华重楼离体胚培养及植株再生初探

为探明华重楼离体胚培养及植株再生的基本体系,该文以华重楼离体幼胚为试验材料,以MS培养基为基本培养基,研究不同光照、不同浓度梯度组合的植物生长调节剂对华重楼离体幼胚萌发、成苗的影响。结果表明:培养到60 d时,暗培养条件下华重楼离体幼胚的生长率和萌发率分别比光培养条件下高45.25%、19.17%,故暗培养比光培养更有利于华重楼离体幼胚生长发育。当GA₃浓度相同时,离体幼胚萌发所需时间随IAA浓度增加而延长。不同浓度的GA₃都可促进离体幼胚萌发,促进作用由强到弱依次为5 mg·L^-1GA₃>1 mg·L^-1GA₃> 10 mg·L^-1GA₃。在黑暗条件下,优选得到最适华重楼离体幼胚生长发育配方为1/2 MS+30g·L^-1蔗糖+7 g·L^-1琼脂+0.5 g·L^-1活性炭+5 mg·L^-1GA₃     

桃叶杜鹃组织培养技术研究

选用桃叶杜鹃试管苗的芽苗、叶片进行离体培养,通过正交试验设计并结合方差分析、多重比较从中选出了不同中间繁殖体的最佳培养基配方.试验结果表明:改良MS和6-BA及KT不适合桃叶杜鹃的组织培养,相对较低浓度的TDZ却能诱导植株分化,建立起桃叶杜鹃的离体培养体系,达到保护名贵杜鹃的种质资源,加速繁殖的目的.     

离体培养未传粉烟草子房的胚状体发育

近几十年来,许多科研工作者把培养活细胞的技术,用于诱导离体未传粉的子房和胚珠的培养,除大麦外,其他的试验结果都未获得单倍体植株。我国科学工作者,近年来在离体子房和胚珠培养方面有了新的进展,分别从小麦、水稻、烟草未传粉子房,通过离体培养,获得了单倍体植株。离体培养未传粉子房所获得的单倍体植株是来源于胚珠中的哪一部分,以及通过什么样的发育过程而长出来的,本文将报道这方面的试验结果。     

兰属种间杂交胚拯救研究初报

取兰属大花蕙兰为母本、墨兰为父本进行种间杂交并进行杂种胚拯救研究。结果显示,子房离体培养明显优于胚珠离体培养,是胚抢救培养的有效手段。不同取材时间及在不同培养基中子房培养情况差异明显。在授粉后60 d子房离体培养即可获得成功,但以授粉后90 d子房离体培养最佳,萌发率高,达80%。子房培养的最适培养基为VW+BA 0.2 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+蛋白胨3 g/L+水解酪蛋白500 mg/L+椰子汁10%。     

长蕊丝石竹的组织培养和快速繁殖

本项试验以长蕊丝石竹的嫩茎为外植体,对长蕊丝石竹的进行不定芽诱导、增殖、生根培养及驯化移栽等组织培养的快繁技术体系的研究,探讨了不同生长阶段、不同的基本培养基、不同浓度的生长调节剂等不同的因素,对长蕊丝石竹离体培养再生体系的影响。总结出长蕊丝石竹幼苗快速繁殖的方法,以促进长蕊丝石竹离体再生技术的完善,为长蕊丝石竹的广泛应用打下理论基础。     

条叶龙胆离体根培养条件的初步研究

本试验对条叶龙胆(Gentiana manshurica)离体根生长的培养基种类、光、通气进行了试验,并在此基础上用正交试验法对影响离体根生长的7个主要成分进行了试验。找出了适合条叶龙胆离体根生长和鲜重增加的培养基是white+CH 50 mg/L, IBA 0.1 mg/L, 基本培养中相应的VB1改为0.5 mg／L,蔗糖30 g／L,pH4。     

枇杷属野生植物种胚离体培养和植株再生研究

以枇杷属Eriobotrya植物11个野生种、1个远缘杂交后代材料为试材,采用胚为外植体,在不同植物生长调节剂配比培养条件下,进行胚离体培养和植株再生研究。结果表明,胚培养的最佳培养基配方为MS + 6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1 + KT 1.0 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.1 mg·L-1。在此培养基中,所有试验材料均获得成功,其中栎叶枇杷E. prinoides的萌发率和丛芽率均达100%,有效地建立了枇杷属野生种的胚离体培养及其植株再生体系。     

条叶龙胆离体根培养条件的初步研究

本试验对条叶龙胆(Gentiana manshurica)离体根生长的培养基种类、光、通气进行了试验,并在此基础上用正交试验法对影响离体根生长的7个主要成分进行了试验。找出了适合条叶龙胆离体根生长和鲜重增加的培养基是white+CH 50 mg/l,IBA 0.1 mg/l,基本培养中相应的VB_1改为0.5 mg/l,蔗糖30 g/l,pH4。     

光照、琼脂和碳源对离体培养中水曲柳根尖生长的影响

研究了光照有无、琼脂添加与否和不同碳源对离体培养的水曲柳根尖生长的影响。结果表明,不添加琼脂的液体培养基对根尖的生长较添加琼脂的固体培养基和固—液培养基好,原因是增加琼脂的量会抑制根的生长;暗培养比光培养更有利于水曲柳离体根尖的培养;蔗糖作为碳源的效果较果糖和麦芽糖好,其中以3%的蔗糖对离体根尖的生长效果最好。     

Cu2+对离体培养猪腺垂体细胞GH分泌的影响

目的：研究铜离子（Cu2＋）对离体培养猪腺垂体细胞生长激素（GH）分泌的影响。方法：试验选取32-35日龄仔猪腺垂体细胞,于10%小牛血清的Dulbecco MEM培养液（DMEM）中离体培养48 h。之后用含不同浓度Cu2＋（0 mg/L、0.025 mg/L、0.1 mg/L、0.4 mg/L、1.6 mg/L）的无小牛血清DMEM培养液培养36 h,于12 h、24 h、36 h收集细胞培养液,用Linco公司的试剂盒及放射免疫法测定培养液中GH浓度。结果：铜离子离体培养腺垂体细胞24 h,0.025 mg/L、0.1 mg/L、0.4 mg/L组培养液中GH浓度均高于0 mg/L组,其中0.1 mg/L组与0 mg/L组差异显著（P〈0.05）。结论：铜离子可促进离体培养猪腺垂体细胞分泌GH。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.