显齿蛇葡萄（藤茶）化学成分研究

从显齿蛇针萄的乙酸乙酯提取中分离得到９个化合物,经波谱分析,化学分析及与已知化事物对照,分别鉴定为;棕榈酸（１）,β－谷甾醇（２）,大黄素（３）,没食子酸甲酯（４）,槲皮素（５）,槲皮素－３－０－β－Ｄ葡萄糖甙（６）,花旗松素（７）,洋芹菜（８）和蛇葡萄素（９）。９个化合物无为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

假朝天罐的化学成分研究

从假朝天罐（Ｏｓｂｅｃｋｉａ ｃｒｉｎｉｔａ Ｂｅｎｔｈ．）的地上部分分离得到六个化合物,β－谷甾醇、熊果要到、胡萝卜甙、槲皮素－３－鼠李糖甙、槲皮素－３－葡萄糖甙、槲皮素,均是首次从扣坡素－３－鼠李糖甙是首次从该属植物中获得。     

青檀树皮中的化学成分

从我国特有的单种属药用植物青檀（Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim.）的树皮中分离鉴定出10个化合物,其结构分别为：N－p－香豆酰酪胺（paprazine,1）、丁香脂酚－4－O－β－D－葡萄糖甙（2）、丁香脂酚－4,4′－二－O－β－D－葡萄糖甙（liriodendrin,3）、甲基丁二酸（4）,香草酸（5）、甲基肌醇（6）、β－谷甾醇（7）、胡萝卜甙（8）、α－香树素（9）和β－香树素混合物（10）。这些化合物均为首次从青檀树皮中分离得到,其中化合物3为主要成分。     

蜡菊花的化学成分研究

从菊科植物蜡菊(Helichrysum bracteatumVent)花的乙醇提取物中分离出11个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为subscandenin(1),江户樱花苷(2),圣草素5-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(3),pyracanthoside(4),槲皮素(5),木犀草素(6),柯伊利素(7),异荭草素(8),咖啡酸(9),piperitol(10),4-hydroxymethyl-1-methoxycarbonylazulene(11)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

幌伞枫叶的化学成分研究

为了解幌伞枫(Heteropanax fragrans)的药理活性化学基础,从其叶的乙醇提取物中分离得到8个化合物,经波谱分析分别鉴定为:(7S,8R)-蛇菰脂醛素-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、4β,10α-香木兰烷二醇(2)、原儿茶酸(3)、3′-甲氧基-槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(7)和山柰酚-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(8)。这8个化合物均为首次从幌伞枫中分离得到。     

怒茶素--怒江山茶的一个新黄酮甙

用葡聚糖凝胶和树脂层析技术从云南省昆明地区产怒江山茶（Ｃａｍｅｌｌｉａ ｓａｌｕｅｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｓｔａｐｆ ｅｘ Ｂｅａｎ）的鲜叶中分离到１１个酚类化合物,其中１０个分别鉴定为已知的槲皮素类黄酮化合物及原花色素类化合物。另１个为新的黄酮甙,经光谱与化学方法测定,其化学结构为槲皮素－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－木吡喃糖基（１→２）－α－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→６）－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙,命名为怒茶素。     

水团花黄酮类成分及其体外抗病毒活性

从水团花乙醇提物的乙酸乙酯部位分离到6个黄酮类化合物,根据光谱数据分别鉴定为柚皮素（1）、圣草酚（2）、槲皮素（3）、柚皮素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（4）、圣草酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（5）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）,化合物1、2,4和5为首次从该植物中分离得到。采用细胞病变抑制法（CPEr eductionassay）和MTT法测定化合物的体外抗病毒活性,结果显示,三个黄酮苷元1、2和3均具有不同程度的体外抑制呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和柯萨奇B3型病毒（CVB3）活性,反之,3个黄酮苷均不显示活性。     

樱草杜鹃中的黄酮类化合物

从樱草杜鹃（Rhododendron primulaeflorum）地上部分的乙醇提取物中分离得到10个黄酮类化合物,经理化性质及波谱分析,鉴定为杜鹃素（1）、4’,5,7-三羟基-8-甲基黄烷酮（2）、二氢山柰酚（3）、异鼠李素（4）、槲皮素（5）、陆地棉苷（6）、瑞诺苷（7）、（2R,3R）－花旗松素-3—O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（8）、（2R,3S）-花旗松素-3—O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（9）、（2S,3R）－花旗松素－3－O－α－L－吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（10）。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分得。     

广东蛇葡萄的化学成分研究

从广东蛇葡萄(Ampelopsis cantoniensis)藤茎的乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分离得到13个化合物,经波谱技术鉴定为:白藜芦醇(1)、5,7-二羟基香豆素(2)、山奈酚(3)、二氢木犀草素(4)、槲皮素(5)、二氢槲皮素(6)、没食子酸(7)、杨梅素(8)、二氢杨梅素(9)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(10)、杨梅素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(11)、山奈酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(12)、表儿茶素-3-O-没食子酸酯(13)。除化合物8和9,其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

苦荞粉中的化学成分

从荞麦属植物苦荞（Fagopyrum tataricum）的籽粒面粉中分离鉴定出9个化合物,其结构分别为：β-谷甾醇棕榈酸酯（1）,β-谷甾醇（2）,豆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮（3）,胡萝卜甙（4）,尿嘧啶（5）,山萘酚-3-O-芸香糖甙（6）,芦丁（7）,山奈酚（8）和槲皮素（9）。除芦丁和槲皮素外,其余化合物均为首次从苦荞粉中分离得到。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细