抗病毒治疗艾滋病48例临床研究

目的探讨艾滋病抗病毒治疗的效果,为进一步开展有效的抗病毒治疗提供依据。方法应用抗病毒治疗药物对符合治疗条件的艾滋病患者进行规范的抗病毒治疗,并进行病毒载量检测。结果对接受抗病毒治疗的48例患者进行病毒载量测定,平均病毒载量为2.0log拷贝/ml,其中16例血浆中未检测到艾滋病病毒,占57.14%。30例患者的CD4细胞均有不同程度升高,从26个/μl升高至517个/μl,平均升高(193.27±51.91)个/μl;治疗2年以上者CD4细胞平均升高(221.08±87.65)个/μl。病人机会性感染得到明显控制,发病率和死亡率显著降低(死亡率从44.44%下降至2.50%)。病人能从事中、重度体力劳动的比例由治疗前的13.33%上升到治疗后的30.0%。结论艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗效果显著,病人生活质量得到明显改善,符合治疗条件的病人应及早进行规范抗病毒治疗。     

HIV—1辅受体及针对辅受体的艾滋病治疗策略

艾滋病(AIDS)是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(Human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)引起的严重危害人类健康的世界性传染病,目前尚无有效的预防和治疗措施。虽然近年高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)明显提高了AIDS的临床疗效,但由于HIV的高度变异性、化疗药物的毒副作用及价格昂贵等因素,多种新     

亚洲各国艾滋病疫苗简介

获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immunodeficiencysy ndrome,AIDS),即"艾滋病",是一种致死率极高的全球传染性疾病,尚无有效的治愈方法。目前,亚洲已成为世界第二大艾滋病高发区。对经济并不发达的亚洲地区来说,研发艾滋病疫苗,对于预防人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV),即"艾滋病病毒"的传播具有重要的战略意义。本文对中国、泰国、印度、日本和澳大利亚的艾滋病疫苗研发和临床试验进行了分析和总结,并分析了亚洲开发艾滋病疫苗的前景及应对策略。     

矿物质在HIV感染/艾滋病患者营养干预中的作用

目的：了解矿物质在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染/艾滋病营养干预中的作用。方法：通过检索查阅国内（万方、中国知网、维普等,1997—2020年）和国外（Cochrane library、Pubmed、EMbase等,2002—2020年）的相关文献,纳入8篇论文形成证据体,对其进行评价（参照WHO推荐的证据评价方案及标准）。结果与结论：HIV感染/艾滋病患者易出现一种或多种矿物质不足或缺乏的情况,部分矿物质补充能够改善HIV感染/艾滋病患者的营养状况,其中的硒补充可能延缓艾滋病疾病进展、改善患者生存以及带来额外的健康收益,锌补充可能延缓HIV感染/艾滋病患者的疾病进展、降低腹泻的发生率以及带来额外的健康收益。     

维生素在HIV感染/艾滋病患者营养干预中的作用

目的：了解维生素在人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染/艾滋病患者营养干预中的作用。方法：通过检索查阅国内（万方、中国知网、维普等,1997—2020年）和国外（Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase等,2002—2020年）的相关文献,共纳入41篇学术论文进行证据体评价（参照WHO推荐的证据评价方案及标准）。结果：HIV感染/艾滋病患者易出现一种或多种维生素不足或缺乏的情况,维生素补充能够改善HIV感染/艾滋病患者的营养状况。维生素A的补充可能降低HIV感染/艾滋病患者的死亡风险、延缓疾病进展以及带来额外的健康收益,但会增加HIV垂直传播风险;烟酸补充可以改善HIV感染/艾滋病患者的血脂水平;补充维生素C、维生素E可以降低HIV感染/艾滋病患者的氧化应激水平;补充维生素D可改善HIV感染/艾滋病患者的骨骼健康,降低冠心病、结核以及肝纤维化的发生风险。结论：复合维生素补充（包括矿物质）可能延缓HIV感染/艾滋病患者的疾病进展以及带来额外的健康收益。     

静脉注射吸毒人群HIV／AIDS数学模型分析

建立了四川省西昌市静脉注射吸毒人群HIV／AIDS传播的数学模型,给出了模型的理论分析和数值模拟结果．通过必要的分析,给出了各类平衡点的存在性和稳定性,系统的一致持续生存,以及基本再生数的数学表达式和具体取值．揭示了该静注人群中的HIV／AIDS有进一步蔓延的趋势,但如果采取适当的干预措施,该静注人群中HIV／AIDS流行可得到有效的控制．     

人类免疫缺陷病毒感染与肠道菌群的变化研究进展

人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染CD4~+T细胞,造成免疫系统功能紊乱,导致适应性免疫和固有免疫均发生异常。肠道是人体重要的CD4~+T细胞库,因此,肠道也是病毒感染的主要目标,此外,人肠道内居住着数以亿计的微生物,近年来发现这些微生物群在人类健康中起关键作用。HIV感染除了直接改变肠道CD4~+T细胞组成,也改变了肠道微生物的组成和功能。本文综述了HIV引起的肠道微生物改变,并探讨这些改变在HIV感染个体中产生的局部及系统效应与相关的系统病理损伤,以及用肠道微生物进行靶向调节HIV感染和相关治疗的研究进展。     

HIV/AIDS患者CD4水平对甲状腺功能影响的比较研究

目的观察HIV/AIDS患者甲状腺功能的变化,了解HIV对内分泌的影响。方法检测168例HIV/AIDS患者TT4、TT3、FT4、FT3、TSH,并分析不同CD4水平对甲状腺功能影响。结果HIV/AIDS患者甲状腺功能可保持正常,但低CD4组的FT3、TSH水平低于高CD4组。结论HIV/AIDS患者甲状腺功能可保持正常,但HIV感染不同阶段会对内分泌系统有一定影响。HIV感染对甲状腺影响的具体机制尚不十分清楚,利用动物模型进行进一步研究非常必要。     

Jet Riemann-Lagrange几何分析静脉注射吸毒人员HIV/AIDS模型(英文)

介绍并应用Jet Riemann-Lagrange几何,通过解一类Kaldor流方程去分析静脉注射吸毒人员HIV/AIDS模型,我们得到几个有意义的结果.     

艾滋病疫苗的研制进展

1990年10月,由美国国家过敏和感染疾病研制所(NIAID)组织邀请有关专家参加艾滋病(AIDS)疫苗研制进展的国际会议。该研究所艾滋病疫苗研制室主任W.C.Koff教授在1991年第2期《美国微生物学会会讯》撰文介绍了这次会议有关艾滋病疫苗研制进展并提出了加快疫苗研制的战略。     

HIV/AIDS Related Stigma and Discrimination against PLWHA in Nigerian Population

Background

HIV/AIDS remain a major public health concern in Nigeria. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) face not only personal medical problems but also social problems associated with the disease such as stigma and discriminatory attitudes. This study provides an insight into HIV/AIDS related stigma and discrimination against PLWHA in Nigeria.

Methods

The data for this study was extracted from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey conducted by the National Population Commission. All men and women aged 15–49 years, permanent residents and visitors of the households were eligible for the interview. Several questionnaires were used in the survey, some covering questions on HIV/AIDS.

Results

A total of 56 307 men and women aged 15–49 years participated in this national survey. About half of the population in Nigeria have HIV stigma. Younger persons, men, those without formal education and those within poor wealth index are more likely to have stigma towards PLWHA. In addition, married people are more likely to have stigma on PLWHA and are more likely to blame PLWHA for bringing the disease to the community. Also about half of the population discriminates against PLWHA. However, those with higher levels of education and those from higher wealth index seem to be more compassionate towards PLWHA. About 70% in the population are willing to care for relative with AIDS, even more so among those with higher level of education.

Conclusion

There is a high level of HIV stigma and discrimination against PLWHA in the Nigerian population. Education seems to play a major role in the society with respect to HIV stigma and discrimination against PLWHA. Educating the population with factual information on HIV/AIDS is needed to reduce stigma and discrimination towards PLWHA in the community.     

An editorial overview: HIV/AIDS in China

China has come a long way in fighting against HIV/AIDS epidemic. The Chinese government has taken an active role in combating this detrimental disease and such a welcome attitude by the Chinese government will certainly provide a positive spin on its effort in reducing the HIV/AIDS epidemic in China.……     

An editorial overview: HIV/AIDS in China

China has come a long way in fighting against its HIV/AIDS epidemic. The Chinese government has taken an active role in combating this detrimental disease and such a welcome attitude by the Chinese government will certainly provide a positive spin on its …     

MSM and HIV/AIDS in China

This article profiles current status of spread and control of HIV/AIDS in China. China has a significant population of MSM (men who have sex with men) and they have been becoming very much alive in many ways since 1990s due to recent social changes. Some surveys indicate that great many of MSM are engaged in high-risk behaviors. In addition, majority of MSM have also experienced sexual encounters with women sometimes in their lives, which possibly contribute to spread of HIV to women. Some reports documented that HIV is becoming rampant among MSM since more than 1% of them are now infected. Political, cultural and custom elements could hinder intervention activities against HIV spread among MSM. Fortunately, many cities in China have seen that MSM were in cooperation with responsible institutions carrying out certain intervention measures. The general situation is promising. The authors forecast that the fast HIV spread among MSM of China could possibly be halted within several years when the authorities become more sensible to this issue, health service institutions offer unswerving efforts toward the MSM community and those who involve in MSM undertakes necessary responsibilities.     

MSM and HIV/AIDS in China

INTRODUCTION The term MSM (men who have sex with men) was introduced into mainland China in 2000. Homosexuals, without identifying gender, were used previously to de- scribe MSM by authorities, the public and even professionals. The first confirmed MSM ca…     

MSM and HIV/AIDS in China

This article profiles current status of spread and control of HIV/AIDS in China. China has a significant population of MSM （men who have sex with men） and they have been becoming very much alive in many ways since 1990s due to recent social changes. Some surveys indicate that great many of MSM are engaged in high-risk behaviors. In addition, majority of MSM have also experienced sexual encounters with women sometimes in their lives, which possibly contribute to spread of HIV to women. Some reports documented that HIV is becoming rampant among MSM since more than 1% of them are now infected. Political, cultural and custom elements could hinder intervention activities against HIV spread among MSM. Fortunately, many cities in China have seen that MSM were in cooperation with responsible institutions carrying out certain intervention measures. The general situation is promising. The authors forecast that the fast HIV spread among MSM of China could possibly be halted within several years when the authorities become more sensible to this issue, health service institutions offer unswerving efforts toward the MSM community and those who involve in MSM undertakes necessary responsibilities.     

MSM and HIV/AIDS in China

This article profiles current status of spread and control of HIV/AIDS in China. China has a significant population of MSM (men who have sex with men) and they have been becoming very much alive in many ways since 1990s due to recent social changes. Some surveys indicate that great many of MSM are engaged in high-risk behaviors. In addition,majority of MSM have also experienced sexual encounters with women sometimes in their lives, which possibly contribute to spread of HIV to women. Some reports documented that HIV is becoming rampant among MSM since more than 1% of them are now infected. Political, cultural and custom elements could hinder intervention activities against HIV spread among MSM. Fortunately, many cities in China have seen that MSM were in cooperation with responsible institutions carrying out certain intervention measures. The general situation is promising. The authors forecast that the fast HIV spread among MSM of China could possibly be halted within several years when the authorities become more sensible to this issue, health service institutions offer unswerving efforts toward the MSM community and those who involve in MSM undertakes necessary responsibilities.     

Total HIV/AIDS Expenditures in Dehong Prefecture,Yunnan Province in 2010: The First Systematic Evaluation of Both Health and Non-Health Related HIV/AIDS Expenditures in China

Objective

We assessed HIV/AIDS expenditures in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, one of the highest prevalence regions in China, and describe funding sources and spending for different categories of HIV-related interventions and at-risk populations.

Methods

2010 HIV/AIDS expenditures in Dehong Prefecture were evaluated based on UNAIDS’ National AIDS Spending Assessment methodology.

Results

Nearly 93% of total expenditures for HIV/AIDS was contributed by public sources. Of total expenditures, 52.7% was allocated to treatment and care, 24.5% to program management and administration and 19.8% to prevention. Spending on treatment and care was primarily allocated to the treatment of opportunistic infections. Most (40.4%) prevention spending was concentrated on most-at-risk populations, injection drug users (IDUs), sex workers, and men who have sex with men (MSM), with 5.5% allocated to voluntary counseling and testing. Prevention funding allocated for MSM, partners of people living with HIV and prisoners and other confined populations was low compared to the disproportionate burden of HIV/AIDS in these populations. Overall, people living with HIV accounted for 57.57% of total expenditures, while most-at-risk populations accounted for only 7.99%.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated the applicability of NASA for tracking and assessing HIV expenditure in the context of China, it proved to be a useful tool in understanding national HIV/AIDS response from financial aspect, and to assess the extent to which HIV expenditure matches epidemic patterns. Limited funding for primary prevention and prevention for MSM, prisoners and partners of people living with HIV, signal that resource allocation to these key areas must be strengthened. Comprehensive analyses of regional and national funding strategies are needed to inform more equitable, effective and cost-effective HIV/AIDS resource allocation.