临床应用的本质,并对其使用的光剂量和作用机理做了初步讨论和分析。     

激光对DNA的作用

简述了激光对DNA的作用。介绍了与激光辐照导致DNA链断裂、光产物形成及其分子机理、激光损伤与突变的关系以及高能脉冲激光和双光子作用有关的一些研究结果。     

激光针灸治疗仪器的研究历史与现状

我国针灸的历史源远流长,从古代的"砭石"为针,到金属针.到近几十年来的梅花针、电针、水针等,针灸器具也在不断的发展.随着激光技术的成熟与发展,产生了激光针,且激光穴位照射已经广泛应用于生物医学领域.本文综述了针灸器具的发展历史,介绍了激光针灸的作用机理及优点,激光针灸治疗仪器的发展过程及其研究现状、存在的问题,并对其发展进行了展望.     

激光针灸治疗机理探讨

给出激光照射对组织热和机械作用微观机制,利用热平衡理论和电磁理论对激光热作用进行定量分析和计算,在此基础上探讨激光针灸作用机理。     

藻红蛋白亚基光敏剂对小鼠移植瘤作用的超微结构研究

目的：从形态学角度探讨藻红蛋白(R-PE)β亚基光动力学抗肿瘤效果及其作用机理。方法：用不同密度的波长为496nm的氩离子激光对S180小鼠移植瘤进行β亚基光动力学治疗,并对治疗后的瘤体进行透射电镜的形态学观察。结果：用100μg／m1的β亚基,在200J/cm2激光照射剂量条件下治愈了瘤体直径为0．5cm-0．7cm大小的小鼠移植瘤,发现瘤组织中引起细胞死亡的途经有差异,被PDT抑制的肿瘤内部细胞表现出典型的凋亡细胞特征。结论：R-PE β亚基具较强的光动力学抗肿瘤效果,光动力治疗机理可能涉及肿瘤内部细胞死亡主要是凋亡途径而瘤周为坏死,且与血管系统破坏及白细胞参与的抗炎症反应相关。     

光动力疗法治疗金黄地鼠创伤性口腔溃疡的实验研究

目的:探讨以亚甲基蓝为光敏剂的光动力疗法对金黄地鼠创伤性口腔溃疡的治疗效果。方法:金黄地鼠随机分成4组:空白对照组、光敏剂组、激光组、光动力组。取直径5 mm的金属棒,加热后置于金黄地鼠颊粘膜上5 s,肉眼可见形成直径约为5 mm的溃疡模型;按分组给予不同处理后,在6小时、24小时、5天、7天,处死制备病理切片,经HE、MASSON染色定性观察中性粒细胞数量、再生上皮、成纤维细胞、新生血管和胶原纤维情况。结果:模型建立24小时后,肉眼及组织病理学观察可见金黄地鼠口腔溃疡模型建立成功。在治疗24小时后,光动力治疗组的中性粒细胞数量与其他组相比显著增高(P0.01)。治疗后第五天和第七天,新生的血管和胶原纤维情况光动力组明显优于空白对照组和光敏剂组(P0.01),也多于激光组(P0.05),上皮再生情况激光组优于空白对照组和光敏剂组(P0.01),光动力组上皮再生也优于空白对照组和光敏剂组(P0.05)。成纤维细胞数量各组间无明显差异。结论:光动力疗法可加快口腔溃疡的愈合。     

激光辐照血液疗法和激光磁化血液疗法

简要回顾光辐照血液疗法的发展和类型以及激光磁化血液疗法的兴起。概述光、激光和磁场对血液的生物效应,初步探讨激光磁化血液疗法可能的作用机制。最后进行了多种光辐照血液疗法的初步对比。     

高等植物光合作用的光抑制研究进展

光抑制是目前高等植物光合作用研究中的热点,近此年来无论是对其本质的认识,还是机理研究都已取得很进展。本文首先简要回顾了光抑制研究发展的历程,阐明现代光抑制理论包括耗散过剩光能的光保持机制运转和过剩光能对光合机构的破坏两个方面。然后,应叶黄素循环、Ｍｅｈｌｅｒ反应、光呼吸、ＬＨＣⅡ磷酸化、ＰＳⅡ光化学活性下降以及由类胡罗卜素、Ｃｙｔｂ－５５９参与的一些主要光保护机制作了综述,着重论述了其作用机理及研     

高等植物光合作用的光抑制研究进展

光抑制是目前高等植物光合作用研究中的热点,近些年来无论是对其本质的认识,还是机理研究都已取得很大进展。本文首先简要回顾了光抑制研究发展的历程,阐明现代光抑制理论包括耗散过剩光能的光保持机制运转和过剩光能对光合机构的破坏两个方面。然后,就叶黄素循环、Mehler反应、光呼吸、LHCII磷酸化、PSII光化学活性下降以及由类胡罗卜素、Cytb 559参与的一些主要光保护机制作了综述,着重论述了其作用机理及研究进展。最后,就现阶段光破坏原初作用位点的认识及光破坏机理的最新研究成果作了总结。     

激光针灸机理研究

本文以传统针灸的医疗事实为基础,遵循环“电通路段说”,着重从电的角度对激光针灸的作用机理进行了定性与定量的分析研究。     

激光医疗的进展：低功率激光治疗在中国

激光医学尤其是低功率激光治疗在中国已成为发展极为迅速的领域之一。低功率激光照射的光生物效应与传统中医针刺穴位经络相结合在中国低功率激光治疗中开辟了广阔的领域,並已广泛应用于临床各专科如内科、皮肤科、眼科、耳鼻喉科、口腔科、妇产科、整形外科、激光针灸及兽医学,成功地治疗了数百种疾病,效果显著。作者近10年来已成功应用激光穴位麻醉拔牙与施行面部整容小手术。1985～1990年以来开创了激光美容外科。低功率激光治疗已被证实在保证激光美容效果的重要性。     

激光针灸对穴位组织温度和血流灌注率的影响

本文在Pennes方程的基础上研究了激光针灸治疗对穴位组织的温度和血流灌注率的影响。结果显示,连续激光与脉冲激光针灸都能使穴位组织的温度和血流灌注率升高,随着激光的功率密度升高则穴位组织的温度和血流灌注率亦升高。通过这些研究为激光针灸的临床实际应用提供了理论基础。     

光子中医信息疗法

本文简述了弱激光血疗的机理及其发展过程,并在此基础上详细阐述了我们自己提出的光子中医信息疗法。该疗法根据中医辨证施治的原则,选用经中医信息调制的半导体激光束照射患者口咽部（或鼻腔）和与疾病关联的穴位,综合激光血疗、激光针疗和激光理疗,可引发多种激光生物效应,启动人体生理功能的整体调节机制,逐渐改善和恢复生理功能。除此之外,我们还设计研制了相应的治疗仪器。     

The Brain Effects of Laser Acupuncture in Healthy Individuals: An fMRI Investigation

Background

As laser acupuncture is being increasingly used to treat mental disorders, we sought to determine whether it has a biologically plausible effect by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the cerebral activation patterns from laser stimulation of relevant acupoints.

Methodology/Principal Findings

Ten healthy subjects were randomly stimulated with a fibreoptic infrared laser on 4 acupoints (LR14, CV14, LR8 and HT7) used for depression following the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and 1 control non-acupoint (sham point) in a blocked design (alternating verum laser and placebo laser/rest blocks), while the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI response was recorded from the whole brain on a 3T scanner. Many of the acupoint laser stimulation conditions resulted in different patterns of neural activity. Regions with significantly increased activation included the limbic cortex (cingulate) and the frontal lobe (middle and superior frontal gyrus). Laser acupuncture tended to be associated with ipsilateral brain activation and contralateral deactivation that therefore cannot be simply attributed to somatosensory stimulation.

Conclusions/Significance

We found that laser stimulation of acupoints lead to activation of frontal-limbic-striatal brain regions, with the pattern of neural activity somewhat different for each acupuncture point. This is the first study to investigate laser acupuncture on a group of acupoints useful in the management of depression. Differing activity patterns depending on the acupoint site were demonstrated, suggesting that neurological effects vary with the site of stimulation. The mechanisms of activation and deactivation and their effects on depression warrant further investigation.     

Cerebral near infrared spectroscopy and acupuncture--results of a pilot study]

For the first time, we have studied the effects of manual acupuncture and of laser puncture on cerebral oxygenation in three healthy male volunteers using transcranial near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRO 300, Hamamatsu Photonics, Japan). The results indicate that acupuncture of specific acupuncture points leads to an increase in oxygenated haemoglobin and in the tissue oxygenation index. However, needling and laser puncture at placebo points does not produce the same effect on cerebral oxygenation. This fact provides further proof of specific quantifiable effects of acupuncture on the brain.     

Influence of laser needle-knife on PI-3K,AKT and VEGF mRNA expression in cervical spondylotic arteriopathy model rabbits

Objective

To determine the effect of laser needle-knife on PI-3K, AKT and VEGF mRNA expression of vertebral arteries in a rabbit model of cervical spondylotic arteriopathy (CSA) and the mechanism of action involved.

Laser Acupuncture Therapy in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Temporomandibular Disorders

Objective

To investigate the clinical effects of laser acupuncture therapy for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) after ineffective previous treatments.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted in 29 treatment-resistant TMD patients (25 women, 4 men; age range, 17–67 years). Subjects were treated 3 times per week for 4 weeks with the Handylaser Trion (GaAlAs laser diode, 810 nm, 150 mW, pulsed waves), which delivered 0.375 J of energy (5 s) to ST7, ST6, and LI4 and 3 J (40 s) to each Ashi point, 7.5–26.25 J/cm² in total. The visual analog scale (VAS) and maximal mouth opening (MMO) were evaluated before and after treatment.

Results

VAS analysis showed that the patients were free of pain at rest (endpoint) after 5.90±6.08 sessions of laser acupuncture for acute TMD and after 16.21±17.98 sessions for chronic TMD. The VAS score on palpation of the temporomandibular joint reduced to 0.30±0.67 for patients with acute TMD (p = 0.005) and to 0.47±0.84 for those with chronic TMD (p<0.001). The MMO significantly increased in patients with acute TMD (7.80±5.43 mm, p = 0.008) and in patients with chronic TMD (15.58±7.87 mm, p<0.001).

Conclusions

Our study shows that laser acupuncture therapy improves the symptoms of treatment-resistant TMD. Further studies with a more appropriate design, involving long-term follow-up examinations in a larger patient sample, are needed to evaluate its efficacy.     

The optimized acupuncture treatment for neck pain caused by cervical spondylosis: a study protocol of a multicentre randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Neck pain is one of the chief complains of patients with cervical spondylosis (CS). Both in China and worldwide, acupuncture is a well-accepted and widely used complementary therapy for the management of neck pain caused by CS. In this paper, we present a protocol designed for a multi-centre, randomised, controlled trial to evaluate the effects of optimised acupuncture treatment for CS neck pain. The study aims to evaluate the effects of the optimised acupuncture treatment in real practice compared with sham and shallow acupuncture therapy. Methods/design This trial uses a multicentre, three-group, randomised, sham acupuncture and shallow acupuncture, controlled single-blind design. Nine hospitals are involved as trial centres. The sample size is calculated based on the formula for a three-group parallel design with a 0.05 significance level and a power of 0.9. A total of 105 cases in a single centre, and a total of 315 cases per each arm are required across all 9 centres. Patients who meet inclusion criteria are randomly assigned to receive optimised acupuncture treatment, sham acupuncture or shallow acupuncture by a computerised central randomisation system. The interventions last for 4 weeks with 8 to 10 treatments. The group allocations and interventions are concealed to patients and statisticians. The Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) is used as the primary outcome measure, and the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and The Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36) are applied as secondary outcome measures. The evaluation is performed at baseline, at the end of the intervention, and at the end of the first month and the third month during follow-up. The statistical analyses will include baseline data comparison and repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) for primary and secondary outcomes of group and time differences. Adverse events (AEs) will be reported if they occur. DISCUSSION: This trial is a multicentre randomised control trial (RCT) on the efficacy of acupuncture for CS neck pain and has a large sample size and central randomisation in China. It will strictly follow the CONSORT statement and STRICTA extension guideline to report high-quality study results. By setting the control groups as sham and shallow acupuncture, this study attempts to reveal the effects of real acupuncture versus placebo or non-classic acupuncture therapy and evaluate whether classic Chinese medical acupuncture is effective on CS neck pain. This study will provide evidence for the effects of acupuncture on CS neck pain. Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-TRC-00000184.