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1.
Eleven microsatellite loci have been developed from Fagus longipetiolata and the loci were characterized for 21 individuals. All eleven loci were polymorphic, with 2–8 alleles and an average of
4.8 per locus. The observed (H
O) and expected (H
E) heterozygosities were 0.053–0.714 and 0.355–0.856, respectively. There was significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium
at two loci. No locus pair had significant linkage disequilibrium. Cross-species amplifications of the markers were also tested
in three other congeneric species. 相似文献
2.
Woo-Jin Kim Young-Ok Kim Bo-Hye Nam Hee Jeong Kong Eun-Mi Park Jung-Ha Kang Jeong-Ho Lee Kyung-Kil Kim 《Conservation Genetics》2009,10(4):1105-1111
Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) can be used to identify microsatellite markers. We developed 81 polymorphic microsatellite
markers from 4,940 ESTs of the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Out of 100 EST-derived microsatellites for which PCR primers were designed, 81 loci were polymorphic in 30 individuals from
a single natural population with 2–28 (mean 10.6) alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities of these loci
were 0.033–1.000 and 0.033–0.965, respectively. Segregation analysis within a mapping family revealed non-amplifying null
alleles at five loci. These new EST-derived microsatellite markers should be useful for population genetic analyses, pedigree
tracing and constructing a linkage map for olive flounder. 相似文献
3.
María Calero-Riestra Fernando Alda Jose Antonio Dávila Jesús T. García 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2012,58(1):379-383
New microsatellite loci for Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris were isolated from a genomic library. We were able to unambiguously score six loci: two were dinucleotide, one trinucleotide,
two tetranucleotide and one pentanucleotide that turned out to be sex-linked. Four out of six loci were polymorphic with 7–23
alleles in our population and an observed heterozygosity ranging between 0.286 and 0.936. Cross-utility of these markers was
tested in other 17 steppe-bird species of six families. In addition, 16 microsatellite loci developed for other species were
tested for cross-species amplification in A. campestris. Eight microsatellite markers were successfully amplified; seven of them were polymorphic with 2–43 alleles and an observed
heterozygosity of 0.040–0.863. Overall, 14 functional locus markers have been characterized for A. campestris that could be useful for future studies of paternity, genetic variability and population structure. 相似文献
4.
Chi-Hang Chan Yudi Zhao Mei-Yan Cheung Geoffrey K. Chambers 《Conservation Genetics》2008,9(4):1067-1070
The kakerori (Pomarea dimidiata) is an endangered forest bird in the Cook Islands, South Pacific. We have developed 10 microsatellite markers using kakerori
feathers as the DNA source. Seven of these loci were found to be polymorphic in 42 individuals examined. The number of alleles
per locus in the polymorphic loci varied from 3 to 5. Observed and expected heterozygosity ranges were 0.57–0.74 and 0.50–0.74,
respectively. All loci isolated conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations. We believe these loci will be useful
in studying kakerori conservation genetics, and our success in developing microsatellite markers from feather samples will
encourage the use of less invasive sample sources in microsatellite isolation studies. 相似文献
5.
Madjid Delghandi Jørgen Stenvik Frank Nilsen Mette Serine Wesmajervi Kjersti Turid Fjalestad Børge Damsgård 《Conservation Genetics》2008,9(3):747-749
Nine polymorphic microsatellite markers were identified by screening of 2464 ESTs derived from a cDNA library of Atlantic
cod (Gadus morhua L.). About 35 novel microsatellite loci were selected and characterised in 96 individual cod. Nine markers were successfully
amplified with number of alleles from 3 to 18 per locus and the average heterozygosity was 0.57 in the panel examined (range
0.29–0.86). All loci followed the Hardy–Weinberg expectation and no significant linkage disequilibrium was found in a test
including all pairwise combinations. The gene identity was determined at four of the loci, confirming the associated microsatellites
as Type I markers. 相似文献
6.
Small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) is an important economic species of marine fishery. We developed and evaluated simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from
expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of Pseudosciaena crocea, Paralichthys olivaceus and Psetta maxima. Characteristics of nine EST–SSR loci were investigated using 46 L. polyactis individuals. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 6. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.0652 to 0.7391,
while the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.0638 to 0.7754. Seven loci departed from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.01) significantly. These loci and markers will be useful for population genetics and systemic evolution among species
of small yellow croaker. 相似文献
7.
Ulloa M Meredith WR Shappley ZW Kahler AL 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,104(2-3):200-208
An RFLP genetic linkage joinmap was constructed from four different mapping populations of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Genetic maps from two of the four populations have been previously reported. The third genetic map was constructed from
199 bulk-sampled plots of an F2.3 (HQ95–6×’MD51ne’) population. The map comprises 83 loci mapped to 24 linkage groups with an average distance between markers
of 10.0 centiMorgan (cM), covering 830.1 cM or approximately 18% of the genome. The fourth genetic map was developed from
155 bulk-sampled plots of an F2.3 (119– 5 sub-okra×’MD51ne’) population. This map comprises 56 loci mapped to 16 linkage groups with an average distance between
markers of 9.3 cM, covering 520.4 cM or approximately 11% of the cotton genome. A core of 104 cDNA probes was shared between
populations, yielding 111 RFLP loci. The constructed genetic linkage joinmap from the above four populations comprises 284
loci mapped to 47 linkage groups with the average distance between markers of 5.3 cM, covering 1,502.6 cM or approximately
31% of the total recombinational length of the cotton genome. The linkage groups contained from 2 to 54 loci each and ranged
in distance from 1.0 to 142.6 cM. The joinmap provided further knowledge of competitive chromosome arrangement, parental relationships,
gene order, and increased the potential to map genes for the improvement of the cotton crop. This is the first genetic linkage
joinmap assembled in G. hirsutum with a core of RFLP markers assayed on different genetic backgrounds of cotton populations (Acala, Delta, and Texas plain).
Research is ongoing for the identification of quantitative trait loci for agronomic, physiological and fiber quality traits
on these maps, and the identification of RFLP loci lineage for G. hirsutum from its diploid progenitors (the A and D genomes).
Received: 23 February 2001 / Accepted: 8 June 2001 相似文献
8.
A total of 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed and characterized for a Chinese medicinal plant, Epimedium brevicornum (Berberidaceae). A genomic DNA enrichment protocol was used to isolate microsatellite loci and polymorphism was explored
using 38 individuals from one natural population. The observed number of alleles ranged from 2–14. The ranges of observed
and expected heterozygosity were 0.00–0.83 and 0.15–0.88, respectively. In addition, successful cross-species amplification
of this set of microsatellite markers in other four medicinal Epimedium species suggested that they would provide a useful tool for the genetic and conservation studies of Epimedium species. 相似文献
9.
Jon-Ivar Westgaard Tekle Tafese Mette Serine Wesmajervi Jørgen Stenvik Kjersti Turid Fjalestad Børge Damsgård Madjid Delghandi 《Conservation Genetics》2007,8(3):749-751
A total of 13 polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) from a repeat-enriched library. Polymorphism of each locus was assessed in 96 unrelated individuals from a natural population.
The number of alleles per locus varied from 8 to 45. The ranges of observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.122–0.907 and
0.673–0.965, respectively. Four of the loci (Gmo-G24, Gmo-G40, Gmo-G46 and Gmo-G49) followed Hardy–Weinberg expectation. No evidence for linkage disequilibrium between pairs of loci was found in any combination
of loci pairs, except between Gmo-G40 and Gmo-G43. These microsatellite markers provide useful tools for studies of population genetics, reproductive ecology and for constructing
linkage maps of Atlantic cod.
Jon-Ivar Westgaard and Tekle Tafese have contributed equally to the work. 相似文献
10.
Chromosomal regions associated with marker segregation distortion in rice were compared based on six molecular linkage maps.
Mapping populations were derived from one interspecific backcross and five intersubspecific (indica / japonica) crosses, including two F2 populations, two doubled haploid (DH) populations, and one recombinant inbred (RI) population. Mapping data for each population
consisted of 129–629 markers. Segregation distortion was determined based on chi-square analysis (P < 0.01) and was observed at 6.8–31.8% of the mapped marker loci. Marker loci associated with skewed allele frequencies were
distributed on all 12 chromosomes. Distortion in eight chromosomal regions bracketed previously identified gametophyte (ga) or sterility genes (S). Distortion in three other chromosomal regions was found only in DH populations, where japonica alleles were over-represented, suggesting that loci in these regions may be associated with preferential regeneration of
japonica genotypes during anther culture. Three additional clusters of skewed markers were observed in more than one population in
regions where no gametophytic or sterility loci have previously been reported. A total of 17 segregation distortion loci may
be postulated based on this study and their locations in the rice genome were estimated.
Received: 31 May 1996 / Accepted: 30 September 1996 相似文献
11.
We report on the isolation and characterization of eight microsatellite markers in the Hainan Eld’s deer (Cervus eldi hainanus) from genomic DNA-enriched libraries. Thirty-three microsatellites were screened from the libraries, and 8 of the screened
microsatellites were polymorphic. The number of observed alleles for each locus in 47 individuals ranged from 2 to 9, and
the expected and observed heterozygosity was 0.141–0.792 and 0.128–0.957, respectively. Three loci (CEH-2, CEH-6 and CEH-8)
of eight deviated from Hardy-Weinberg expectation and no significant linkage association was found among all these loci. These
microsatellite markers provide useful tool for population genetic studies of the Eld’s deer. 相似文献
12.
Alejandro P. Rooney Rodney L. Honeycutt Scott K. Davis James N. Derr 《Journal of molecular evolution》1999,49(5):682-690
A size-selected Balaena mysticetus genomic library was screened for clones containing simple sequence repeat, or microsatellite, loci. A total of 11 novel loci
was identified. These loci were combined with a set of 9 published loci, for a total of 20 markers, and were scored across
a sample of 108 bowhead whales from the Bering–Chukchi–Beaufort Seas population of bowhead whales. Genetic variability was
measured in terms of polymorphism information content values and unbiased heterozygosity. From the latter, estimates of long-term
effective population size were obtained. In addition, gametic phase disequilibrium among loci was investigated. Moderate to
high levels of polymorphism were found overall, and the long-term effective size estimates were large relative to total population
size. Tests of heterozygosity excess (Cornuet and Luikart 1996) and allele frequency distribution (Luikart et al. 1998) indicated
that the possibility of a recent genetic bottleneck in the Bering–Chukchi–Beaufort Seas population of bowhead whales is highly
unlikely. However, the fact that five loci displayed a statistically significant heterozygote deficiency remains to be explained.
Received: 3 November 1998 / Accepted: 28 April 1999 相似文献
13.
We report on the isolation and characterization of nine microsatellite markers in the takin (Budorcas taxicolor) from genomic DNA-enriched libraries. Twenty-eight microsatellites were screened from the libraries, and nine of the screened
microsatellites were polymorphic. The number of observed alleles for each locus in 28 individuals ranged from two to seven,
and the expected and observed heterozygosity was 0.105–0.758 and 0.071–0.821, respectively. Four loci (TK01, TK02, TK04 and
TK08) of nine deviated from Hardy-Weinberg expectation and no significant linkage association was found among all these loci.
These microsatellite markers provide useful tool for population genetic studies of the takin. 相似文献
14.
Twenty-two polymorphic microsatellites were isolated from the noble scallop, Chlamys nobilis with a partial genomic library enriched for tandem repeat sequences of (CA)12 and (GA)12. Polymorphism of these loci was assessed in a sample of 32 unrelated individuals. The average allele number was 7.23 per
locus with a range of 3–19, and the observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.032–0.875 (averaging 0.452) and 0.315–0.939
(averaging 0.646), respectively. After Bonferroni correction (P > 0.0023), 11 of the 22 markers accorded with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and the rest showed significant departure from HWE.
Three pairs of loci showed significant linkage disequilibrium (P < 0.01). A poor transferability of these loci to other two cultured species, C. farreri and Patinopecten yessoensis was detected. These markers would be useful for studies of population genetics, linkage mapping and other relevant research
in C. nobilis. 相似文献
15.
Katherine P. Munkres Line K. Bay Dean R. Jerry Mark I. McCormick Lynne Van Herwerden 《Conservation Genetics》2007,8(4):987-990
Five new polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed for the coral reef damselfish Pomacentrus amboinensis. Twenty-four individuals from two Great Barrier Reef populations were genotyped at the five loci, with numbers of alleles
per locus ranging from 6–23 and observed heterozygosity between 0.42–0.92. In addition, the cross-species testing of six primers
developed for Stegastes partitus revealed one primer (SpGATA40) that was also polymorphic for P. amboinensis. Due to high levels of polymorphism (≥14 alleles) in at least four of the six loci and a high proportion of tetranucleotide
repeats, these microsatellite markers should be useful for parentage assignment as well as other investigations of individual
relatedness. 相似文献
16.
Cristaria plicata was an important freshwater mussel for pearl culture in China. 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized
using (CA)15-enriched genomic library of C. plicata. These loci showed high levels of genetic polymorphism testing on 60 individuals sampled from Poyang Lake of Jiangxi Province,
China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 18. The expected (H
E) and observed heterozygosities (H
O) were 0.7232–0.8961 and 0.0000–1.0000, respectively. Four microsatellite loci were significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg
equilibrium and no linkage disequilibrium was found. These microsatellite loci will be useful for assessment of genetic diversity
and population structure in C. plicata. 相似文献
17.
Robert Andrew King Sarah L. Harris Angela Karp Jacqueline H. A. Barker 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2010,6(2):247-258
We present nine polymorphic di- and tri-nucleotide repeat nuclear microsatellite markers selected specifically for their use
in high throughput studies concerning the dioecious allotetraploid Salix alba–Salix fragilis willow complex. These taxa and their hybrids are difficult to discriminate using morphological characters. Thus, multiplex
reactions were developed for these microsatellite loci and their effectiveness to distinguish individuals, especially hybrids,
and their inheritance patterns in controlled crosses were determined. All loci displayed disomic–monogenic inheritance which
allowed for the genotype data to be analysed as for a diploid organism. The nine loci produced a total of 67 alleles (mean,
7.4 alleles per locus; range, 3–11 alleles) in a reference panel of 57 individuals from two germplasm collections and natural
populations. Gene diversity values (as measured by the expected heterozygosity) ranged from 0.000–0.820. A total of 53 distinct
multilocus genotypes were observed, and ordination analysis revealed three separate clusters corresponding to S. alba, S. fragilis and hybrids. The microsatellite loci described here will be used in population genetic studies to investigate genetic variation,
gene flow, levels of hybridisation and the extent of introgression in natural populations of the S. alba–S. fragilis complex. They are also useful for clonal identification, conservation and sustainable management of germplasm collections,
genetic mapping and the selection of individuals and/or certification of controlled crosses for breeding programmes. 相似文献
18.
Charlotte Noyer Gemma Agell Marta Pascual Mikel A. Becerro 《Conservation Genetics》2009,10(6):1895-1898
The abundance of the bath sponge Spongia agaricina has decreased drastically in recent years and it is now considered an endangered species under Annex 3 of Bern and Barcelona
conventions. We describe eight microsatellite markers and present data on their allelic variation and utility as high resolution
genetic markers. We analyzed 36 individuals from two populations and found that the number of alleles per locus ranged between
1 and 7. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.72. We found deviations from Hardy–Weinberg expectations for some loci.
We exclusively detected null alleles for those loci that deviated from Hardy–Weinberg expectations. Also, distributions of
allele frequencies differed significantly between the two populations, making them suitable for population genetic analyses. 相似文献
19.
We developed 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers for an endangered shrub Ammopiptanthus mongolicus using the Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences Containing repeats protocol. Polymorphism of each locus was assessed in 24
individuals from five natural populations of A. mongolicus. The average allele number of these markers was 4.2, ranging from 2 to 7. The observed (H
O) and expected (H
E) heterozygosities were 0.044–0.956 and 0.044–0.827, respectively. Further assessment in the congeneric species A. nanus revealed that nine of eleven loci were successfully amplified, but only two loci showed polymorphism. These markers provide
powerful tools for the conservation genetics studies of A. mongolicus. 相似文献
20.
He-Min Zhang Yang Guo De-Sheng Li Peng-Yan Wang Sheng-Guo Fang 《Conservation Genetics》2009,10(3):589-592
Sixteen novel microsatellite DNA loci were developed from the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) using a magnetic-bead capture method. A total of 115 alleles were obtained for these markers, ranging from 4 to 12 alleles
per locus (average 7.188). These loci exhibited high levels of polymorphic information content and expected heterozygosity,
0.558–0.855 (average 0.729) and 0.628–0.885 (average 0.778), respectively. Therefore, the allelic polymorphism and heterozygosity
show that the giant pandas raised in China Research and Conservation Center possess abundant genetic variation. In addition,
if the three markers showing null alleles were excluded, the remaining 13 microsatellite loci still presented extremely low
non-exclusion probabilities of parentage (0.002), paternity (0.000) and identity (0.000). As a result, this new suit of microsatellite
markers would be a very informative tool for the genetic and conservation studies of giant pandas. 相似文献