贵州早-中寒武世凯里组类似苔藓植物化石

贵州台江早-中寒武世凯里组保存大量的生物化石,它构成了寒武纪重要的生物群之一--凯里生物群.在凯里生物群中保存有丰富的碳质薄膜藻类化石,新发现类似苔藓植物化石(Parafunaria sinensis Yang(gen.et sp.nov)),它具有藓类植物所拥有的典型的叶状体轮生现象、孢朔、孢朔柄和复杂的根系特征.推测它是藓类植物祖先,它为进一步研究藓类植物和陆生高等植物的起源和演化提供了新的线索.     

英文贵州中寒武世凯里生物群中宏观藻类化石新材料(英文)

贵州省台江县中寒武世凯里生物群含有丰富的非钙质藻类和具有软躯体后生动物化石 ,它为布尔吉斯页岩型生物群在世界广泛分布提供了更有力的证据。在生物群的宏观藻类中描述了 5个属 5个种 ,包括 2个新属。它们是MarpoliaspissaWalcott、AcinocricusstichusConwayMorrisandRobison、UdotealgaerectaYang、EosargassumsawataYang和RhizophytonzhaoyuanlongiiYang ,并且将凯里生物群中的宏观藻类化石组合与加拿大布尔吉斯页岩生物群中的宏观藻类进行了对比 ,发现两个生物群不仅具有相似的动物化石组成 ,而且宏观藻类化石组成也很相似。     

黔东早—中寒武世凯里组疑源类组合及其界线意义

通过对台江八郎和丹寨两条剖面凯里组中疑源类化石的分析,研究,台江剖面产疑源类化石有17属35各（12未定种）,其中以Leiosphaeridia,Synsphareidium,Cymatiosphaera,Pterospermella最为丰富,可划分为3个组合,即Cymatiosphaera cf.cristata-Fimbriaglomerella memebrancea组合,Cristallinium-Micrhystridium-Pterospermella组合和Dictyotidium-Granomarginata组合,丹寨平寨剖面凯里组所产疑源类化石有：13属21种（5未定种）,同样划分为3个组合,即Leiosphaeridia-Tasmanites组合,Retisphaeridium-Micrhystridium tentatium组合和Baltisphaeridium-Bubomorpha hunjiangensis组合,本文对两条剖面中的凝源类化石的组成,相对含量做了详细的统计,发现在八郎剖面9－2层和平寨剖面3层疑源类的丰度,分异度开始发生明显的变化,表现由早寒武世向中寒武世疑源类组合面貌的转变,这一疑源类转变层位正好是与三叶虫划分的中,下寒武统界线的层位位置相一致,这充分表明疑源类化石可作为划分中,下寒武统的极有价值的微体生物化石证据。     

中国贵州东部乌溜-曾家崖剖面早—中寒武世凯里组疑源类(英文)

我国贵州东部乌溜-曾家崖凯里组剖面作为世界早-中寒武世界线层型侯选剖面,产出良好保存的大型无脊椎动物化石(尤其是三叶虫)。因此,更加详细研究该剖面海洋疑源类的生物地层非常重要,将提供围绕界线的生物和环境变化的细微记录。乌溜-曾家崖剖面凯里组的疑源类划分两个组合,它们是凯里组0-52m的Leiomarginata si mplex-Fi mbriaglomerella membranacea组合和52-140m的Cristallinium cambriense-Heliosphaeridiumnodosum-Globosphaeridiumcerinum组合。140-214m仅有很少疑源类标本,可能因为凯里组上部以白云岩为主,不适宜有机壁微体化石的保存。距凯里组底部往上约52m处疑源类组合出现重大变化,无疑为解释沉积环境提供重要资料。两疑源类组合间界线,位于52.3-52.7m,此稍低于被三叶虫Oryctocephalusindicus首现所指示的全球寒武系第5阶潜在层型剖面界线。     

贵州台江早、中寒武世凯里组的疑源类*

产凯里生物群的台江八郎剖面凯里组疑源类组合包含 18形态属 ,2 0形态种和 11未定种 ,疑源类化石以无明显附属突起的球形亚类和翼环亚类最多 ,网面和棘剌亚类次之 ,而梭形亚类和对弧亚类很少。具有明显装饰的疑源类类型Micrhystridium ,Retisphaeridium ,Goniophaeridium仅在第 9层、第 2 1— 2 4层出现。在与国内外同期疑源类对比的基础上 ,对下、中寒武统界线进行了划分 ,划分的界线与三叶虫划分的界线位置大体一致 ,并根据疑源类组合特征 ,对沉积环境进行探讨。     

贵州早、中寒武世斗篷海绵科(Choiidae)的发现

本文描述了贵州遵义下寒武统牛蹄塘组生物群和台江中寒武世凯里生物群中保存完整的斗篷海绵科(Choiidae)中斗篷海绵(Choia)和小斗篷海绵(Choiaella)化石标本,共计2属2种2未定种：Choia zunyiensis sp.nov.,Choia sp.,Choiaella avata sp.nov.和Choiaella sp.。Choia分布很广．在我国下寒武统澄江生物群及北美中寒武统的四大生物群中均有产出。Choiaella原仅产于我国澄江生物群,凯里生物群中Choiaella的发现使其时代上延至中寒武世。贵州早、中寒武世斗篷海绵科的发现及研究为海绵动物的早期演化及古地理学等方面的研究提供了重要的新材料。     

贵州台江早、中寒武世凯里组的腕足动物

描述贵州台江下、中寒武统凯里组的腕足动物化石６属１０种，其中包括１新种，２比较种和２未定种。该腕足动物组合带有波希米亚及哈萨克斯坦的色彩，对于我国寒武纪腕足动物的分类、演化、古生物地理研究及查清凯里动物群的组成、凯里组的时代，均有重要的意义。     

贵州台江早、中寒武世凯里组的遗迹化石

凯里组发现遗迹化石９属１４种，主要是以ＰｈｙｃｏｄｅｓｐｅｄｕｍＳｅｉｌａｃｈｅｒ为主的遗迹群落，重要的遗迹属如：Ｃｏｃｈｌｉｃｈｎｕｓ，Ｇｏｒｄｉａ，Ｍｏｎｏｍｏｒｐｈｉｃｈｎｕｓ，Ｏｌｄｈａｍｉａ，Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ，Ｔｒｅｐｔｉｃｈｎｕｓ等常见于世界各地寒武纪Ｃｒｕｚｉａｎａ遗迹相。根据遗迹化石表明凯里组沉积于盐份、含氧量正常，海水能量中等的浅海软基底潮下带环境。     

贵州台江中寒武世凯里动物群

贵州中寒武世凯里动物群由１０个以上门类化石组成，包括棘皮动物、水母状化石、蠕虫、海绵、软舌螺、三叶虫、腕足类、单板类、菌藻类、疑源类、一些分类不明的化石及遗迹化石。这一动物群形成于浅海陆棚环境，它是继我国已发现的、世界闻名的澄江动物群之后，在我国寒武系发现的另一个布尔吉斯页岩型动物群。     

贵州中寒武世凯里生物群中宏观藻类化石新材料

贵州省台江县中寒武世凯里生物群含有丰富的非钙质藻类和具有软躯体后生动物化石,它为布尔吉斯页岩型生物群在世界广泛分布提供了更有力的证据。在生物群的宏观藻类中描述了5个属5个种。包括2个新属,它们是Marpolia spissa Walcott、Acinocricus stichus Conway Morris and Robison、Udotealga erecta Yang、Eosargassum sawata Yang和Rhizophyton zhaoyuanlongii Yang,并且将凯里生物群中的宏观藻类进行了对比,发现两个生物群不仅具有相似的动物化石组成,而且宏观藻类化石组成也很相似。     

New Macroalgal Fossils from Middle Cambrian Kaili Biota in Guizhou Province,China (in English)

Abundant and well-preserved remains of noncalcareous algae and soft-bodied metazoans were collected from Middle Cambrian Kaili biota in Taijiang county, Guizhou Province, China. These remains provide further evidence for the wide geographic distribution of many Burgess Shale taxa. Among the algae, 5 genera (including two new genera) and 5 species are described. They are Marpolia spissa Walcott, Acinocricus stichus Conway Morris and Robison, Udotealga erecta Yang, Eosargassum sawata Yang, and Rhizophyton zhaoyuanlongii Yang. Contrasting the macroalgal fossil assemblage in the Kaili biota with one in the Burgess Shale biota, it is clear that similarity of the Kaili biota and the Burgess Shale biota is reflected by the same content of not only the soft-bodied metazoans, but also the noncalcareous algae.     

A new eocrinoid fauna (Cambrian Series 2) from Guizhou Province,South China

A new eocrinoid locality of the Balang Formation (Cambrian Series 2) near Kaili City is reported. The fauna is associated with index trilobites, such as Redlichia (Pteroredlichia) murakamii Resser and Endo in Kobayashi, 1935 and Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron, 1899, that are common in the Balang Biota (Cambrian Series 2) but absent in the younger Kaili Biota (Cambrian Series 3). This new locality contains a new eocrinoid fauna (n = 22) that is different from Guizhoueocrinus yui Zhao, Parsley and Peng, 2007a in bearing a smaller theca, a shorter stalk, and a robust attachment disk; thus, a taxon Globoeocrinus zhaoyuanlongensis n. sp. is proposed.     

Reassessment of the mode of life of Pagetia Walcott, 1916 (Trilobita: Eodiscidae) based on a cluster of intact exuviae from the Kaili Formation (Cambrian) of Guizhou, China

Pagetia is the most abundant trilobite in the Kaili Formation (lower to middle Cambrian). During the course of studying the museum collections of Kaili trilobites ( n  > 1000), a cluster containing 22 pagetiid individuals at various growth stages is noted. Specimens record the growth range from the degree 0 meraspid to late holaspid phases. Based on the relative completeness of the moults except for missing free cheeks, these specimens are interpreted as intact exuviae that had undergone minimal transport prior to burial. If Kaili pagetiids had pelagic or planktonic living habits as previously suggested, it would be difficult to explain the presence of intact exuviae in clusters. Therefore, Kaili pagetiids are interpreted here as having a benthic mode of life after the onset of the meraspid phase.     

贵州寒武纪杷榔组古蠕虫类埋藏特征及意义*

贵州剑河寒武纪杷榔组辣子寨剖面含有丰度较高的古蠕虫类化石。化石鉴定为Wronascolex geyiensis, 主要保存在三个层位。在对三个层位的岩石、沉积特征、化石成因及埋藏特征探讨分析后, 证实W. geyiensis化石保存于快速的沉积事件导致的浊流沉积层内, 而化石埋藏的完美程度受到成岩过程中埋藏位置、沉积物中矿物结晶和充填方式的影响, 这些后期的成岩、成矿作用对先期形成的化石精细结构产生了直接和间接的破坏作用。本文通过对W. geyiensis化石体上黏土矿物、草莓状黄铁矿、自形–半自形黄铁矿的成因分析后, 获得最适合保存软躯体化石的环境应该为缺氧且生物体与孔隙水中的硫酸盐无接触的原地和近原地埋藏条件。     

A New Algal Fossil from Early Cambrian in Qingzhen County,Guizhou Province,China

A new algal fossil was collected from the lower part of the Lower Cambrian, a Sinian-Cambrian boundary section in Abazhai of Qingzhen County, Guizhou Province. It was discovered in petrographic thin sections of a black laminated chert. The new fossil, Symphysosphaera radialis gen. et sp. nov. is a fossilized muhicellular colony characterized by a surface layer of cells enclosed in an envelope, inner cavity permeated with dark dense mucilage embedded with numerous spherical units. Its difference from all morphs discovered in Precambrian, indicates that the genus may represent member of a new order at the beginning of Cambrian. hs stratigraphic and biological significance merits our attantion.     

Fossil coniferous wood from the Middle Jurassic of Liaoning Province, China

Silicified coniferous wood was collected from the Lanqi Formation (late Middle Jurassic in age) at Shebudaigou Village, Liaoning Province, China. Three taxa are identified, namely Pinoxylon dacotense Knowlton, Xenoxylon phyllocladoides Gothan, and Araucariopitys sp. Based on these new data, and those of other fossil plants reported previously from the same formation, we consider the climate during the deposition of the Lanqi Formation was subtropical, humid and seasonal. In this respect the Lanqi flora differs from the coeval Shimengou and Longmen floras from North China. The Longmen flora was deposited during more humid, subtropical conditions, while the Shimengou Formation indicates that the climate was warm temperate and dry. Our data would suggest that the Late Jurassic climatic pattern was initiated as early as the late Middle Jurassic.     

贵州凯里药市的侗族药用植物

凯里药市最初由当地少数民族自发组织,药市中不仅有大量的苗族传统药用植物,而且侗族传统药用植物十分丰富,为了掌握该药市侗族药用植物的现状,该研究运用民族植物学和植物分类学等方法于2014—2017年对凯里药市交易的侗族药用植物进行了6次详细调查。结果表明:该药市出售的侗族药用植物种类较多,共有65科100属111种,其中以广义百合科(Liliaceae)植物(6种,5.4%)为主,其次为伞形科(Umbelliferae)、菊科(Compositae)、天南星科(Araceae)植物(各5种,各占4.5%),再次为苦苣苔科(Gesneriaceae)植物(4种,3.6%)。从植物生活型来看,草本占有绝对优势,共有88种,占79.3%;用药部位具有多样化,但全草类药材占总数的一半。该研究还对药市中侗族和苗族交易的药用植物进行了比较分析,得出凯里药市交易的侗族药材具有独特的地域性和民族性,尤以治疗风湿关节、跌打损伤等常见疾病为主,并对凯里药市的可持续发展提出了建议。