胃癌患者组织中16种微量元素含量的聚类分析

本文对胃癌部及癌旁正常组织中多达16种微量元素的含量进行了聚类分析,克服了有关报导中由于体内多种微量元素间的协同和拮抗作用产生的偏性甚至错误结果。为有关研究人员提供信息和方法,并为胃癌的早期诊断研究提供依据。     

猩红热各脏器功能损伤的临床及机理探讨

本文对我院两年来收治的3周岁以上普通型猩红热患儿50例进行了心电、肝功、尿常规、弹力蛋白酶、a-抗胰蛋白酶、纤维结合蛋白酶（Fn）的检测以及甲皱微循环的观察,其结果表明,心电异常的37例,肝功转氨酶升高的12例,尿常规改变的为22例,其中对31例患心进行了弹力蛋白酶的测定,表明急生期此酶明显升高,恢复期下降,Fn急性期下降,恢复期正常。由此证明了普通型猩红热也有心肝、肾等脏器功能的损伤,其发病机理除与传统的退行性中毒性改变有关外,还与白细胞的激活释放炎性介子引起炎症反应有关。     

种貉被毛微量元素的分析

采用低温干灰化法制备样品,ICP-AES同时分析毛皮动物貉被毛组织中多种微量元素.Ba、Be、Cd、Si、Y和Zn的测定下限为1.0～9.0 ng·g-1级,B、Fe、La、Mg、Mo、Ni 、Ti、Co、Cr、Cu、Sr、V和Zr为0.01～0.09 μg·g-1级,In、Th、P和为0.13～0.23 μg·g-1级,大于1的只有Nb是1.08 μg·g-1级.该方法经国家人发标准物质GBW07601验证,测得方法相对误差在0.83%～9.59% 之间,相对标准偏差在0.81%～5.20%之间,各项检测指标均能满足生物样品检测要求,分别测得健康种貉、自咬症轻重病貉被毛中的22种微量元素,健康貉的B、Co、Cr和Ni微量元素含量明显高于病貉,而Al、Ba、Be、Cd、Mo、Pb、Sr、Ti和Zr元素含量较低.该方法可以满足生物样品元素分析的要求.     

微量元素对籼稻愈伤组织分化成苗的影响

通过研究MS培养基中碘、硼、锰、锌、钼、铜、钴以及铁8种微量无素对愈伤组织分化成苗的影响,结果表明:缺少碘、硼、锰、锌、钼、钴的培养基对籼稻愈伤组织分化成苗影响不大,而缺少铜和铁的培养基对籼稻愈伤组织分化成苗影响很大,添加不同浓度铁和铜元素的试验表明,在铁盐浓度为0.10mmo1.L-1,铜浓度为1.5×10-4mmo1.L-1时,分化成苗效果较好,而铁盐浓度分别在0.05mmol.L-1、0.15mmol.L-1、0.20mmol.L-1、0.40mmol.L-1,铜浓度分别在0.5×10-4mmol.L-1、1.0×10-4mmol.L-1、2.0×10-4mmol.L-1、4.0×10-4mmol.L-1时,对籼稻分化成苗和生长均不利。     

单方中药马蹄香散剂和几种微生态制剂中氨基酸和微量元素含量的测定和比较

目的 测定马蹄香和微生态制剂中氨基酸和微量元素的含量,深入认识马蹄香和微生态制剂的特点.方法 应用国家标准GB/T 5009.124-2003高效液相法和应用日本岛津公司ICPS-1000Ⅱ型等离子体发射光谱仪测定马蹄香和微生态制剂中氨基酸和微量元素含量.结果 氨基酸含量在乳酸菌素片＞亿活＞马蹄香＞金双歧＞贝飞达＞思连康＞合生原＞妈咪爱.谷氨酸在所有制剂中含量均高,天冬氨酸在多数制剂中含量也高.而胱氨酸在所有制剂中含量均低或未能测出.元素钙、磷、镁和硫含量在马蹄香＞乳酸菌素片＞亿活＞思连康＞金双歧＞妈咪爱＞贝飞达＞合生原.马蹄香中微量元素含量较丰富.结论 马蹄香和不同的微生态制剂所含的氨基酸和微量元素各有特点,这对不同制剂的微量营养素的认识有特殊意义.     

中药及中药制剂中微量元素铜、铬的含量测定

应用火焰原子吸收光度法(FAAS)对苦参、黄柏及黄柏胶囊中微量元素铜、铬的含量进行了测定,并对FAAS若干条件进行了优化选择。结果表明,该法的平均回收率在95.2%～104.8%之间,相对标准偏差在1.76%以下,结果可靠,方法简便,可用于实际样品的测定。     

阿胶、新阿胶、黄明胶、马皮胶、杂皮胶的质量对比研究——Ⅱ、微量元素分析

本文用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定了对人体具有营养、生理及临床意义的27种微量元素。结果表明,各类胶中这些元素的含量均有一个比较狭小的变动范围,可供质量鉴别时参考。除杂皮胶有多种元素含量超出各自的变动范围之外,阿胶、新阿胶、黄明胶中各元素含量比较相近,似可用猪皮、牛皮代用驴皮。阿胶的补血作用可能与其含铁量较高有关,阿胶的止血作用可能与其含钙有关。     

微量元素锶对幼年自发性高血压大鼠血压升高的预防作用及其作用机制探讨

目的:研究微量元素锶对幼年自发性高血压大鼠(Spontaneously hypertensive rats,SHR)血压升高的预防作用并探讨其作用机制。方法:107只自发性高血压大鼠适应性喂养1周后,随机分为A组纯水对照组22只、B组锶水浓度3mg/L组22只、C组锶水浓度9mg/L组19只、D组锶水浓度18mg/L组22只,E组锶水浓度36mg/L组22只,普通饲料喂养12周。实验开始时测定基础血压,至结束时共测十次血压。实验开始及结束采血两次,检测肝、肾功能,Elisa法检测血清内皮素-1(endothelin-1,ET-1)、肾素(renin)、血管紧张素I(Iangiotensin-II)及去甲肾上腺素(noradrenalin,NA),免疫组化法检测主动脉核因子κB(nuclear factor-kappa B,NF-κB)、血管细胞黏附分子-1(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,VCAM-1)、细胞间黏附分子-1(intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)的表达。结果:(1)SHR成年后,E组与A组相比表现出血压下降趋势(P<0.05);第十、十一、十二周时D、E组血压均显著低于A组(P<0.01);B、C组较A组也有不同程度下降;随锶水浓度增高血压呈逐渐下降的大体趋势,B-E组血压值低于A组(P<0.05,P<0.01);(2)锶水喂养后各组肝、肾功能指标及ET-1、renin、Ang-II、NA变化无明显差异(P>0.05);(3)锶水喂养后,B-E组主动脉NF-κB、VCAM-1;ICAM-1的积分光密度值(IOD)均显著低于A组(P<0.01),且随锶水浓度增高,NF-κB、VCAM-1、ICAM-1的表达呈递减趋势(P<0.01)。结论:微量元素锶可延缓SHR血压升高,减小血压波动,其对高血压的预防作用机制可能是由于抑制NF-κB经典通路,减少VCAM-1、ICAM-1等炎症介质的产生而减轻血管壁损害。     

脓毒症患儿高营养风险的影响因素及其对免疫功能、微量元素和疾病转归的影响

摘要 目的：研究脓毒症患儿高营养风险的影响因素及其对免疫功能、微量元素和疾病转归的影响。方法：选取2019年1月-2021年12月我院收治的168例脓毒症患儿,采用营养状况和生长风险筛查工具（STRONGkids）筛查其营养风险,根据评分结果将营养风险患儿分为中低营养风险组与高营养风险组。比较两组临床资料,采用Logistic回归模型分析高营养风险的影响因素;比较中低营养风险组与高营养风险组免疫功能指标（CD4⁺、CD8⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺）,微量元素[铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、锌（Zn）]含量及疾病转归情况。结果：经STRONGkids营养风险筛查结果显示,151例脓毒症患儿存在营养风险,营养风险发生率为89.88%,其中存在中低营养风险110例（中低营养风险组）和高营养风险41例（高营养风险组）。高营养风险组急性生理与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ（APACHE Ⅱ）评分、乳酸、降钙素原水平及严重脓毒症占比高于中低营养风险组,白蛋白水平低于中低营养风险组（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,APACHE Ⅱ评分升高、严重脓毒症是脓毒症患儿发生高营养风险的危险因素（P＜0.05）,白蛋白升高是脓毒症患儿发生高营养风险的保护因素（P＜0.05）。高营养风险组CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺低于中低营养风险组,CD8⁺高于中低营养风险组（P＜0.05）。两组Cu含量差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,高营养风险组Fe、Zn含量低于中低营养风险组（P＜0.05）。中低营养风险组好转74例、未愈32例、死亡4例,高营养风险组好转19例、未愈15例、死亡7例,高营养风险组疾病转归良好率低于中低营养风险组（P＜0.05）。结论：脓毒症患儿高营养风险发生率较高,严重脓毒症、APACHE Ⅱ评分、白蛋白水平为高营养风险的影响因素,且高营养风险导致患儿免疫功能下降,体内Fe、Zn含量降低,疾病转归情况较差,建议早期实施营养干预,改善患儿的预后。     

家鸡GPR15基因的克隆、功能探究及组织表达分析

孤儿受体G蛋白偶联受体15(GPR15)在哺乳动物肠道稳态以及炎症反应中发挥重要生理效应,但在非哺乳动物中,针对GPR15的研究几属空白。本文以家鸡Gallus gallus domesticus为模型,首次克隆了GPR15基因,并对其功能与组织表达进行了探究。结果显示:家鸡GPR15编码区cDNA长度为1 107 bp,由1个外显子组成,可编码368个氨基酸的受体蛋白。序列分析表明家鸡GPR15是具有7次跨膜结构的G蛋白偶联受体,且家鸡GPR15与人Homo sapiens、北美绿蜥蜴Anolis carolinensis、小鼠Mus musculus的GPR15具有约56%的氨基酸序列一致性;虽然系统进化树分析表明GPR15与爱帕琳肽受体(APLNR)有较近的进化关系,但在表达家鸡GPR15的HEK293细胞中,APLNR的内源性配体Apelin和Apela不能激活家鸡GPR15;此外,实时定量PCR分析发现GPR15在家鸡脾脏中高表达,在盲肠、肺中有中等水平表达,而在其他组织中微弱表达。上述结果为探究GPR15在禽类中的生理功能奠定了基础。     

人工养殖尖吻蝮口腔炎的诊断与治疗

2010年8月,提取了安徽省黄山市2个较大规模养蛇场中7条尖吻蝮病蛇口腔炎脓性分泌物或溃疡面渗出液,进行病原分离鉴定及药敏试验。结果表明:金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌为主要致病菌。这两种致病菌均对头孢三嗪、庆大霉素敏感。使用敏感药物进行治疗,同时加强饲养管理,定期消毒,治愈率达87.5%。     

SCAR标记技术鉴别榆黄蘑品种

为了建立一套基于DNA分子标记技术快速鉴定榆黄蘑菌株的有效方法,本研究通过对生产上常用的16个榆黄蘑菌株进行SRAP多态性分析,从榆黄蘑2号菌株中扩增获得了一个片段长为537bp的特异片段,将其克隆、测序并设计引物,成功转化为稳定的SCAR标记。试验结果表明,利用该特异SCAR标记,能在1d时间内准确鉴定出榆黄蘑2号菌株。由此可见,SCAR分子标记是一种快速、稳定、准确鉴定榆黄蘑菌株的新方法。     

Comparison of Adoption Agency Breed Identification and DNA Breed Identification of Dogs

Governmental and other agencies may require dog caregivers (owners) to provide breed identification of their dogs. This study compares breed identification by adoption agencies with identification by DNA analysis in 20 dogs of unknown parentage. Of the 20 dogs who had been adopted from 17 different locations, the study identified 16 dogs as having (or probably having) 1 or 2 specific breed(s) in their ancestry. DNA analysis of these dogs indicated that 25% (4/16) did in fact contain genetic evidence of an adoption agency's identified breed as one of the predominant breeds in a dog's ancestry. DNA analysis did not detect all specified breeds in 14 of these dogs. That is, 87.5% of the dogs identified by an adoption agency as having specific breeds in their ancestry did not have all of those breeds detected by DNA analysis. The discrepancies between opinions of adoption agencies and identification by DNA analysis suggest that it would be worthwhile to reevaluate the reliability of breed identification as well as the justification of current public and private policies pertaining to specific dog breeds.     

Sperm morphology in Estonian and Tori Breed Stallions

The standard procedure for assessing the breeding potential of a stallion includes the parameter total number of spermatozoa classified as morphologically normal. This study investigated sperm morphology of fresh semen in randomly chosen Estonian (E, n = 8) and Tori (T, n = 7) breed stallions with proven fertility. Two ejaculates were examined from each stallion. An aliquot from each ejaculate was fixed in 1 mL formol-saline immediately after collection and examined with phase-contrast microscope at a magnification 1000× for all types of morphological abnormalities. Furthermore smears were prepared and stained according to Williams (carbolfuchsin-eosin) for a more detailed examination of the sperm heads with light microscope at a magnification 1000×. Analysis of variance was applied to the data, and results are presented as LSmeans (± SE). One T stallion that had a disturbance in the spermatogenesis and one 22-year-old E stallion were not included in the analyses. The T stallions had on average 57.5 ± 4.1% and the E-stallions 74.4 ± 3.8% morphologically normal spermatozoa (p = 0.012). In 4 of 7 T stallions and 7 of 8 E stallions both ejaculates had >50% morphologically normal spermatozoa. There was a significant difference between breeds in mean percentage of proximal droplets (17.3 ± 2.7% and 2.9 ± 2.5% for T and E stallions, respectively; p = 0.003).     

Breed differences in frequency of BoLA specificities

A total of 675 cattle of five purebred and one crossbred group were tested for lymphocyte antigens. The purebred animals represented progeny of 107 sires. Lymphocytotoxicity sera obtained from parous cows were used to detect six antigens which are controlled by codominant alleles at the BoLA-TxA locus. Gene frequencies for the six alleles varied within breeds and large differences were observed between breeds for a given allele.     

Breed structure of Senepol cattle

Data were collected by the Virgin Islands Beef Cattle Improvement Program and the Virgin Islands Agricultural Experiment Station staff to establish the breed structure of the Senepol cattle. Data for the analysis were limited to the two Virgin Islands Senepol breeders with the most complete and largest set of records, representing approximately 65% of the entire Senepol population. Inbreeding (F) and coancestry relationship coefficients (rAB) and the theoretical inbreeding (FT) were determined from each data set and for the combined data from both farms, for each year, ranging from 1947 to 1984 for Annaly Farms, and from 1967 to 1984 for Castle Nugent Farm. The data sets for both farms were examined for the possibility of separation into families. Actual F within the Senepol population was relatively low, averaging less than 1.00%. Some separation into families occurred within Annaly Farms' cattle. The F and FT decreased (1.6 to 0.7% and 1.0 to 0.2%, respectively) as population numbers increased. The low F was accomplished through the breeding programs and exchanges of animals between farms on the island.     

Breed differences in frequency of BoLA specificities*

A total of 675 cattle of five purebred and one crossbred group were tested for lymphocyte antigens. The purebred animals represented progeny of 107 sires. Lymphocytotoxicity sera obtained from parous cows were used to detect six antigens which are controlled by codominant alleles at the BoLA-TxA locus. Gene frequencies for the six alleles varied within breeds and large differences were observed between breeds for a given allele.     

Breed differences in circulating equine relaxin.

Equine relaxin has been previously determined in a small number of pregnant Thoroughbred mares. To better define the normal pregnancy pattern of relaxin, the current study reports on a much larger number of mares. It also was designed to determine if all equids have the same gestational pattern of relaxin secretion. Plasma samples were collected weekly in 24 Standardbred mares, every 7-10 days in 10 pony mares, and daily in late pregnancy from 16 burros. Standardbreds had higher concentrations of relaxin than that reported for Thoroughbreds during most of gestation and did not exhibit the midpregnancy nadir in relaxin concentrations observed in Thoroughbreds. Relaxin concentrations in Standardbreds showed a small but steady decline from Day 150 until delivery. Pony mares had lower relaxin concentrations throughout pregnancy than other mares and had continuously increasing concentrations during gestation. Burros had relaxin concentrations intermediate to ponies and other mares in late gestation. Burros induced to foal with oxytocin showed a sharp increase in relaxin concentrations. No effect of the sex of the offspring was observed in relaxin profiles in Standardbred mares. Each of three Standardbreds with abnormal termination of pregnancy exhibited abnormally low relaxin concentrations at some point in the gestation prior to termination of the pregnancy. Thus, relaxin may be an indicator of placental functioning and used to assess at-risk pregnancies in mares.     

Breed Characteristics of Abandoned and Lost Dogs in the Czech Republic

Records on sheltered dogs were collected from 3 municipal dog shelters situated in different regions of the Czech Republic from 2010 to 2013. A total of 3,875 dogs were analyzed in this study. Among these, 1,614 dogs were subsequently reclaimed (lost dogs) and 2,261 dogs were abandoned and offered for adoption. The ratio of purebred dogs and crossbred dogs differed significantly when comparing lost (66.4% vs. 33.6%) and abandoned dogs (35.0% vs. 65.0%). The median time until lost dogs were reclaimed was 1 day, and it was not affected by purebred status. The median time until abandoned dogs were adopted was 23 days. In abandoned dogs, purebred status had a significant effect on the time the dog spent at the shelter before adoption. The median time until adoption for crossbred dogs was 27 days, whereas the median time until adoption for purebred dogs was 19 days. The breed group influenced the length of stay (LOS) in abandoned dogs. Small companion dogs had the shortest LOS (median = 15 days) and guard dogs had the longest LOS (median = 25 days).