Overwintering of Trichogramma ostriniae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) within target and non-target host eggs

Trichogramma ostriniae was imported into the USA from China and it continues to be evaluated as a biological control agent against the European corn borer and other lepidopteran pest species. A natural enemy's ability to overwinter is a facet of its biology with important ramifications for biological control and non-target effects. Thus, studies were conducted to examine the ability of the introduced egg parasitoid to survive over winters in central New York State. Eggs of Ostrinia nubilalis, Ephestia kuehniella, Trichoplusia ni, Helicoverpa zea and Utetheisa ornatrix were subjected to parasitism by adult T. ostriniae and then placed out of doors and exposed to winter conditions. For trials initiated in 2003 and 2004, the adult parental wasps were exposed to a diapause-inducing photoperiod and temperature regime in the laboratory; in 2010, parental wasps were conditioned out of doors and prior to the onset of winter conditions. Emergence of their progeny was monitored over time by taking aliquots of parasitised eggs, and holding them under warm conditions until emergence was complete. The level of wasp emergence generally displayed a decline followed by gradual increase until spring. Levels of overwintering ranged from 1% for O. nubilalis to 76% for E. kuehniella, and logistic regression indicated that the odds of overwintering was dependent on the year, host species, time out of doors and varied over exposure time depending on host. The potential to overwinter in New York was further confirmed by positive identification of T. ostriniae from naturally occurring O. nubilalis eggs collected from field sites where augmentative releases had been made in previous years.     

Wolbachia在玉米螟赤眼蜂内的三重感染

Wolbachia是一类广泛存在于节肢动物体内的共生菌。玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae是我国玉米田间的优势赤眼蜂种, 据报道, 赤眼蜂种内有Wolbachia感染。本文利用Wolbachia的16s rDNA和wsp基因引物通过PCR方法对玉米螟赤眼蜂的野生种群进行了调查, 发现以wsp基因为鉴定依据, 检测的所有个体都感染了3种Wolbachia ［wOstGDAa (GenBank accession no. EU157103), wOstGDAb (GenBank accession no. EU157104) 和 wOstGDB (GenBank accession no. EU157105)］。本文首次报道了野生赤眼蜂种群内Wolbachia的三重感染率几乎为100%。根据本研究的结果, 可以推测当不同种赤眼蜂寄生同一寄主时, Wolbachia可能会在不同赤眼蜂种间进行横向传播。     

Trichogramma ostriniae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) response to relative humidity with and without host cues

Trichogramma ostriniae is a parasitoid wasp species that is used as a biological control for several lepidopteran agricultural pests. Our study examined the effects of relative humidity (RH) on the behaviour of female T. ostriniae. In Y-tube RH choice assays, wasps generally chose higher RH over lower RH but the latency time taken to make a choice displayed no clear patterns that could be ascribed to the magnitude of the RH difference between arms of the Y-tube. In trials conducted in glass arenas with fixed humidities, the conditional probabilities of transition from searching to interacting with the leaf disk, and from interacting with leaf disks to antennal egg drumming and oviposition, were not significantly different among the RH levels, nor were there differences in latency times. These findings suggest that the level of RH may influence habitat choice but have little effect on search efficacy.     

四种杀菌剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂酚氧化酶活性的影响

为明确杀菌剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen毒性大小及其成蜂体内酚氧化酶（phenoloxidase, PO）活性影响, 本实验通过测定三唑酮（triadimefon）、 肟菌脂（trifloxystrobin）、 咪鲜胺（prochloraz）、 申嗪霉素（phenazino-1-carboxylic acid）4种杀菌剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂的急性毒性, 并分别测定活体和离体条件下各杀菌剂处理后酚氧化酶的比活性。结果表明, 各药剂对赤眼蜂的急性毒性大小为： 三唑酮＞咪鲜胺＞肟菌酯＞申嗪霉素, 其LC₅₀值分别为3.27, 6.46, 4.06和 9.72 mg/L, 其安全系数依次为0.07, 0.10, 0.20和1.47, 其中申嗪霉素为中等风险性, 其余3种药剂为高风险性, 且杀菌剂明显激活了PO的活性。活体条件下亚致死剂量处理得到的PO比活力高于离体处理, 且三唑酮处理组具有明显的剂量效应。本实验为研究杀菌剂对赤眼蜂的毒性及对PO的影响作了初步的探索, 为进一步研究赤眼蜂对杀菌剂的抗性及免疫能力奠定基础。     

Biological studies on two neotropical egg parasitoid species: Trichogramma nerudai and Trichogramma sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

The main biological attributes of two Neotropical egg parasitoids, the arrhenotokous Trichogramma nerudai and the thelytokous Trichogramma sp., were assessed under controlled laboratory conditions. Developmental time from egg to adult, and parasitoid survival, fecundity and fertility were studied using life tables. Results showed that T. nerudai had a faster developmental time than Trichogramma sp. (13.014±0.4019 and 13.595±0.4931 days, respectively). Both species showed similar life table statistics, r_m was 0.222 and 0.225 for T. nerudai and Trichogramma sp., respectively. Parasitoid survival averaged 95% for both species. The results obtained are discussed in the context of selecting one of these natural enemies as a potential biological control agent for the European pine shoot moth Rhyacionia buoliana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in pine forests and the codling moth Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in apple orchards in Argentina.     

玉米螟赤眼蜂雄性生殖力的研究

根据膜翅目寄生蜂未受精的卵发育为雄性个体,受精卵发育成雌性个体这一性别决定机制,考察了玉米螟赤眼蜂雄蜂生殖力的大小,探讨了雄蜂授精能力与个体大小、年龄及交配次数之间的关系。结果表明,玉米螟赤眼蜂雄蜂在羽化时或羽化后很短的时间内其精巢就已发育成熟,成虫期不再形成新的精子。雄蜂在羽化后立即可与雌蜂进行交配,在雌蜂过量的情况下,24 h内就可能将体内的精子或精液消耗尽,24 h后的雄蜂虽能与雌蜂继续交尾,但雌蜂所繁育的子代中未见有雌性个体。同一雄蜂能与多头雌蜂进行交尾,授精8～23头雌蜂,平均能繁育出346.15头雌性后代。雄蜂的授精能力与交配次数密切相关,授精量随交配次数增加而逐渐下降。首次交配时,雄蜂能给雌蜂提供较多的精子,约能繁育出58.85头雌性后代,但随着交配次数的增加,雄蜂向雌蜂输送的精子越来越少,10次交配之后,雄蜂所能授精、繁育的子代雌性数将不超过10头。以后足胫节长度表示个体大小时,体型较大的雄性个体进行多次交配的能力强,能繁育更多的雌性后代。     

繁育寄主对三种赤眼蜂个体大小及抱卵量的影响

【目的】繁育寄主及成蜂日龄均会影响赤眼蜂体内的抱卵量,为了解繁育寄主及育出赤眼蜂个体大小与赤眼蜂抱卵量的关系,我们在室内研究了米蛾 Corcyra cephalonica（Stainton）卵和亚洲玉米螟 Ostrinia furnacalis （Güenée）卵作为繁育寄主对3种赤眼蜂雌蜂大小、抱卵量的影响。【方法】在光周期14L:10D、温度25±1℃的室内条件下,以米蛾卵、亚洲玉米螟卵作为繁育寄主,解剖不同日龄（羽化后12-72 h）松毛虫赤眼蜂 Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura、玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen以及稻螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead,观察雌蜂抱卵量,测量成蜂的大小,分析雌蜂抱卵量与其日龄、个体大小以及繁育寄主的关系【结果】在羽化后48 h以内,3种蜂的抱卵量随雌蜂日龄的增长而增加。羽化后72 h,除米蛾卵繁育的玉米螟赤眼蜂及玉米螟卵繁育的松毛虫赤眼蜂的抱卵量比羽化后48 h时略高外,其他组合均出现下降。以亚洲玉米螟卵为繁育寄主时的玉米螟赤眼蜂的抱卵量显著高于对应日龄的以米蛾卵为繁育寄主时的抱卵量,而松毛虫赤眼蜂（除羽化后12和24 h外）和稻螟赤眼蜂则相反;以米蛾卵为繁育寄主时,相同日龄的赤眼蜂中,松毛虫赤眼蜂抱卵量最高,稻螟赤眼蜂的抱卵量最低;以亚洲玉米螟卵为繁育寄主时,玉米螟赤眼蜂抱卵量最高,稻螟赤眼蜂抱卵量最低。雌蜂抱卵量与雌蜂个体大小呈线性正相关,相关程度随雌蜂日龄增加而更加明显。【结论】后足胫节长度可以作为评价松毛虫赤眼蜂、玉米螟赤眼蜂和稻螟赤眼蜂质量的指标。赤眼蜂抱卵量受繁育寄主、赤眼蜂蜂种及雌蜂日龄的显著影响,寄主的适合性也会影响育出赤眼蜂的大小,筛选合适的繁育寄主有助于提高赤眼蜂的质量。     

噻虫胺及其混配制剂对意大利蜜蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂的急性毒性

【目的】明确新烟碱类杀虫剂噻虫胺及其2种混剂对意大利蜜蜂 Apis mellifera ligustica 和玉米螟赤眼蜂 Trichogramma ostriniae 的毒性。【方法】采用摄入法、接触法和药膜法分别测定3种制剂对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂成蜂的急性毒性。【结果】急性毒性测定结果表明,30%噻虫胺悬浮剂、30%吡蚜酮·噻虫胺悬浮剂和20%醚菊酯·噻虫胺悬浮剂对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂的急性摄入毒性均为剧毒,LC₅₀ 值(48 h)分别为0.0200（0.0143~0.0272）, 0.084（0.0658~0.1157）和0.1594（0.1200~0.2056） mg a.i./L;3种制剂对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂急性接触毒性均为高毒,LD₅₀ 值(48 h)分别为0.0155（0.0114~0.0197）, 0.0426（0.0335~0.0539）和0.1122（0.0796~0.1385）μg a.i./蜂。药膜法测定3种制剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂成蜂的LD₅₀ 值(24 h)分别为0.0232（0.0180~0.0295）, 0.1050（0.0940~0.1170）和0.0059（0.0054~0.0065） mg a.i./L;安全性评价结果表明,3种制剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂成蜂均存在极高风险性,安全系数分别为5.95×10^-4, 2.69×10^-3和9.50×10^-5。【结论】噻虫胺及其混剂对意大利蜜蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂均存在较高的毒性风险,在害虫综合治理中应谨慎使用。     

Host color preferences and short-range searching behavior of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma ostriniae

The color of lepidopteran eggs often varies by species or egg condition, and parasitoids that attack lepidopteran eggs could therefore potentially use color to obtain information about host identity or quality. The objective of our study was to determine whether females of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma ostriniae Pang & Chen (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) showed differential responses to egg color when searching for hosts over short distances and when evaluating the suitability of encountered eggs. We examined the wasps’ host‐selection behavior in a Petri dish arena using white, yellow, green, and black clay beads as egg models presented against a green background (to mimic leaf color). In no‐choice tests, bead color had a significant effect on the proportion of tested wasps that accepted a bead for further examination, on the time it took wasps to find and begin examining a bead, and on the time that wasps spent examining the beads. However, bead color had only a marginally significant effect on the proportion of wasps attempting to drill into a bead with their ovipositors, and no significant effect on the amount of time they spent drilling. The wasps also showed significant color preferences when given a choice between two adjacent beads of different colors. The results of the no‐choice and choice trials taken together indicated a color preference ranking of yellow > white > green > black. The wasps’ higher preference for the yellow and white egg models generally corresponds to the white or yellowish‐white egg color of T. ostriniae's target host, the European corn borer moth, Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). The wasps’ strong rejection of black egg models is likely to be an adaptive response that reflects the fact that eggs that are wholly or partially black are often unsuitable for parasitization due to advanced caterpillar development, damage to the egg, or previous parasitization.     

Effects of Bt transgenic rice line on stripe stem borer,Chilo suppressalis and its consequences on egg parasitoid,Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in the laboratory

Interactions among Chilo suppressalis (Walker), its larval parasitoid Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko and insect-resistant transgenic rice lines were evaluated under laboratory conditions. The results showed that all neonates and second larvae of stem borer were dead regardless of being fed rotationally or permanently on Bt rice, but 18% and 28% of the third and fourth instar larvae could complete development and turned to adults, respectively, when fed rotationally. In the second year of project, third instar larvae of stem borer were used to evaluate Bt rice impact on T. brassicae. The result showed that emergence rate was lower, the abnormal female rate increased and adult female longevity of the wasp decreased significantly in comparison with the conventional variety. There was no significant difference in gender ratio and parasitism rate under Bt rice treatment in comparison with conventional variety.     

3种赤眼蜂对甜菜夜蛾和小菜蛾卵的寄生功能反应

为评估稻螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead、螟黄赤眼蜂Trichogramma chilonis Ishii和玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen对甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua Hübner卵和小菜蛾Plutella xylostella Linnaeus卵的寄生潜能,本研究在室内条件下测试了3种赤眼蜂对不同密度甜菜夜蛾卵和小菜蛾卵的寄生率、寄生功能反应和搜寻效应。结果表明,稻螟赤眼蜂、螟黄赤眼蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂对甜菜夜蛾卵和小菜蛾卵均有一定的寄生效应。螟黄赤眼蜂对甜菜夜蛾卵的寄生率、瞬间攻击率、寄生效能和搜寻效应均高于稻螟赤眼蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂;3种赤眼蜂对小菜蛾卵的寄生率、瞬间攻击率、寄生效能和搜寻效应则表现为：稻螟赤眼蜂>螟黄赤眼蜂>玉米螟赤眼蜂。3种赤眼蜂对两种寄主的寄生功能反应均符合HollingⅡ型模型方程,表现为寄生量均随寄主卵密度的增加而升高,达到一定水平后趋于平稳。赤眼蜂的搜寻效应随寄主卵密度的增加而降低。综合分析可知,螟黄赤眼蜂对于甜菜夜蛾的控害能力优于稻螟赤眼蜂螟和玉米螟赤眼蜂,而稻螟赤眼蜂比螟黄赤眼蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂更适合用于防控小菜蛾。     

Ants as predators of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma cacoeciae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) applied for biological control of the olive moth,Prays oleae (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Portugal

The detrimental effect of predators on Trichogramma cacoeciae March. releases to control the olive moth, Prays oleae Bern., in the Trás-os-Montes region (Northeast of Portugal), was evaluated during three releases against the flower generation of the pest in 2002. At 1 and 3 h and at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after each release, 30 Trichogramma releasing cards were examined in the field and predators were collected and identified. Furthermore, at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after each release, the percentage of egg predation on the cards was also determined. Formicidae were the most abundant group of predators at 99.1% of the total individuals collected. Ten species were identified, Camponotus aethiops, C. lateralis, C. piceus, C. truncatus, Crematogaster auberti, C. scutellaris, Lasius niger, Leptotorax angustulus, Plagiolephis pygmaea and Tapinoma nigerrimum. T. nigerrimum was the most abundant species, both in total numbers as well as in the number of occupied cards. One day after release, the percentage of predation was 24.0% in the first release, 59.4% in the second and 38.0% in the third. Three days after release, the percentage of predation varied from 60.2 to 83.4% during the three release events. Seven days after release, the percentage of predation increased to 97.8% of the total eggs on cards.     

卵液成分改变及卵表涂施引诱剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂产卵发育的影响

试验通过部分改变人造卵卵液成分和在人造卵表涂施引诱剂2种途径来试图提高人造卵繁育玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Panget Chen的成功率。结果表明,不同比例的亚洲玉米螟OstriniafurnacalisGuenée幼虫和蛹匀浆替代部分柞蚕蛹匀浆后,对赤眼蜂寄生率有明显提高,但赤眼蜂在人造卵内的化蛹率和羽化率均较低,赤眼蜂发育至老熟幼虫因卵液过剩而被淹死;在原卵液卵表涂施亚洲玉米螟卵和鳞片正己烷提取液后,评价繁蜂成功率的各项参数都有明显提高,赤眼蜂可以完成发育,羽化成蜂,但繁蜂成功率还较低。综合上述试验结果,应用人造卵繁殖玉米螟赤眼蜂研究重点要解决卵液过剩以及其它相关的营养学问题。     

几种化学因子对三种赤眼蜂离体酚氧化酶活性的影响

为比较不同赤眼蜂酚氧化酶（PO）活性的大小, 明确赤眼蜂种间免疫防御能力强弱, 本研究通过研磨、离心提取松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi、螟黄赤眼蜂T. chilonis、玉米螟赤眼蜂T. ostriniae匀浆液, 首次测定了几种化学因子（Ca²⁺、昆布多糖、纤维素、右旋糖酐、脂多糖和丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂）对3种供试赤眼蜂匀浆液中酚氧化酶原激活系统（proPO-AS）的激活程度。结果表明: 玉米螟赤眼蜂匀浆液PO活性最高, 螟黄赤眼蜂次之, 松毛虫赤眼蜂最低。Ca²⁺是激活供试赤眼蜂proPO的必需因子, 且在0.03 mol/L浓度下激活作用最强; 昆布多糖和脂多糖也能有效激活proPO, 0.01及0.05 mg/mL昆布多糖能强烈激活PO活性; 纤维素和右旋糖酐对PO活性存在显著抑制作用。结果证明了赤眼蜂种间存在明显的免疫能力差异。本研究建立了小型昆虫proPO-AS研究体系, 为研究Wolbachia-小型昆虫的免疫互作体系奠定了基础。     

转Bt基因玉米Bt11花粉对玉米螟赤眼蜂繁殖和存活的影响

在室内评价了表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的转基因抗虫玉米Bt11花粉作为食物对玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae雌蜂寿命、繁殖力、子代羽化数和性比的影响。结果显示,Bt11玉米花粉中含有115.13±7.29 ng/g FW Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白。饲喂水+Bt玉米花粉和水+对照玉米花粉的雌蜂寿命、繁殖力和子代羽化数明显高于只提供水的处理,但性比没有显著差异。饲喂10%蜂蜜水的雌蜂寿命、繁殖力和子代羽化数与饲喂10%蜂蜜水+Bt玉米或10%蜂蜜水+对照玉米花粉的处理雌蜂相似,没有显著差异。饲喂水+玉米花粉和只提供水的各处理的寿命、繁殖力和子代羽化数均显著低于蜂蜜水+玉米花粉和只提供蜂蜜水的各个处理,但性比显著高。饲喂水+Bt玉米花粉与水+对照玉米花粉之间以及蜂蜜水+Bt玉米花粉与蜂蜜水+对照玉米花粉之间的寿命、繁殖力和子代羽化数没有显著差异。由此得出结论,同只提供水相比,玉米花粉可以提高玉米螟赤眼蜂的寿命和繁殖力。表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的Bt11玉米花粉对玉米螟赤眼蜂的寿命、繁殖力、子代羽化数和性比无不利影响。     

Strategic ejaculation in the egg parasitoid Trichogramma turkestanica (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Abstract.  1. Several parameters influence sperm allocation by males, including their size and sperm stock, intra-specific variability, quality of females', as well as the risk and intensity of sperm competition.
2. Models predict that males should invest the maximum ejaculate size when sperm competition intensity is low. As sperm competition intensity increases, males should decrease the number of sperm transferred during mating.
3. This decrease in sperm transfer to females occurs because the benefits gained by males with each extra unit of expenditure on sperm decrease. When sperm supply is not unlimited, males could expect a better return by keeping some or all sperm for mating under lower competition intensity.
4. In this study, the ejaculate size of males that were kept in groups of one, five or 10 males prior to mating, has been investigated in the haplodiploid egg parasitoid Trichogramma turkestanica Meyer (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae).
5. As predicted by theory, the number of sperm transferred decreased significantly with an increase in the number of rivals.
6. This is the first study showing strategic sperm allocation depending on sperm competition intensity in a parasitoid.     

Development of a continuous cell line from the insect egg parasitoid,Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera; Trichogrammatidae)

Summary A cell line (IPLB-TpE1) was established from embryos of the hymenopteran parasitoid,Trichogramma pretiosum Riley. Cultures contain a mixture of attached, elongate spindle-shaped cells and large aggregates of suspended cells. Chromosomes of the cells were typical ofTrichogramma species and isozyme characterization showed patterns similar toT. pretiosum adults, but distinctly different fromHeliothis zea, the lepidopteran host from which parasite eggs were obtained. The cells are capable of growth over a wide range of osmotic pressures with equal growth between 350 and 600 mOsm/kg. Optimal growth was obtained with a pH of 6.5. Doubling time at the 40th passage was 72 h and cultures are currently subcultured at weekly intervals. The mention of a commercial product does not constitute an endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture.     

Multigenerational maternal effect on diapause induction in Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Maternal photoperiodic response is known to influence the percentage of diapausing prepupae in Trichogramma species. However, the influence of several preceding generations has not yet been studied. We have investigated the stability of photoperiod-induced changes in multiple generations of Trichogramma buesi Voegele and Trichogramma principium Sug. et Sor. Short-day conditions during preimaginal development induced an increase in the percentage of diapausing progeny and grand progeny of both Trichogramma species. A similar trend was also detected in the fourth and fifth generations, but the response was weak although statistically significant. This grand-grandmaternal photoperiodic effect (which has not been demonstrated before for Trichogramma or for any other insect parasitoid) is most probably based on the transgenerational transmission of variations in DNA expression. We conclude that in mass rearing, to facilitate diapause induction before cold storage, it is advisable to rear both maternal and grandmaternal generations under the short-day conditions. In scientific studies, several generations preceding the experiment should be kept under equal conditions to exclude multigenerational maternal effects.     

Recurrent warming to improve cold storage of Trichogrammatids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Cold storage can be used to slow development, facilitate accumulation of the organisms and accommodate fluctuating demand for augmentative biological control agents. Previous research suggested the possibility of improving cold storage of Trichogrammatids by recurrent warming, so we subjected Trichogramma ostriniae juveniles within Ephestia kuehniella host eggs to either 2°C constant or to 2°C with twice-weekly recurrent warming for 3 h to 20°C. Parasitoid subsamples were allowed to mature for 1–9 days before placement in cold storage for up to 8 weeks. Parasitism by parentals, progeny emergence and fecundity and longevity of progeny were measured weekly for 8 weeks. Relative to constant 2°C, recurrent warming generally improved emergence, fecundity and longevity, and all the response variables were affected by the interaction of temperature regimen, parasitoid maturity class, and cold storage duration. This implies the utility of recurrent warming to improve egg parasitoid performance and for extending the duration of cold storage.     

基于微卫星引物鉴别不同地理种群玉米螟赤眼蜂和螟黄赤眼蜂

不同地理种群的赤眼蜂在遗传、生理和生态适应性等方面均表现出不同程度的分化。为探究不同地理种群的玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae和螟黄赤眼蜂Trichogramma chilonis在基因型上的差异并进行准确鉴定,本研究筛选了可用以区分不同地理种群玉米螟赤眼蜂和螟黄赤眼蜂的微卫星引物。结果表明：从已报道的10对微卫星引物中,筛选出2对引物（序列号：KT834825,KT834827）可以区分玉米螟赤眼蜂中的黑龙江地理种群与吉林和辽宁两个地理种群;并筛选出2对引物（序列号：KT834822,KT834825）可以区分黑龙江、贵州和广东3个不同地理种群的螟黄赤眼蜂。该结果进一步证实赤眼蜂不同地理种群间可能存在明显的基因型差异,研究结果为精准鉴别玉米螟赤眼蜂和螟黄赤眼蜂不同地理种群,以及进一步探寻优势种群的高效繁育与应用技术奠定了理论基础。