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1.
Gabriela María Santiso Fernando Messina Andrea Gallo Emmanuel Marín Roxana Depardo Alicia Arechavala Laura Walker Ricardo Negroni María Mercedes Romero 《Revista iberoamericana de micología》2021,38(1):19-22
BackgroundCryptococcosis is a severe universally distributed mycosis which mainly affects immunocompromised hosts. This mycosis is caused by yeasts of two species complex of the genus Cryptococcus: Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. Meningeal cryptococcosis is the most frequent clinical presentation of this disseminated mycosis. The oral mucosa involvement is extremely unusual.Case reportWe present a case of cryptococcosis with an unusual clinical form. The patient was assisted because she had an ulcerated lesion on the lingual mucosa. Encapsulated yeasts compatible with Cryptococcus were found in microscopic exams of wet preparations from lingual ulcer clinical samples obtained for cytodiagnosis and mycological studies. Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans var. grubii VNI) was isolated in culture. This patient did not know her condition of HIV seropositive before the appearance of the tongue lesion.ConclusionsThe involvement of the oral mucosa is uncommon in this fungal infection, but is important to include it in the differential diagnosis in HIV positive patients. 相似文献
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Georgina Meza-Radilla Violeta Larios-Serrato Rigoberto Hernndez-Castro J. Antonio Ibarra Paulina Estrada-de los Santos 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2021,15(6)
BackgroundBurkholderia sensu stricto is comprised mainly of opportunistic pathogens. This group is widely distributed in the environment but is especially important in clinical settings. In Mexico, few species have been correctly identified among patients, most often B. cepacia is described.Methodology/Principal findingsIn this study, approximately 90 strains identified as B. cepacia with the VITEK2 system were isolated from two medical centers in Mexico City and analyzed by MLSA, BOX-PCR and genome analysis. The initial identification of B. cepacia was confirmed for many strains, but B. contaminans, B. multivorans and B. vietnamiensis were also identified among clinical strains for the first time in hospitals in Mexico. Additionally, the presence of B. pseudomallei was confirmed, and a novel species within the B. cepacia complex was documented. Several strains misidentified as B. cepacia actually belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Providencia.Conclusions/SignificanceThe presence of different Burkholderia species in Mexico was confirmed. Correct identification of Burkholderia species is important to provide accurate treatment for immunosuppressed patients. 相似文献
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《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2022,29(5):3244-3254
BackgroundThe upper belt of Azad Kashmir is a hilly, mountainous, and remote area where the indigenous communities mainly believe in traditional medicines for the treatment of different ailments. This study aimed to conserve scientifically and culturally important medicinal knowledge of Primula species in Azad Kashmir, Western Himalaya, Pakistan. The additional objective was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of these plants against pathogenic bacteria.MethodsThe ethnomedicinal data of Primula species was explored by conducting structured interviews with 40 informants of the study area, especially asking about the medicinal uses of Primula species. The indigenously used Primula species were further analyzed for their antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria by using disc diffusion assay supplemented with a more robust minimum inhibitory concentration assay.ResultsEthnomedicinal data revealed that indigenous communities living in upper regions of Azad Kashmir use 5 Primula species for the treatment of various disorders. The highly cited disease category was ophthalmic disorders. P. denticulata and P. macrophylla were the most cited plant species with higher use reports such as 104 and 93, respectively. One or more extracts of different parts of Primula species showed a noteworthy antibacterial activity against one or more tested bacteria.ConclusionThis study provides novel information regarding several categories of traditional uses and antibacterial activity of Primula species in Azad Kashmir, Western Himalaya. The need for novel and more effective drugs derived from natural products is more important than ever, making future studies on herbal remedies both justified and urgently required. 相似文献
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IntroductionUnderestimation of zoonoses is exacerbated in low and middle-income countries due mainly to inequalities with serious consequences in healthcare. This is difficult to gauge and reduce the impact of those diseases. Our study focuses on Paraguay, where the livestock industry is one of the major components of the country’s economy. Therefore, the rationale of this study was to develop a case study in Paraguay to estimate the dual impact of zoonotic diseases on both the human health and animal health sector and thus determine the societal burden of such diseases.Methodology/Principal findingsWe conducted a systemic review (including a meta-analysis) to assess the burden of zoonoses in Paraguay, including official reports and grey literature of disease incidence and prevalence. We estimated the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and Zoonosis Disability Adjusted Life Years (zDALYs) to measure the difference between the current health status and the desired health situation of animals and the Paraguayan population based on 50 zoonotic diseases suggested by the WHO (World Health Organization), OIE (World Organization for Animal Health) and the National Health in Paraguay. The total DALYs represent 19,384 (95% CI: from 15,805 to 29,733), and zDALYs, 62,178 (95% CI: from 48,696 to 77,188). According to the results, the priority pathogens for DALYs are E. coli, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania spp, and Toxoplasma gondii. When we include the additional animal health burden, the most important pathogens are Brucella spp, E. coli, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Fasciola hepatica for zDALYs.Conclusion/SignificanceThis is the first study to integrate DALYs and zDALYs with important clues related to the health status of Paraguay. Through DALYs and zDALYs, our perspective becomes more complete because we consider not only human health but also animal health. This is important for setting priorities in disease control, especially in a society where livestock contribute significantly to the economy and to human well-being. 相似文献
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Johanna del Castillo-Múnera Martha Cárdenas Andrés Pinzón Adriana Castañeda Adriana J. Bernal Silvia Restrepo 《Revista iberoamericana de micología》2013,30(2):88-95
BackgroundPhytophthora is the most important genus of the Oomycete plant pathogens. Nowadays, there are 117 described species in this genus, most of them being primary invaders of plant tissues. The different species are causal agents of diseases in a wide range of crops and plants in natural environments. In order to develop control strategies against Phytophthoraspecies, it is important to know the biology, ecology and evolutionary processes of these important pathogens.AimsThe aim of this study was to propose and validate a low cost identification system for Phytophthora species based on a set of polymorphic microsatellite (SSRs) markers.MethodsThirty-three isolates representing Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora andina, Phytophthora sojae, Phytophthora cryptogea, Phytophthora nicotianae, Phytophthora capsici and Phytophthora cinnamomi species were obtained, and 13 SSRs were selected as potentially transferable markers between these species. Amplification conditions, including annealing temperatures, were standardized for several markers.ResultsA subset of these markers amplified in all species, showing species-specific alleles.ConclusionsThe adaptability and impact of the identification system in Colombia, an Andean agricultural country where different Phytophthora species co-exist in the same or in several hosts grown together, are discussed. 相似文献
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《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2017,1861(3):636-643
BackgroundCarnivorous plants possess diverse sets of enzymes with novel functionalities applicable to biotechnology, proteomics, and bioanalytical research. Chitinases constitute an important class of such enzymes, with future applications including human-safe antifungal agents and pesticides. Here, we compare chitinases from the genome of the carnivorous plant Drosera capensis to those from related carnivorous plants and model organisms.MethodsUsing comparative modeling, in silico maturation, and molecular dynamics simulation, we produce models of the mature enzymes in aqueous solution. We utilize network analytic techniques to identify similarities and differences in chitinase topology.ResultsHere, we report molecular models and functional predictions from protein structure networks for eleven new chitinases from D. capensis, including a novel class IV chitinase with two active domains. This architecture has previously been observed in microorganisms but not in plants. We use a combination of comparative and de novo structure prediction followed by molecular dynamics simulation to produce models of the mature forms of these proteins in aqueous solution. Protein structure network analysis of these and other plant chitinases reveal characteristic features of the two major chitinase families.General significanceThis work demonstrates how computational techniques can facilitate quickly moving from raw sequence data to refined structural models and comparative analysis, and to select promising candidates for subsequent biochemical characterization. This capability is increasingly important given the large and growing body of data from high-throughput genome sequencing, which makes experimental characterization of every target impractical. 相似文献
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Kesley A.O. Pontes Leandro S. Silva Edgleyson C. Santos Alessandro S. Pinheiro Douglas E. Teixeira Diogo B. Peruchetti Rodrigo P. Silva-Aguiar Camila H.C. Wendt Kildare R. Miranda Andrelina N. Coelho-de-Souza José Henrique Leal-Cardoso Celso Caruso-Neves Ana Acacia S. Pinheiro 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2021,1865(3):129813
BackgroundMalaria is a parasitic disease that compromises the human host. Currently, control of the Plasmodium falciparum burden is centered on artemisinin-based combination therapies. However, decreased sensitivity to artemisinin and derivatives has been reported, therefore it is important to identify new therapeutic strategies.MethodWe used human erythrocytes infected with P. falciparum and experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) animal model to assess the potential antimalarial effect of eugenol, a component of clove bud essential oil.ResultsPlasmodium falciparum cultures treated with increasing concentrations of eugenol reduced parasitemia in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 of 532.42 ± 29.55 μM. This effect seems to be irreversible and maintained even in the presence of high parasitemia. The prominent effect of eugenol was detected in the evolution from schizont to ring forms, inducing important morphological changes, indicating a disruption in the development of the erythrocytic cycle. Aberrant structural modification was observed by electron microscopy, showing the separation of the two nuclear membrane leaflets as well as other subcellular membranes, such as from the digestive vacuole. Importantly, in vivo studies using ECM revealed a reduction in blood parasitemia and cerebral edema when mice were treated for 6 consecutive days upon infection.ConclusionsThese data suggest a potential effect of eugenol against Plasmodium sp. with an impact on cerebral malaria.General significanceOur results provide a rational basis for the use of eugenol in therapeutic strategies to the treatment of malaria. 相似文献
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Shirin Sarshar Reza Mirnejad Ebrahim Babapour 《Reports of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology》2021,10(3):412
Background:Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is an opportunistic microorganism and one of the most important causes of urinary tract infection. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of K. pneumoniae producing broad-spectrum beta-lactamase in urinary tract infection and to determine the pattern of drug resistance.Methods:This study was performed on 50 samples of K. pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infection referred to the Medical Diagnostic Laboratory in Hashtgerd city. The isolates were first evaluated for antibiotic susceptibility by disk diffusion method according to the method proposed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Then phenotypic detection of ESBLS was carried out by the DDST method. The frequency of gene blaTEM and blaCTX-M was determined by PCR.Results:The highest resistance was observed to ampicillin (94%) and the highest sensitivity was observed to gentamicin (84%). 22 isolates (44%) were positive for ESBLs production. Of the 50 isolates studied, 34% had blaCTX-M and 28% had blaTEM and 11 (22%) had both genes simultaneously. Also, more than 77% of positive ESBLs isolates had the blaCTX-M gene and approximately 63.64% of positive ESBLs isolates had the blaTEM gene.Conclusion:Given the high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant and ESBL-producing isolates, early identification of these resistant isolates and their follow-up is essential to prevent further outbreaks. It is also important to use appropriate therapeutic strategies and proper and rational administration of antibiotics by physicians.Key Words: Antibiotic Resistance, ESBLs, K. pneumoniae, Urinary Tract Infection 相似文献
9.
《Revista iberoamericana de micología》2016,33(1):43-47
BackgroundIn Chile, the peony is the most important ornamental flower exported from the country. Gray mould is a phytopathological problem of this crop. This disease is caused by Botrytis cinerea and Botrytis paeoniae.AimsWe carried out the first survey of Botrytis species associated with peony gray mould in Southern Chile to estimate the diversity of these pathogens.MethodsDiseased peony leaves were collected from seven locations in Southern Chile covering a distance of 300 km. The Botrytis isolates obtained were studied by morphological and molecular methods. Finally, a PCR assay using primers based on the necrosis and ethylene-inducing protein gene (nep1) was used to specifically identify B. paeoniae.ResultsSeventeen isolates belonging to Botrytis genus were obtained, and all of them were pathogenic to peonies when inoculated in plants grown in a greenhouse. Morphological analyses showed that four isolates shared common characteristics, which distinguish them from the rest. Homology and phylogenetic analysis of G3PDH, as well as determination of the Bc-hch allele, allowed us to identify 12 isolates as B. cinerea, 4 as B. paeoniae and one isolate as Botrytis pseudocinerea. The PCR assay was found to be specific to B. paeoniae, amplifying a single band of 470 bp.ConclusionsThree Botrytis species involved in peony gray mould disease are present in Chile. This is the first time that both B. paeoniae and B. pseudocinerea have been reported to be present in the country and also that they affect peonies. Finally, to our knowledge, the PCR based method herein described is the first of its kind to be used to identify B. paeoniae. 相似文献
10.
Muhammad Asif Rasheed Muhammad Awais Adil Aldhahrani Fayez Althobaiti Alaa Alhazmi Sobia Sattar Umara Afzal Hosam Ali Baeshen Hesham Ali El Enshasy Daniel Joe Dailin Ameena A. AL-surhanee Faryal Kabir 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2021,28(9):4859-4866
ObjectiveSerious non-gastrointestinal-tract infections and food poisoning are caused by Bacillus cereus. Vaccination against B. cereus is very important. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze B and T cell epitopes for chromate transporter protein of the bacteria.MethodsMultiple sequence alignment with the Clustal Omega method was used to identify conserved regions and Geneious Prime was used to produce a consensus sequence. T and B cell epitopes were predicted by various computational tools from the NetCTL and Immune Epitope Database (IEDB), respectively.ResultsAltogether, 6 HTL cells and 11 CTL epitopes were predicted. This vaccine's molecular docking is done with Patch Dock and LigPlot to verify interactions. The immune server (C-IMMSIM) was used to develop In silico immune response in order to assess the multi-epitope vaccine's immunogenic profile.ConclusionWe designed universal vaccine against B. cereus responsible for food poisoning. The disease may be avoided with the aid of the proposed epitope-based vaccine. 相似文献
11.
Aslihan Ekim Kocabey Gerhard Rödel Uta Gey 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2021,1865(2):129781
BackgroundBesides their role in copper metabolism, Sco proteins from different organisms have been shown to play a defensive role against oxidative stress. In the present study, we set out to identify crucial amino acid residues for the antioxidant activity.MethodsNative and mutated Sco proteins from human, Arabidopsis thaliana and the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis were expressed in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The oxidative stress resistance of the respective transformants was determined by growth and lipid peroxidation assays.ResultsA functionally important site, located 15 amino acids downstream of the well-conserved copper binding CxxxC motif, was identified. Mutational analysis revealed that a positive charge at this position has a detrimental effect on the antioxidant capacity. Bioinformatic analysis predicts that this site is surface-exposed, and according to Co-IP data it is required for binding of proteins that are connected to known antioxidant pathways.ConclusionThis study shows that the antioxidant capacity of eukaryotic Sco proteins is conserved and depends on the presence of functional site(s) rather than the extent of overall sequence homology.General significanceThese findings provide an insight into the conserved functional sites of eukaryotic Sco proteins that are crucial for combating oxidative stress. This capacity is probably not due to an enzymatic activity but rather is indirectly mediated by interaction with other proteins. 相似文献
12.
Analía Fernandez Fernanda Landaburu Gabriela Lopez-Daneri Claudia Nagel Patricia Di Giorgio Cristina Iovannitti Marta Tokumoto Maria Teresa Mujica 《Revista iberoamericana de micología》2012,29(4):245-248
BackgroundCoccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection caused by Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii. It can be particularly severe in transplant recipients that have a current or a previous coccidioidal infection. Fatal case of coccidioidomycosis has been described in this group of patients.AimsWe report a severe case of pneumonia caused by C. posadassi in a 29 year-old white woman that had been admitted to hospital as part of the evaluation for bilateral lung transplantation. The patient was a native and resident of Catamarca, Argentina. Molecular methodologies contributed to the species identification.MethodsClinical, laboratory records and microbiological tests were carried out to diagnose the infection and to identify C. posadasii.ResultsA fungus was isolated from BAL culture. Phenotypic characterization, specific PCR and experimental animal inoculation demonstrated the presence of C. posadasii. The patient responded well to amphotericin B deoxycholate. Lung transplantation was postponed.ConclusionsSpecific PCR can be an important alternative for the correct identification of C. immitis or C. posadasii in laboratories with implemented molecular biology tools. This case emphasizes the need for a systematic assessment in organ transplant units of patients inhabiting endemic areas of coccidioidomycosis. 相似文献
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《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2020,1864(9):129637
BackgroundC-mannosylation is the one of glycosylations. Microfibril-associated glycoprotein 4 (MFAP4), an important protein for tissue homeostasis and cell adhesion, contains a consensus sequence of C-mannosylation in its fibrinogen C-terminal domain. In this study, we sought to demonstrate that fibrinogen C-terminal domain is a new substrate domain for C-mannosylation.MethodsWe established an MFAP4-overexpresssing HT1080 cell line and purified recombinant MFAP4 protein from the conditioned medium for LC-MS/MS analysis. Subcellular localization of MFAP4 was observed under confocal fluorescence microscope.ResultsWe found that MFAP4 is C-mannosylated at Trp235 in the fibrinogen C-terminal domain by LC-MS/MS. To determine the functions of the C-mannosylation of MFAP4, we established a C-mannosylation-defective mutant MFAP4-overexpresssing HT1080 cell line and measured its secretion of MFAP4. The secretion of MFAP4 decreased significantly in the C-mannosylation-defective mutant MFAP4-overexpresssing cell line versus wild-type cells. Moreover, co-transfection experiments indicated that C-mannosylated MFAP4 accelerated its secretion.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that the fibrinogen C-terminal domain is a novel C-mannosylation domain and that the C-mannosylation of MFAP4 is important for its secretion.General significanceThese results suggest that C-mannosylation has a role for dominant effect for MFAP4 secretion. 相似文献
15.
Background and AimsPlant reproductive traits are widely understood to be responsive to the selective pressures exerted by pollinators, but there is also increasing evidence for an important role for antagonists such as herbivores in shaping these traits. Many dioecious species show leaky sex expression, with males and females occasionally producing flowers of the opposite sex. Here, we asked to what extent leakiness in sex expression in Mercurialis annua (Euphorbiaceae) might also be plastically responsive to simulated herbivory. This is important because enhanced leakiness in dioecious populations could lead to a shift in both the mating system and in the conditions for transitions between combined and separate sexes.MethodsWe examined the effect of simulated herbivory on the sexual expression of males and females of M. annua in two experiments in which different levels of simulated herbivory led to enhanced leakiness in both sexes.Key ResultsWe showed that leaky sex expression in both males and females of the wind-pollinated dioecious herb M. annua is enhanced in response to simulated herbivory, increasing the probability for and the degree of leakiness in both sexes. We also found that leakiness was greater in larger females but not in larger males.ConclusionsWe discuss hypotheses for a possible functional link between herbivory and leaky sex expression, and consider what simulated herbivory-induced leakiness might imply for the evolutionary ecology of plant reproductive systems, especially the breakdown of dioecy and the evolution of hermaphroditism. 相似文献
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《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2020,1864(10):129679
BackgroundHyaluronan (HA) is a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and is involved in many cellular functions. In the adult brain, HA forms macromolecular aggregates around synapses and plays important roles in neural plasticity. In contrast to the well-characterized function of HA in the adult brain, its roles in the developing brain remain largely unknown.MethodsBiochemical and histochemical analyses were performed to analyze the amount, solubility, and localization of HA in the developing mouse brain. By combining in utero labeling, cell isolation, and in vitro cultures, we examined the expression of hyaluronan synthase (HAS) and morphological maturation of cortical neurons.ResultsThe amount of HA increased during perinatal development and decreased in the adult. HA existed as a soluble form in the early stages; however, its solubility markedly decreased during postnatal development. HA localized in cell-sparse regions in the embryonic stages, but was broadly distributed during the postnatal development of the cerebral cortex. Developing cortical neurons expressed both Has2 and Has3, but not Has1, suggesting the autonomous production of HA by neurons themselves. HA formed a pericellular matrix around the cell bodies and neurites of developing cortical neurons, and the inhibition of HA synthesis reduced neurite outgrowth.ConclusionThe formation of the pericellular HA matrix is essential for the proper morphological maturation of developing neurons.General significanceThis study provides new insights into the roles of hyaluronan in the brain.development. 相似文献
19.
Marcelo Corti Rubén Solari Luis De Carolis Diana Cangelosi Alicia Arechavala Ricardo Negroni 《Revista iberoamericana de micología》2013,30(2):122-124
BackgroundCandida parapsilosis is an important species in the genus Candida that plays a significant role in hospitalized patients with nosocomial infections. In patients with HIV infection or AIDS, central nervous system involvement by Candida species is exceptional.Case reportHere we report a case of an acute meningoencephalitis due to C. parapsilosis in an adult patient with AIDS. We describe the clinical manifestations, the diagnosis methods, antifungal therapy and outcome.ConclusionsC. parapsilosis is uncommonly reported as a cause of meningitis in AIDS patients. A higher index of suspicion and culture is necessary to confirm the diagnosis of candidal meningoencephalitis. 相似文献
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《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2017,1861(10):2462-2472
BackgroundO-mannosyl glycans have been found in a limited number of glycoproteins of the brain, nerves, and skeletal muscles, particularly in α-dystroglycan (α-DG). Defects in O-mannosyl glycan on α-DG are the primary cause of a group of congenital muscular dystrophies, which are collectively termed α-dystroglycanopathy. Recent studies have revealed various O-mannosyl glycan structures, which can be classified as core M1, core M2, and core M3 glycans. Although many dystroglycanopathy genes are involved in core M3 processing, the structure and biosynthesis of core M3 glycan remains only partially understood.Scope of reviewThis review presents recent findings about the structure, biosynthesis, and pathology of O-mannosyl glycans.Major conclusionsRecent studies have revealed that the entire structure of core M3 glycan, including ribitol-5-phosphate, is a novel structure in mammals; its unique biosynthetic pathway has been elucidated by the identification of new causative genes for α-dystroglycanopathies and their functions.General significanceO-mannosyl glycan has a novel, unique structure that is important for the maintenance of brain and muscle functions. These findings have opened up a new field in glycoscience. These studies will further contribute to the understanding of the pathomechanism of α-dystroglycanopathy and the development of glycotherapeutics. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Neuro-glycoscience, edited by Kenji Kadomatsu and Hiroshi Kitagawa. 相似文献