共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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【目的】对广西内陆水域的外来鱼类进行入侵风险评估和适生区预测,为广西外来鱼类入侵防治及水生态环境保护提供科学依据。【方法】采用鱼类入侵风险和水生生物入侵能力筛查系统2个体系筛选广西内陆水域具有入侵风险的鱼类,并用最大熵模型预测高入侵风险鱼类在广西内陆水域的潜在适生区。【结果】广西内陆水域共记录有外来鱼类18种,其中13种鱼类具有高入侵风险,分别为尖齿胡鲇、尼罗罗非鱼、莫桑比克罗非鱼、奥利亚罗非鱼、豹纹脂身鲇、齐氏罗非鱼、大口黑鲈、斑点叉尾鮰、短盖肥脂鲤、露斯塔野鲮、条纹鲮脂鲤、麦瑞加拉鲮和食蚊鱼,2种具有中入侵风险,为丁鱥和太湖新银鱼。适生区预测结果表明,极易发生鱼类入侵的水域为黔江、郁江和南流江。【结论】对中、高入侵风险的鱼类均需重点监控且在具有高入侵风险水域应对外来鱼类开展持续性监测,并进行早期筛查。 相似文献
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美国对入侵种的管理对策 总被引:53,自引:0,他引:53
外来种入侵是产生当前世界生物多样性危机的重要原因之一。目前外来种入侵问题已经引起人们的普遍关注。1999年2月美国联邦政府发布总统令,号召联邦政府机构执行人员防止外来入侵种所造成的严重环境威胁,指示有关职能部门行使职权阻止引入入侵种并且恢复本地种。总统令指示建立一个入侵物种理事会,并就理事会、联邦机构的职责做了相应界定。美国农业部等部门支持的入侵植物管理国家策略项目,提出了针对入侵种的三项国家目标一入侵种的预防、控制和本地种的恢复。国家管理策略的制定不同层次的人们提供了合作、教育和研究的机遇。美国政府部门以及有关社会团体已经就外来种入侵危害防范积极展开行动,包括制定标准防止入侵种进入,控制、根除入侵种,向民众进行有关外来种入侵的教育,增加财政年度预算等等。 相似文献
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福建桐山溪鱼类资源调查初报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2011年对福建东北部入海河流桐山溪中的鱼类资源进行了调查.结果表明,桐山溪有淡水及河口鱼类47种,隶属10目16科39属.鱼类组成以鲤形目为主,有3科25属27种,占总种数的57.4%;鲈形目有5科7属7种,占总种数的14.9%;鲀形目有1科1属3种,占总种数的6.4%;鳗鲡目、鲇形目和鲽形目各有1科1属2种,分别占总种数的4.3%;合鳃目、鲑形目、脂鲤目和雀鳝目各有1科1属1种,分别占总种数的2.1%.47种鱼类中,25种为常见种,占总种数的53.2%;花鳗鲡Anguilla marmorata和条纹小鲃Puntius semifasciolatus为稀有种,占总数的4.3%;短盖巨脂鲤Colossoma brachypomus和眼斑雀鳝Lepisosteus oculatus为外来种,占总数的4.3%;其余18种为偶见种,占总数的38.2%.花鳗鲡是国家二级重点保护野生动物,台湾名古屋吻鰕虎鱼Rhinogobius nagoyae formosanus为中国大陆的新纪录种. 相似文献
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为了解2008-2016年广州市外来入侵植物的变化,采用文献查阅和实地考察相结合的方式,近期对广州市外来入侵植物进行了调查。结果表明,2016年广州市外来入侵植物共有38科112属144种,比2008年分别增加了40.7%、89.8%和97.3%。新增加的71种植物主要有豆科(Fabaceae) 14种、菊科(Asteraceae) 13种、旋花科(Convolvulaceae) 6种、禾本科(Poaceae) 6种和茜草科(Rubiaceae) 5种。外来入侵植物主要来源于美洲(共104种),多为陆生草本植物。广州约一半以上的外来植物是通过人为有意引进,进而形成入侵的。恶意和严重入侵的植物种类约占入侵物种总数的40%,表明广州的城市森林生态系统已经面临着严重威胁。因此,需加强对广州市外来植物入侵动态的监测,提高对外来陆生草本植物引入危害风险的评估,并开展对外来入侵植物资源开发和利用的研究,以构建稳定的生态安全格局,保障绿色生态城市建设。 相似文献
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不速之客:林业外来有害生物 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14
结合与中美两国林业有关的重要外来入侵性病虫害实例,包括板栗疫病、荷兰榆树病、松材线虫、光肩星天牛、红脂大小蠹和舞毒蛾等,对外来有害生物的危害严重程度、发生途径和控制对策进行了讨论,提出了入侵种监测、评估、科学研究、国际合作和信息共享等方面的具体建议。 相似文献
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Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis
It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
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JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献
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肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV
RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV
RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV
RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV
X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV
C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细 相似文献
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H.-R. GREGORIUS 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1984,23(2-3):157-165
For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献