几种非雀形目鸟卵记述

四川农业大学动物标本室先后收集了鸡形目雉科鸟类的卵４０枚,雁形目鸿雁的卵２枚,鹃形目鹰鹃的卵１枚。鉴于有关非雀形目鸟卵方面的资料以往报道较少,特进行整理,为进一步研究鸟类生态生物学参考。同时,也为雉类的保护提供科学依据。１－四川山鹧鸪Ａｒｂｏｒｏｐｈｉｌａｒｕｆｉｐｅｃｔｕｓ１９８９年６月５日在马边县黄莲山获得３卵。呈纯白色;３卵平均重２３－５（２３—２４）ｇ;大小为４３－５７（４３—４４－２）×３１－７３（３１－４—３２）ｍｍ。２－血雉Ｉｔｈａｇｉｎｉｓｃｒｕｅｎｔｕｓ１９７９年１月２２日在成…     

大嘴乌鸦繁殖生态的初步研究

本文为大嘴乌鸦繁殖生态的研究报告。研究内容主要有大嘴乌鸦的栖息生境。数量统计，繁殖习性。观察得知大嘴乌鸦５月上旬产卵，窝卵数３－６枚，大小平均３４．９×３６．９毫米，卵重平均１５．３克，孵化期１５－１６．５天，育雏期２７－３１天。     

细胞内外钙离子浓度对鲎腹神经感光器光适应的影响

用细胞内记录的方法研究了由微弱持续光刺激（６×１０＾６￣９×１０＾６光子／ｃｍ＾２,１０ｓ引起鲎（Ｌｉｍｌｕｓ ｐｏｌｙｐｈｅｍｕｓ）腹神经光器膜电流的变化－－光碰击。结果表明,在生理盐水（１０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＣａ＾２＋）中光碰击的平均面积为（３９．５±１．７６）ｐＣ,微弱光适应（记录前２．５ｓ加１次光闪,９×１０＾９光子／ｃｍ＾２）使得光碰击的面积下降至（１０．５±２．２９）ｐＣ（ｎ＝４）。在低钙溶     

家蚕后部丝腺GPT的分离纯化与动力学性质

本文用丝腺匀浆抽提液经硫酸铵分级沉淀、ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素柱层析和羟基磷灰石柱层析等步骤分离纯化了家蚕后部丝腺谷丙转氨酶（ＥＣ２．６．１．２,ＧＰＴ）,并研究了它的动力学性质。该酶由两种不同亚基组成,分子量分别是５４０００和２１０００;对丙酮酸、α－酮戊二酸、Ｌ－丙氨酸和Ｌ－谷氨酸的Ｋｍ值分别是２．５×１０－４、４．２×１０－４、９．６×１０－３和１２．５×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ;最适温度５０℃,最适ｐＨ８．５;Ｋ＋、Ｍｇ２＋和Ｃａ２＋等离子对酶有激活作用,Ｎａ＋、Ｍｎ２＋、Ｃｕ２＋和Ｚｎ３＋等离子对酶有抑制作用;酶的活性中心含有巯基或咪唑基。     

Hg~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)对沼泽红假单胞菌生长及净化氮、磷能力的影响

研究了在培养基中分别添加不同浓度的重金属离子时Ｈｇ２＋、Ｐｂ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋和Ｃｕ２＋作为人工配制的污水对光合细菌沼泽红假单胞菌生长与净化ＰＯ４－Ｐ和ＮＨ４－Ｎ能力的影响。实验结果表明:当培养基中Ｈｇ２＋的浓度达到２×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１,该菌生长趋势开始减慢;当增至４×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时,生长完全被抑制。Ｃｕ２＋的浓度达到１×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１,该菌生长趋势也开始减慢;当增至８×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时生长完全被抑制。Ｃｄ２＋的浓度达４×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时,其延缓期大大延长;增至１６×１０－５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时生长完全被抑制。培养基中Ｐｂ２+的浓度达到８×１０－４ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１时,对该菌生长并未产生影响。当培养基中重金属离子浓度未达到完全抑制其生长时,对其净化ＰＯ４－Ｐ和ＮＨ４－Ｎ能力的影响不显著。     

福建海产鱼类寄生吸虫二新种（ 吸虫纲：复殖目：隐殖科）

从福建沿海的鲈鱼肠道里查获双巢亚科的厦门双巢吸虫,新种Ｂｉｏｖａｒｉｕｍｘｉａｍｅｎｅｎｓｅｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,虫体大小２．５４～４．２０ｍｍ×０．３０～０．４０ｍｍ（２．９０３×０．３６９ｍｍ）,虫卵１８～２２μｍ×１０～１４μｍ（２０．４×１１μｍ）;从勒氏菌鲷的小肠里检获新隙亚科的厦门拟隐殖吸虫,新种Ｐａｒａｃｒｙｐｔｏｇｏｎｉｍｕｓｘｉａｍｅｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐｎｏｖ,虫体大小０．８００～０．１６７２ｍｍ×０．４８４～０．８４８ｍｍ（１．２４７×０．６８５ｍｍ）,虫卵１９～３０μｍ×１１～１４μｍ（２４×１２μｍ）,头棘５５枚。     

采集自贵州的两个稀有虫草

１９９４年６月采集自贵州梵净山和荔波茂兰保护区的虫草属真菌,中国新记录种－螳螂虫草（Ｃｏｒｄｙｃｅｐｓｍａｎｔｉｄａｅｃｏｌａｋｏｂ．ｅｔＳｈｉｍ．）和属于蛇形虫草亚属头状组的一新种－贵州虫草（ＣｏｒｄｙｃｅｐｓｇｕｉｚｈｏｕｅｎｓｉｓＬｉｕ,ＬｉａｎｇｅｔＬｉｕｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）贵州虫草寄生于刺蛾茧上,茧表面褐色,椭圆形,大小为４～６×５～９ｍｍ,在一个茧上可长１～２根子座,子座单生,不分枝,圆柱形     

蓝翡翠繁殖习性研究

蓝翡翠每年５月上、中旬迁来，５月下旬开始营巢，穴室呈球状，洞穴深：土坎型５９．２±１０．５３ｃｍ；岩崖型５２．７±８．５９ｃｍ。产卵高峰期６月上、中旬，每窝产卵３─５枚，卵椭圆形，卵重１２．４１ｇ，卵的量度３１．３２×２７．２２ｍｍ，抱孵性强，孵化期２０天，出雏率５０．０％。亲鸟共同育雏，育雏期１９天。食物种类，有害昆虫占５１．５％，河蟹、河虾、河鱼３４．１％，青蛙１２．１％，蜒３．０％。     

单宁酶的固定化及其在酯型儿茶素水解反应中的应用

采用自制的壳聚糖为载体对单宁酶（ＴＡ）固定化,ＴＡ与壳聚糖配比１：２．５,３０℃固定２ｈ,活力回收达２３．６％￣３３．１％;偶联效率为８４．９％￣８８．０％。固定化单宁酶（ＩＴＡ）的表观Ｋｍ值（以没食子酸丙酯为底物）为２２．２×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＴＡ的Ｋｍ值（以没食子酸丙酯为底物）为１０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＴＡ和ＩＴＡ的最适反应温度分别为４０℃和５０℃;６０℃处理１５ｍｉｎ,残存活性分别为     

洞庭平原黑线姬鼠繁殖特性研究

１９８６年１０月－１９９０年１０月在湖南省桃源县和汉寿县的稻作区逐月调查,夹捕黑线姬鼠长江亚种２７６８只,雌性占４５。６％。主要繁殖期３－１１月,研究期内的月平均怀孕率为４８．６±４．０％、平均胎仔数为５．３±０．２只。繁殖指数为２．３６±０．２９。以上３个参数及种群性性比有季节性变化,４－５月和７－１０月为２个妊娠高峰;雄性睾丸下位率和雌性怀孕率有同步变动的趋势。５年龄组之间,其性比、怀孕率和繁     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.