药用贝母新资源

1.宁国贝母 新种 图1,1—4 Fritillaria ningguoensis S.C.Chen et S.F.Yin,sp.nov. Proxima F.monanthac Migo,quae planta multo altiore,foliis pro 2/3longitudinem caulis sparsim dispositis,lobis stigmatis 3.5—5mm longis differt. Planta pumilior,16—27cm longa,bulbis interdum binis,ovoideo-globosis,ca 1.5—2cm in diam.,squamis paucis(2—3),albidis,carnosis.Caulis gla-ber,plerumque 8-foliatus.Folia supra medium caulis densiuscule disposita,vulgo opposita,erecto-patentia,oblonga vel suboblonga,5.5—9.5cm longa,     

国产多轮贝母订正

作者通过新疆贝母属植物种质资源调查,引种驯化对比观察和译照原始文献反复核对查出:国产多轮贝母(黄花贝母)与原始文献描述的F. verticillata Willd.形态差异甚大;经过在该种产地之一的塔尔巴哈台上多年寻找,1987年终于采集到与原文献形态描述相符的多轮贝母原种,从而鉴别出误定的国产“多轮贝母”(黄花贝母)是一     

新疆贝母属的核型研究

作者研究了产于我国新疆的6种贝母以及引种的浙贝母的核型。其中5种为首次报道。     

甘肃贝母属新植物

贝母属(Fritillaria)大多数种类的鳞茎在我国供药用,即中药“贝母”,有清热润肺,化痰止咳之功效。据记载该属国产种类约有28种和一些变种,资源比较丰富。但由于需要量大,挖掘过量,近年供不应求,新资源亟待调查与开发。本文将报道甘肃贝母资源调查的部分结果:2个新种、1个新变种和1个新栽培变种。兹描述如下:     

黄山贝母和天目贝母的核型研究

本文首次报道了产于江西的黄山贝母(F.huangshanensis Y. K. Yanget C. J. Wu)和浙江的天目贝母(F. monantha Migo)的核型:前者为2n=24=2m 2sm 6st(4sc) 14t;后者为2n=24=2m 2sm 6st(4sc) 14t(2sc)。此外,与国内报道的其它贝母属植物的核型进行了比较和讨论。     

中药贝母类的资源利用研究

贝母为传统中药,中国药典（1990）收载了川贝母（Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don.)、暗紫贝母（F. unibracteata Hsiao et K.C.Hsia)、甘肃贝母（F.przeuxalskii Maxim ex Batak.）、梭砂贝母（F.delapayiFranch.）、浙贝母（F.thambergii Miq.）和平贝母（F.ussuriensis Maxim）.等8种。最近对四川、甘肃、新疆、湖北、浙江和江苏等省区的药源调查结果表明,各地药用的贝母有25个种和变种,其中最常用的有暗紫贝母、甘肃贝母、梭砂贝母、伊贝母、新疆贝母、托理贝母、平贝母和湖北贝母。20余种贝母所含生物碱的TLC和HPLC分析结果表明各种贝母所含生物碱有一定区别,并与产地有关,产于湖北、浙江和江苏省的种类都含有去氢贝母碱,大多含贝母碱和异贝母碱;产于四川、甘肃和新疆的种类都含有西贝素和去氢梭砂贝母碱,大多含茄次碱,产于四川的种类都含去氢川贝碱,产于新疆的种类都含梭砂贝母碱。本研究为建立贝母的品质评价方法和开发药用资源提供了科学依据。     

1980年以来中药贝母新资源及其现代研究状况

对1980年以来中药贝母新品种及其化学成分、药理作用的研究状况进行了综述。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.