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1.
Zhaofei Wang Qiang Fu Jianguo Cao Xiyun Deng Yue Li Qiaofeng Wang Zhaofen Zheng 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(7):1073-1079
Objectives
To evaluate the transduction efficiency of human umbilical cord-derived, late endothelial progenitor cells late (HUCB-late EPCs) with nine recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) serotypes and the ability of proliferation and migration of the cells after transduction.Results
rAAV2 and rAAV6 showed a greater ability than other serotypes to transduce late EPCs (P < 0.05). After transduction, cell proliferation ability weakened (P < 0.05), but the ability of migration to stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1) unchanged.Conclusion
There is an advantage of choosing the optimal rAAV serotype as a gene vector to alter the biologic characteristics of late EPCs.2.
Maryam Pajoohesh Hossein Naderi-Manesh Masoud Soleimani 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(11):1975-1981
Objectives
To investigate the role of microRNA-145, that regulates gene expression of genes related to differentiation, proliferation and the phenotype of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), in the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) to SMCs.Results
Real-time PCR analysis indicated significant upregulation of SMC markers, including SM-α-actin, calponin, caldesmon and SMMHC, in SMCs compared to hBM-MSCs. Conversely, Krüppel-like factor 4, the direct target of microRNA-145 and the suppressor of smooth muscle differentiation, was suppressed in hBM-MSC-derived SMCs. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry also confirmed that the introduction of microRNA-145 into hBM-MSCs induced mature contractile SMCs. The functionality of hBM-MSC-derived SMCs was assessed by proliferation assay using PDGF-BB and contractility assay using carbachol. The results showed that the produced SMCs contracted in response to carbachol stimulation.Conclusion
Overexpression of microRNA-145 in undifferentiated hBM-MSCs results in functionally mature contractile SMCs that can be used in drug discovery and cell therapy in SMC disorders such as vascular disease.3.
Caroline Muschet Gabriele Möller Cornelia Prehn Martin Hrabě de Angelis Jerzy Adamski Janina Tokarz 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(10):151
Introduction
Although cultured cells are nowadays regularly analyzed by metabolomics technologies, some issues in study setup and data processing are still not resolved to complete satisfaction: a suitable harvesting method for adherent cells, a fast and robust method for data normalization, and the proof that metabolite levels can be normalized to cell number.Objectives
We intended to develop a fast method for normalization of cell culture metabolomics samples, to analyze how metabolite levels correlate with cell numbers, and to elucidate the impact of the kind of harvesting on measured metabolite profiles.Methods
We cultured four different human cell lines and used them to develop a fluorescence-based method for DNA quantification. Further, we assessed the correlation between metabolite levels and cell numbers and focused on the impact of the harvesting method (scraping or trypsinization) on the metabolite profile.Results
We developed a fast, sensitive and robust fluorescence-based method for DNA quantification showing excellent linear correlation between fluorescence intensities and cell numbers for all cell lines. Furthermore, 82–97 % of the measured intracellular metabolites displayed linear correlation between metabolite concentrations and cell numbers. We observed differences in amino acids, biogenic amines, and lipid levels between trypsinized and scraped cells.Conclusion
We offer a fast, robust, and validated normalization method for cell culture metabolomics samples and demonstrate the eligibility of the normalization of metabolomics data to the cell number. We show a cell line and metabolite-specific impact of the harvesting method on metabolite concentrations.4.
Background
The placenta is recognized as an endocrine organ, largely due to its secretions of steroid hormones, including progesterone, androgens, and estrogens. Steroid hormones play an essential role in the progression of pregnancy, fetal development, and growth. Furthermore, steroids are necessary for establishment and maintenance of a normal pregnancy, preparing the endometrium for implantation, stimulating endometrial secretions, and regulating uterine blood flow, however the exact mechanism of sex steroid signaling through their receptors in placental function is unknown.Objective
In this review, we will provide an overview of the current knowledge on sex steroid receptors in normal placental development, as well as evidence of abnormal signaling associated with placental dysfunction.Methods
A systematic literature search was performed using the NCBI PubMed search engine, including the following key works: estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, placenta, placental development, cytotrophoblast, and differentiation.Results
Of the over 700 articles that were returned, 125 studies focused on estrogen and androgen receptors in human placenta development and function during normal and abnormal pregnancy, as well as in rodents and ruminants placentae.Conclusion
Receptors for both estrogens and androgens have been localized within the mammalian placenta, but surprisingly little is known about their signaling in trophoblast cell differentiation and function. An emerging picture is developing in which estrogen receptors possibly play role in cytotrophoblast proliferation and extravillous trophoblast invasion, whereas androgen receptors are involved in syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and function.5.
Dongping Mo Daheng Yang Xuelian Xiao Ruihong Sun Lei Huang Jian Xu 《Biotechnology letters》2017,39(5):701-710
Objective
To investigate the roles of miR-145 in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and to clarify the regulation of N-cadherin by miR-145.Results
In 57 paired clinical LAC tissues, diminished miR-145 was significantly correlated with the lymph node metastasis and was negatively correlated with N-cadherin mRNA level expression. Wound healing and transwell assays revealed a reduced capability of tumor metastasis induced by miR-145 in LAC. miR-145 negatively regulated the invasion of cell lines through targeting N-cadherin by directly binding to its 3′-untranslated region. Silencing of N-cadherin inhibited invasion and migration of LAC cell lines similar to miR-145 overexpression.Conclusions
MiR-145 could inhibit invasion and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines by directly targeting N-cadherin.6.
Joon-Geun Ha Young Seok Song Sunghwan Jung Soohwan Jang Yong-Kweon Kim Seoung Jai Bai Jae-Hyoung Park Seung-Ki Lee 《Biotechnology letters》2017,39(6):849-855
Objective
To fabricate a novel microbial photobioelectrochemical cell using silicon microfabrication techniques.Results
High-density photosynthetic cells were immobilized in a microfluidic chamber, and ultra-microelectrodes in a microtip array were inserted into the cytosolic space of the cells to directly harvest photosynthetic electrons. In this way, the microbial photobioelectrochemical cell operated without the aid of electron mediators. Both short circuit current and open circuit voltage of the microbial photobioelectrochemical cell responded to light stimuli, and recorded as high as 250 pA and 45 mV, respectively.Conclusion
A microbial photobioelectrochemical cell was fabricated with potential use in next-generation photosynthesis-based solar cells and sensors.7.
Background
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) contributes to bone formation by stimulating bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) proliferation and differentiation. However, the proliferative and apoptotic effects of CGRP on bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have not been investigated.Methods
We tested the effects of CGRP on EPC proliferation and apoptosis by Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, and studied the effects of CGRP on the expression of proliferation- and apoptosis-related markers in EPCs and the underlying mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.Results
We detected EPC markers (CD34, CD133 and VEGFR-2) in 7-day cultures and found that CGRP (10??10–10??12 M) promoted the proliferation of cultured EPCs, with a peak increase of 30% at 10??10 M CGRP. CGRP also upregulated the expression of proliferation-associated genes, including cyclin D1 and cyclin E, and increased the percentages of G2/M-phase and S-phase cells after incubation 72 h. CGRP inhibited serum deprivation (SD)-induced apoptosis in EPCs after 24 and 48 h and downregulated the expression of apoptosis-related genes, including caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and Bax. Phosphorylated (p-)ERK1/2, p-p38 and p-JNK protein levels in EPCs treated with CGRP were significantly lower than those in untreated EPCs. Pre-treatment with the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) antagonist CGRP8–37 or a MAPK pathway inhibitor (PD98059, SB203580 or SP600125) completely or partially reversed the pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects and the reduced p-ERK1/2, p-p38 and p-JNK expression induced by CGRP.Conclusion
Our results show that CGRP exerts pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects on EPCs and may act by inhibiting MAPK pathways.8.
Background
In recent years the visualization of biomagnetic measurement data by so-called pseudo current density maps or Hosaka-Cohen (HC) transformations became popular.Methods
The physical basis of these intuitive maps is clarified by means of analytically solvable problems.Results
Examples in magnetocardiography, magnetoencephalography and magnetoneurography demonstrate the usefulness of this method.Conclusion
Hardware realizations of the HC-transformation and some similar transformations are discussed which could advantageously support cross-platform comparability of biomagnetic measurements.9.
10.
Background
Weaning stress affects the small intestine of piglets. MiR-146b is differentially expressed in suckling and weaned piglets. In this study, we evaluated the effects of miR-146b on cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis in IPEC-J2 cells.Results
Transfection with miR-146b mimics successfully increased miR-146b levels by 1000× (P?<?0.001). The over-expression of miR-146b significantly promoted the apoptosis (P?<?0.01) of IPEC-J2 cells, with no significant effects on cell viability or proliferation. MiR-146b suppressed the luciferase activity of the miR-TLR4-wt by 57% compared with the negative control, while mutation of the miR-146b binding site significantly blocked the suppressive effect (P?<?0.05). Western blot results showed that TLR4 levels decreased in IPEC-J2 cells transfected with miR-146b mimics (P?<?0.05).Conclusions
The over-expression of miR-146b promotes IPEC-J2 cell apoptosis. TLR4 is a direct target of miR-146b in IPEC-J2 cells.Reviewers
This article was reviewed by Eugene Berezikov and Jan B Hoek.11.
N. Cesbron A.-L. Royer Y. Guitton A. Sydor B. Le Bizec G. Dervilly-Pinel 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(8):99
Introduction
Collecting feces is easy. It offers direct outcome to endogenous and microbial metabolites.Objectives
In a context of lack of consensus about fecal sample preparation, especially in animal species, we developed a robust protocol allowing untargeted LC-HRMS fingerprinting.Methods
The conditions of extraction (quantity, preparation, solvents, dilutions) were investigated in bovine feces.Results
A rapid and simple protocol involving feces extraction with methanol (1/3, M/V) followed by centrifugation and a step filtration (10 kDa) was developed.Conclusion
The workflow generated repeatable and informative fingerprints for robust metabolome characterization.12.
Objectives
Adult stem cells (ASCs) have great potential for tissue regeneration; however, comparative studies of ASCs from different niches are required to understand the characteristics of each population for their potential therapeutic uses.Results
We compared the proliferation, stem cell marker expression, and differentiation potential of ASCs from bone marrow, skin dermis, and adipose tissue. ASCs from bone marrow and skin dermis showed 50–100 % increased proliferation in comparison to the ASCs from adipose tissues. Furthermore, ASCs from each stem cell niche showed differential expression of stem cell marker genes, and preferentially differentiated into cell types of their tissue of origin.Conclusion
Different characters of each ASC might be major factors for their effective use for therapeutics and tissue regeneration.13.
Karimeh Haghani Pouyan Asadi Gholamreza Taheripak Ali Noori-Zadeh Shahram Darabi Salar Bakhtiyari 《生物学前沿》2018,13(6):406-417
Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, and its prevalence continues to increase globally. The impact of mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism on diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (IR) has been implicated in several previous reports; however, the results of studies are confusing despite four decades of study.Methods/Results
This review has evaluated updated understanding of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism on type 2 diabetes, and found that mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism disorder induce the dysregulation of liver and pancreatic beta cells, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.Conclusion
Mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism induce metabolic dysregulation and finally increasing the possibility of diabetes.14.
Asghar Abdoli Hoorieh Soleimanjahi Abbas Jamali Parvaneh Mehrbod Shima Gholami Zahra Kianmehr Neda Feizi Maryam Saleh Fariborz Bahrami Talat Mokhtari-Azad Mohsen Abdoli Masoumeh Tavassoti Kheiri 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(6):941-948
Objectives
To evaluate MDCK and MDCK-SIAT1 cell lines for their ability to produce the yield of influenza virus in different Multiplicities of Infection.Results
Yields obtained for influenza virus H1N1 grown in MDCK-SIAT1 cell was almost the same as MDCK; however, H3N2 virus grown in MDCK-SIAT1 had lower viral titers in comparison with MDCK cells. The optimized MOIs to infect the cells on plates and microcarrier were selected 0.01 and 0.1 for H1N1 and 0.001 and 0.01 for H3N2, respectively.Conclusions
MDCK-SIAT1 cells may be considered as an alternative mean to manufacture cell-based flu vaccine, especially for the human strains (H1N1), due to its antigenic stability and high titer of influenza virus production.15.
Amir Abdoli 《生物学前沿》2017,12(6):387-391
Background
Inflammatory conditions are involved in the pathophysiology of cancer. Recent findings have revealed that excessive salt and fat intake is involved in the development of severe inflammatory reactions.Methods
literature search was performed on various online databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar) regarding the roles of high salt and fat intake in the induction of inflammatory reactions and their roles in the etiopathogenesis of cancer.Results
The results indicate that high salt and fat intake can induce severe inflammatory conditions. However, various inflammatory conditions have been strongly linked to the development of cancer. Hence, high salt and fat intake might be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer progression via putative mechanisms related to inflammatory reactions.Conclusion
Reducing salt and fat intake may decrease the risk of cancer.16.
Marta R. Hidalgo Alicia Amadoz Cankut Çubuk José Carbonell-Caballero Joaquín Dopazo 《Biology direct》2018,13(1):16
Background
Despite the progress in neuroblastoma therapies the mortality of high-risk patients is still high (40–50%) and the molecular basis of the disease remains poorly known. Recently, a mathematical model was used to demonstrate that the network regulating stress signaling by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway played a crucial role in survival of patients with neuroblastoma irrespective of their MYCN amplification status. This demonstrates the enormous potential of computational models of biological modules for the discovery of underlying molecular mechanisms of diseases.Results
Since signaling is known to be highly relevant in cancer, we have used a computational model of the whole cell signaling network to understand the molecular determinants of bad prognostic in neuroblastoma. Our model produced a comprehensive view of the molecular mechanisms of neuroblastoma tumorigenesis and progression.Conclusion
We have also shown how the activity of signaling circuits can be considered a reliable model-based prognostic biomarker.Reviewers
This article was reviewed by Tim Beissbarth, Wenzhong Xiao and Joanna Polanska. For the full reviews, please go to the Reviewers’ comments section.17.
Objective
To use HIV-1 based lentivirus components to produce gene integration and the formation of a stable cell line in the packaging cell line without viral infection.Results
A co-transfection of a Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) 293 packaging cell line with Gag–pol (GP) and a transfer vector, without the envelope vector, produces a stable cell line after 2 weeks of selection. Furthermore, a matrix protein deficient GP in the packaging vector enhances this integration. This supports that, in theory, unexported lentiviral cores produced within the packaging cell can infect itself without requiring the release of any lentiviral particles.Conclusion
If the packaging cell is also the target cell, then gene integration leading to a stable cell line can be accomplished without viral particle infection.18.
Background
Planar cell polarity (PCP) is a phenomenon in which epithelial cells are polarized along the plane of a tissue. PCP is critical for a variety of developmental processes and is regulated by a set of evolutionarily conserved PCP signaling proteins. Many of the PCP proteins adopt characteristic asymmetric localizations on the opposing cellular boundaries. Currently, the molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain this PCP asymmetry remain largely unclear. Newly synthesized integral PCP proteins are transported along the secretory transport pathway to the plasma membranes. Once delivered to the plasma membranes, PCP proteins undergo endocytosis. Recent studies reveal insights into the intracellular trafficking of PCP proteins, suggesting that intracellular trafficking of PCP proteins contributes to establishing the PCP asymmetry.Objective
To understand the intracellular trafficking of planar cell polarity proteins in the secretory transport pathway and endocytic transport pathway.Methods
This review summarizes our current understanding of the intracellular trafficking of PCP proteins. We highlights the molecular mechanisms that regulate sorting of PCP proteins into transport vesicles and how the intracellular trafficking process regulates the asymmetric localizations of PCP proteins.Results
Current studies reveal novel insights into the molecular mechanisms mediating intracellular trafficking of PCP proteins. This process is critical for delivering newly synthesized PCP proteins to their specific destinations, removing the unstable or mislocalized PCP proteins from the plasma membranes and preserving tissue polarity during proliferation of mammalian skin cells.Conclusion
Understanding how PCP proteins are delivered in the secretory and endocytic transport pathway will provide mechanistic insights into how the asymmetric localizations of PCP proteins are established and maintained.19.
Neil A Porter Helen L Anderson Saad Al-Dujaily 《International Seminars in Surgical Oncology : ISSO》2006,3(1):27
Background
Renal cell carcinoma is well known for its frequency to metastasise, particularly to lungs, liver, bones and brain. Metastasis to the skin is much less common. Presentation as a result of the skin lesion is even more unusual, with only 14 previously reported cases in the English literature. The majority of these cases have been reported in patients with recurrent disease or with other metastases.Case presentation
We present only the second case of non-recurrent renal cell carcinoma with a solitary cutaneous facial metastasis reported in the English literature.Conclusion
Clinicians should conduct a careful inspection of the skin in patients with renal cell carcinoma and also have a high index of suspicion of primary internal organ malignancy in patients presenting with a skin lesion.20.
Tafadzwa Chihanga Sarah M. Hausmann Shuisong Ni Michael A. Kennedy 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(3):28