共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Simon Roques Catherine Deborde Nadège Richard Luce Sergent Francis Kurz Sandrine Skiba-Cassy Benoît Fauconneau Annick Moing 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(12):155
Introduction
Fish feed formulations are constantly evolving to improve the quality of diets for farmed fish and to ensure the sustainability of the aquaculture sector. Nowadays, insect, microalgae and yeast are feedstuff candidates for new feeds. However, the characterization of aquafeed is still based on proximate and targeted analyses which may not be sufficient to assess feed quality.Objectives
Our aim was to highlight the soluble compounds that specifically differ between selected plant-based feeds complemented with alternative feedstuffs and discuss their origin and potential for fish nutrition.Methods
A growth trial was carried out to evaluate growth performances and feed conversion ratios of fish fed plant-based, commercial, insect, spirulina and yeast feeds. 1H NMR metabolomics profiling of each feed was performed using a CPMG sequence on polar extracts. Spectra were processed, and data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analyses to compare alternative feeds to a plant-based feed.Results
Fish fed insect or yeast feed showed the best growth performances associated with the lowest feed conversion ratios compared to plant-based feed. Soluble compound 1H NMR profiles of insect and spirulina alternative feeds differed significantly from the plant-based one that clustered with yeast feed. In insect and spirulina feeds, specific differences compared to plant-based feed concerned glycerol and 3-hydroxybutyrate, respectively.Conclusion
This strategy based on compositional differences between plant-based and alternative feeds can be useful for detecting compounds unsuspected until now that could impact fish metabolism.2.
Nadine Strehmel David Strunk Veronika Strehmel 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(11):135
Introduction
Aqueous–methanol mixtures have successfully been applied to extract a broad range of metabolites from plant tissue. However, a certain amount of material remains insoluble.Objectives
To enlarge the metabolic compendium, two ionic liquids were selected to extract the methanol insoluble part of trunk from Betula pendula.Methods
The extracted compounds were analyzed by LC/MS and GC/MS.Results
The results show that 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (IL-Ac) predominantly resulted in fatty acids, whereas 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tosylate (IL-Tos) mostly yielded phenolic structures. Interestingly, bark yielded more ionic liquid soluble metabolites compared to interior wood.Conclusion
From this one can conclude that the application of ionic liquids may expand the metabolic snapshot.3.
Gilbert P. Laffet Alexandre Genette Bastien Gamboa Virginie Auroy Johannes J. Voegel 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(5):69
Introduction
Ceramides play a key role in skin barrier function in homeostatic and pathological conditions and can be sampled non-invasively through stratum corneum collection.Objectives
To develop a novel UHPLC/Scheduled MRM method for the identification and relative distribution of eleven classes of ceramides, which are separated by UHPLC and determined by their specific retention times. The precise composition of the fatty acid and sphingoid base parts of each individual ceramide is determined via mass fragmentation.Methods
More than 1000 human and pig ceramides were identified. Three human and minipig ceramide classes, CER[AS], CER[NS] and CER[EOS] have been investigated in depth.Results
Sphingoid bases were characterized by a prevalence of chain lengths with sizes from C16 to C22, whereas fatty acids were mainly observed in the range of C22–C26. Overall, the ceramide profiles between human and minipig stratum corneum were similar. Differences in the CER[AS] and CER[NS] classes included a more homogeneous distribution of fatty acids (16–30 carbon atoms) in minipig, whereas in human longer fatty acid chains (>?24 carbon atoms) predominated.Conclusion
The method will be useful for the analysis of healthy and pathological skin in various specie, and the measurement of the relative distribution of ceramides as biomarkers for pharmacodynamic studies.4.
Panita Prathomya Wassana Prisingkorn Ivan Jakovlić Fang-Yu Deng Yu-Hua Zhao Wei-Min Wang 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(2):17
Introduction
High-fat and high-carbohydrate diets cause a number of metabolic disorders in mammals. However, little is known about metabolomic changes caused by dietary imbalances in fish.Objectives
The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of high-fat diet (HFD), high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) and high-fat-high-carbohydrate diet (HFHCD) on metabolites in a farmed cyprinid fish Megalobrama amblycephala.Methods
We have employed the 1H NMR-based metabolomic approach to measure the concentrations of metabolites in plasma and liver of four different diet groups: HFD, HCD, HFHCD and control. Multivariate statistical analyses were used to determine significantly changed metabolites between all group-pairs.Results
All three test diets have affected metabolic profiles, phenotypes and clinical chemistry. High-fat diets (HFD, HFHCD) resulted in a higher average weight than HCD, but high-carbohydrate diets (HCD, HFHCD) caused signs of liver damage. HCD has resulted in elevated metabolites in energy pathways, leading to further disturbances in creatine pathway. Excess of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism products in the HFHCD group appears to have caused “congestion” of the TCA cycle, causing a significant decline in the numbers of amino acids entering the cycle, which in turn resulted in elevated levels of seven amino acids in this group. Gut microbiota metabolites (TMA) exhibited a strong positive correlation with the carbohydrate content and a negative correlation with the fat content in diets.Conclusion
These results provide an important insight into the diet-affected metabolic disorders that often lead to financial losses in the aquaculture of Megalobrama amblycephala.Graphical Abstract
5.
Dagmara Głód 《Biotechnology letters》2017,39(5):767-773
Objective
To generate Candida antarctica lipase A (CAL-A) mutants with modified fatty acid selectivities and improved lipolytic activities using error-prone PCR (epPCR).Results
A Candida antarctica lipase A mutant was obtained in three rounds of epPCR. This mutant showed a 14 times higher ability to hydrolyze triacylglycerols containing conjugated linoleic acids, and was 12 and 14 times more selective towards cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 isomers respectively, compared to native lipase. Lipolytic activities towards fatty acid esters were markedly improved, in particular towards butyric, lauric, stearic and palmitic esters.Conclusion
Directed molecular evolution is an efficient method to generate lipases with desirable selectivity towards CLA isomers and improved lipolytic activities towards esters of fatty acids.6.
Miriam Reverter Marie-Aude Tribalat Thierry Pérez Olivier P. Thomas 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(9):114
Introduction
The study of natural variation of metabolites brings valuable information on the physiological state of the organisms as well as their phenotypic traits. In marine organisms, metabolome variability has mostly been addressed through targeted studies on metabolites of ecological or pharmaceutical interest. However, comparative metabolomics has demonstrated its potential to address the overall and complex metabolic variability of organisms.Objectives
In this study, the intraspecific (temporal and spatial) variability of two Mediterranean Haliclona sponges (H. fulva and H. mucosa) was investigated through an untargeted and then targeted metabolomics approach and further compared to their interspecific variability.Methods
Samples of both species were collected monthly during 1 year in the coralligenous habitat of the Northwestern Mediterranean sae at Marseille and Nice. Their metabolomic profiles were obtained by UHPLC-QqToF analyses.Results
Marked variations were noticed in April and May for both species including a decrease in Shannon’s diversity and concentration in specialized metabolites together with an increase in fatty acids and lyso-PAF like molecules. Spatial variations across different sampling sites could also be observed for both species, however in a lesser extent.Conclusions
Synchronous metabolic changes possibly triggered by physiological factors like reproduction and/or environmental factors like an increase in the water temperature were highlighted for both Mediterranean Haliclona species inhabiting close habitats but displaying different biosynthetic pathways. Despite significative intraspecific variations, metabolomic variability remains minor when compared to interspecific variations for these congenerous species, therefore suggesting the predominance of genetic information of the holobiont in the observed metabolome.7.
Objectives
To improve the quality of diesel fuel via removal of aromatic compounds using Pseudomonas sp.Results
In the present study Pseudomonas sp. was able to remove 94% of fluorene, 59% of phenanthrene, 49% of anthracene, 52% of fluoranthene, 45% of pyrene and 75% carbazole present in diesel oil. Additionally, it also does not affect the aliphatic content of fuel thus maintaining the carbon backbone of the fuel.Conclusions
Pseudomonas sp. is a potential biocatalyst that can be used in the refining industry.8.
Ivana Jarak Ludgero Tavares Mariana Palma João Rito Rui A. Carvalho Ivan Viegas 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(7):95
Introduction
Feed optimization is a key step to the environmental and economic sustainability of aquaculture, especially for carnivorous species. Plant-derived ingredients can contribute to reduce costs and nitrogenous effluents while sparing wild fish stocks. However, the metabolic use of carbohydrates from vegetable sources by carnivorous fish is still not completely understood.Objectives
We aimed to study the effects of diets with carbohydrates of different digestibilities, gelatinized starch (DS) and raw starch (RS), in the muscle metabolome of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax).Methods
We followed an NMR-metabolomics approach, using two sample preparation procedures, the intact muscle (HRMAS) and the aqueous muscle extracts (1H NMR), to compare the variations in muscle metabolome between the two diets.Results
In muscle, multivariate analysis revealed similar metabolome shifts for DS and RS diets, when compared with the control diet. HRMAS of intact muscle, which included both hydrophobic and hydrophilic metabolites, showed increased lipid in DS-fed fish by univariate analysis. Regardless of the nature of the starch, increased glycine and phenylalanine, and decreased proline were observed when compared to the Ctr diet. Combined univariate analysis of intact muscle and aqueous extracts indicated specific diet related changes in lipid and amino acid metabolism, consistent with increased dietary carbohydrate supplementation.Conclusions
Due to differential sample processing, outputs differ in detail but provide complementary information. After tracing nutritional alterations by profiling fillet components, DS seems to be the most promising alternative to fishmeal-based diets in aquaculture. This approach should be reproducible for other farmed fish species and provide valuable information on nutritional and organoleptic properties of the final product.9.
Samantha M. Carlisle Patrick J. Trainor Xinmin Yin Mark A. Doll Marcus W. Stepp J. Christopher States Xiang Zhang David W. Hein 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(7):111
Introduction
Human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) is a phase II xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme found in almost all tissues. Expression of NAT1 is elevated in several cancers including breast cancer. However, the exact mechanism by which NAT1 expression affects cancer risk and progression remains unclear.Objective
This study explored polar metabolome differences between MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells expressing varying levels of NAT1 activity using an untargeted approach.Methods
Three MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma cell lines that stably express wild-type, increased, and decreased levels of human NAT1 were investigated for differences in polar metabolic profile using a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF MS) system.Results
Increased levels of human NAT1 in the transformed cell lines resulted in a statistically significant decreased abundance of the metabolite palmitoleic acid (q = 0.0006), when compared to normal and decreased levels of human NAT1. The fatty acid synthesis pathway utilizes acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) in the first two reactions of the pathway and eventually leads to the synthesis of palmitoleic acid.Conclusion
These data suggest a link between increased levels of NAT1 activity and decreased flux of acetyl-CoA through this portion of the fatty acid synthesis pathway.10.
Linda M. Samuelsson Wayne Young Karl Fraser Gerald W. Tannock Julian Lee Nicole C. Roy 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(5):79
Introduction
Digestion resistant carbohydrates (DRC) are complex carbohydrates that resist digestion and absorption in the small bowel. Diets high in DRC can have wide ranging impacts on the health of the host, which include changes to immunity and allergy, incidence of cardiovascular disease, and obesity.Objectives
The aim of this study was to characterise the effects of DRC (inulin, konjac or resistant starch) on large intestinal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations and serum metabolite and lipid profiles.Methods
A rat model was used to compare the effects of feeding a basal diet or the basal diet containing 5 % inulin, konjac or resistant starch for 14 days.Results
Of the three DRC, inulin had the greatest effect; ten serum phospholipids differed significantly in abundance between inulin-treated and control rats. In particular phosphatidylcholines and lysophosphatidylcholines containing fatty acyl chains 22:5, 22:4, 20:4, 18:0 and 16:0 were increased in the inulin-fed group, whereas phosphocholines containing fatty acyls 20:5 and 22:6 were decreased.Conclusion
These results indicated an impact on both n-3 and n-6 fatty acid metabolism as a result of inulin dietary intake. Increased intestinal concentrations of SCFA were detected in rats fed DRC, but only inulin caused appreciable changes to serum lipid profiles.11.
Renato de Souza Pinto Lemgruber Kaspar Valgepea Mark P. Hodson Ryan Tappel Sean D. Simpson Michael Köpke Lars K. Nielsen Esteban Marcellin 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(3):35
Introduction
Quantification of tetrahydrofolates (THFs), important metabolites in the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway (WLP) of acetogens, is challenging given their sensitivity to oxygen.Objective
To develop a simple anaerobic protocol to enable reliable THFs quantification from bioreactors.Methods
Anaerobic cultures were mixed with anaerobic acetonitrile for extraction. Targeted LC–MS/MS was used for quantification.Results
Tetrahydrofolates can only be quantified if sampled anaerobically. THF levels showed a strong correlation to acetyl-CoA, the end product of the WLP.Conclusion
Our method is useful for relative quantification of THFs across different growth conditions. Absolute quantification of THFs requires the use of labelled standards.12.
Ruiyang Zhang Weiyun Zhu Linshu Jiang Shengyong Mao 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(6):74
Introduction
Currently, information on the comprehensive changes in the ruminal metabolites of dairy cows fed high-concentrate diet is limited.Objectives
This study aimed to compare the composition of whole-ruminal metabolites in dairy cows that were fed a low concentrate diet or a high concentrate diet using modern metabolome analysis.Methods
Cows were fed a low-concentrate diet (LC; 40% concentrate feeds, dry matter (DM) basis) or a high-concentrate diet (HC; 70% concentrate feeds, DM basis). GC/MS was used to analyze rumen fluid samples.Results
As compared with the LC group, HC diet significantly increased the concentration of bacterial degradation products (included xanthine, hypoxanthine, uracil, etc.), some toxic compounds (included lipopolysaccharide, biogenic amines, ethanolamine, etc.) and 15 amino acids (included alanine, leucine, glycine, etc.). The enrichment analysis of differentially expressed metabolites indicated that three pathways, including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; and valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, were significantly enriched after the diet treatments. Correlation network analysis revealed that HC diets altered the ruminal metabolic pattern, and the metabolites in the HC group were more complicated than those in the LC group. The correlations between ruminal metabolites and blood parameters were mainly centralized in the ruminal metabolites and albumin (40 metabolites), followed by globulin (18 metabolites) and total protein (6 metabolites).Conclusions
These findings revealed that HC feeding altered the concentrations of ruminal metabolites as well as the metabolic pattern, and the rumen metabolism could be reflected by blood metabolism to a certain degree.13.
Korey J. Brownstein Mahmoud Gargouri William R. Folk David R. Gang 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(11):133
Introduction
Botanicals containing iridoid and phenylethanoid/phenylpropanoid glycosides are used worldwide for the treatment of inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions that are primary causes of human years lived with disability, such as arthritis and lower back pain.Objectives
We report the analysis of candidate anti-inflammatory metabolites of several endemic Scrophularia species and Verbascum thapsus used medicinally by peoples of North America.Methods
Leaves, stems, and roots were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was performed in MetaboAnalyst 3.0 after processing the datasets in Progenesis QI.Results
Comparison of the datasets revealed significant and differential accumulation of iridoid and phenylethanoid/phenylpropanoid glycosides in the tissues of the endemic Scrophularia species and Verbascum thapsus.Conclusions
Our investigation identified several species of pharmacological interest as good sources for harpagoside and other important anti-inflammatory metabolites.14.
Background
The protein encoded by the gene ybgI was chosen as a target for a structural genomics project emphasizing the relation of protein structure to function.Results
The structure of the ybgI protein is a toroid composed of six polypeptide chains forming a trimer of dimers. Each polypeptide chain binds two metal ions on the inside of the toroid.Conclusion
The toroidal structure is comparable to that of some proteins that are involved in DNA metabolism. The di-nuclear metal site could imply that the specific function of this protein is as a hydrolase-oxidase enzyme.15.
Thijs Welle Anna T. Hoekstra Ineke A. J. J. M. Daemen Celia R. Berkers Matheus O. Costa 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(7):83
Introduction
Swine dysentery caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is a production limiting disease in pig farming. Currently antimicrobial therapy is the only treatment and control method available.Objective
The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolic response of porcine colon explants to infection by B. hyodysenteriae.Methods
Porcine colon explants exposed to B. hyodysenteriae were analyzed for histopathological, metabolic and pro-inflammatory gene expression changes.Results
Significant epithelial necrosis, increased levels of l-citrulline and IL-1α were observed on explants infected with B. hyodysenteriae.Conclusions
The spirochete induces necrosis in vitro likely through an inflammatory process mediated by IL-1α and NO.16.
Katie E. Hillyer Daniel Dias Adrian Lutz Ute Roessner Simon K. Davy 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(1):12
Introduction
Rising seawater temperatures are threatening the persistence of coral reefs; where above critical thresholds, thermal stress results in a breakdown of the coral-dinoflagellate symbiosis and the loss of algal symbionts (coral bleaching). As symbiont-derived organic products typically form a major portion of host energy budgets, this has major implications for the fitness and persistence of symbiotic corals.Objectives
We aimed to determine change in autotrophic carbon fate within individual compounds and downstream metabolic pathways in a coral symbiosis exposed to varying degrees of thermal stress and bleaching.Methods
We applied gas chromatography–mass spectrometry coupled to a stable isotope tracer (13C), to track change in autotrophic carbon fate, in symbiont and host individually, following exposure to elevated water temperature.Results
Thermal stress resulted in partner-specific changes in carbon fate, which progressed with heat stress duration. We detected modifications to carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism, lipogenesis, and homeostatic responses to thermal, oxidative and osmotic stress. Despite pronounced photodamage, remaining in hospite symbionts continued to produce organic products de novo and translocate to the coral host. However as bleaching progressed, we observed minimal 13C enrichment of symbiont long-chain fatty acids, also reflected in 13C enrichment of host fatty acid pools.Conclusion
These data have major implications for our understanding of coral symbiosis function during bleaching. Our findings suggest that during early stage bleaching, remaining symbionts continue to effectively translocate a variety of organic products to the host, however under prolonged thermal stress there is likely a reduction in the quality of these products.17.
Lei Peng Yan Zhao Huiying Wang Jiajiao Zhang Chengpan Song Xinxin Shangguan Lili Zhu Guangcun He 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(8):132
Introduction
The interactions between plants and insect herbivores are complex and multifaceted. Rice and its specialist insect pest the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) constitute an ideal system for studying plant–insect interactions.Objectives
Combined metabolomics analyses of rice plant and BPH were conducted to understand the mechanism of host rice plant defense and BPH insect response.Methods
Metabolite dynamics in rice leaf sheath and BPH honeydew was investigated using the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method. The GC–MS data were analyzed by principal component analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis.Results
Twenty-six metabolites were detected in the leaf sheath extracts. Rice leaf sheath metabolomics analysis results show that BPH feeding induces distinct changes in the metabolite profiles of YHY15 and TN1 plants. These results suggest that BPH infestation enhance fatty acid oxidation, the glyoxylate cycle, gluconeogenesis and the GABA shunt in TN1 plants, and glycolysis and the shikimate pathway in YHY15. We propose that the BPH15 gene mediates a resistance reaction that increases the synthesis of secondary metabolites through the shikimate pathway. Thirty-three metabolites were identified in BPH honeydew. Honeydew metabolomics analysis results show that when BPH insects were fed on resistant YHY15 plants, most of the amino acids in honeydew were significantly decreased compared to those of BPH fed on TN1 plants. Based on metabolomics results, we propose that BPH feeding on resistant YHY15 plants would enhance amino acid absorption. At the same time, urea was significantly increased in BPH fed on YHY15.Conclusion
Metabolomics study is valuable in understanding the complex and multifaceted interaction between plants and insect herbivores and provide essential clue for development of novel control BPH strategies.18.
Nicholas J. Bond Albert Koulman Julian L. Griffin Zoe Hall 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(11):128
Introduction
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) experiments result in complex multi-dimensional datasets, which require specialist data analysis tools.Objectives
We have developed massPix—an R package for analysing and interpreting data from MSI of lipids in tissue.Methods
massPix produces single ion images, performs multivariate statistics and provides putative lipid annotations based on accurate mass matching against generated lipid libraries.Results
Classification of tissue regions with high spectral similarly can be carried out by principal components analysis (PCA) or k-means clustering.Conclusion
massPix is an open-source tool for the analysis and statistical interpretation of MSI data, and is particularly useful for lipidomics applications.19.
Background
In recent years the visualization of biomagnetic measurement data by so-called pseudo current density maps or Hosaka-Cohen (HC) transformations became popular.Methods
The physical basis of these intuitive maps is clarified by means of analytically solvable problems.Results
Examples in magnetocardiography, magnetoencephalography and magnetoneurography demonstrate the usefulness of this method.Conclusion
Hardware realizations of the HC-transformation and some similar transformations are discussed which could advantageously support cross-platform comparability of biomagnetic measurements.20.
WenBin Xu Atsushi Iwasawa Masato Yayota 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(8):90