MicroRNAs in Common Human Diseases

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNA molecules that have attracted tremendous attention from the biological and biomedical research communities over the past decade. With over 1900 miRNAs discovered in humans to date, many of them have already been implicated in common human disorders. Facilitated by high-throughput genomics and bioinformatics in conjunction with traditional molecular biology techniques and animal models, miRNA research is now positioned to make the transition from laboratories to clinics to deliver profound benefits to public health. Herein, we overview the progress of miRNA research related to human diseases, as well as the potential for miRNA to becoming the next generation of diagnostics and therapeutics.     

Common and Uncommon Pathogenic Cascades in Lysosomal Storage Diseases

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), of which about 50 are known, are caused by the defective activity of lysosomal proteins, resulting in accumulation of unmetabolized substrates. As a result, a variety of pathogenic cascades are activated such as altered calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation, altered lipid trafficking, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autoimmune responses. Some of these pathways are common to many LSDs, whereas others are only altered in a subset of LSDs. We now review how these cascades impact upon LSD pathology and suggest how intervention in the pathways may lead to novel therapeutic approaches.     

胃肠内营养现状及其在消化疾病中的应用

目的：了解胃肠内营养现状及其在消化疾病中的应用。方法：归纳、分析近年国外有关胃肠内营养及在消化疾病中应用的文献。结果：综述了有关不同胃肠内营养途径特点、置管方法、给饲方式以及营养配方选择的新观点,介绍了胃肠内营养在急性胰腺炎、蛋白丢失性肠病以及炎症性肠病等需要特殊营养支持的常见消化性疾病中的应用。结论：胃肠内营养是重症患者以及慢性肠道疾病患者接受营养支持的重要手段,在许多方面优于肠外营养。     

Heredity in poultry

Ohne Zusammenfassung

---

Heredity in poultry