PCR快速筛选重组克隆方法的建立

目的：建立一种PCR技术快速筛选重组克隆的方法。方法：用Triton裂解菌落作为模板,以pMD-18T载体多克隆位点设计的引物与目的基因猪β-INF引物设计不同组合,PCR扩增待检重组克隆。结果：PCR技术快速筛选出猪β-INF重组克隆并鉴定了插入方向。结论：在采用PCR方法直接使用细菌菌落参与反应可以快速筛选重组克隆。     

Cloning the genetic determinant of alpha-hemolysin and obtaining a series of insertional mutations in this determinant by the transposon Tn1000

Functionally active genetic determinant of alpha-hemolysin was cloned. Hemolytic plasmid pHly195 was used as a donor of the determinant and pBR322 plasmid served as recipient. Cloning was done with a help of HindIII restriction endonuclease. The recombinant plasmid obtained represents pBR322 plasmid with the built-in fragment of 7.4 kb containing genes of functionally active determinant of alpha-hemolysin. Restriction map was constructed using HindIII, EcoRI, BamHI and SalI restriction endonucleases. Insertional mutagenesis was carried out with the help of the Tn1000 transposon. Plasmid DNAs were isolated from insertional mutants of Hly- phenotype and treated with EcoRI, SalI and BamHI. On the basis of the sizes of restriction fragments of the mutant plasmid DNAs localization and orientation of insertions of Tn1000 into the cloned determinant of alpha-hemolysin were determined.     

Construction of Chloroplast Genomic Library of Amaranthus cruentus R104 and Cloning of the Gene for the Large Subunit of Ribulose-1, 5-disphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase

Grain amaranth is an annual food and forage crop and C4-plant with characteristics of rich nutrients, high photosynthesis efficiency and strong stress-resistance. Chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) was prepared from Amaranthus cruentus R104. The ctDNA was digested with restriction enzymes Barn HⅠ, EcoRⅠ, BgⅢ, PstⅠ and SaⅡ, and the fragments thus obtained were electrophoresed in 0.7% agarose gel. The Length of the doublestranded ctDNA was measured to be 140 kb or so. BamHI-digested fragments of R104 ctDNA were inserted into pBR322 and a chloroplast genomic library has been constructed. The recombinant clone containing rbcL gene has been identified and selected out from the library. The restriction analysis of the clone showed that the rbcL gene of A. cruentus R104 has the structure similar to that of C4-plant corn. Moreover the reason of unsuccessful cloning of 5.9 kb BamHI fragment containing psbA gene is discussed.     

水稻叶绿体DNA克隆片段的分析和rbcL基因在重组质粒上的定位

杂交灿稻(珍汕97B)的叶绿体DNA克隆到pBR 322载体上后,从克隆库中筛选出含核酮糖1.5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶大亚基基因(rbcL)的重组子(19.3kb),用10种限制性内切酶分析了这个重组质粒并制作了完整的物理图谱,rbcL基因被定位在这个物理图谱上。     

金黄色葡萄球菌甲氧西林耐药辅助基因femB的克隆和原核表达

金黄色葡萄球菌femB基因与甲氧西林高水平耐药密切相关,可能成为开发抗MRSA药物的新靶位.以金葡菌基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增femB全长基因,所得片段与pGM-T载体连接并转化感受态大肠杆菌DH5α,阳性克隆以PCR、双酶切及测序鉴定.将鉴定正确的目的片段定向克隆到pGEX-4T-1表达载体中,转化至大肠杆菌BL21后经IPTG诱导表达GST/FemB融合蛋白;采用SDS-PAGE及Western blot对融合蛋白进行鉴定.结果显示,重组质粒在宿主菌中获得了高效表达,融合蛋白相对分子质量为75 kD,该融合蛋白可与抗GST-tag抗体特异结合;表明femB基因的原核表达系统构建成功,为进一步研究其生物学功能奠定了基础.     

APC11基因真核表达质粒构建及鉴定

目的克隆扩增APC11开放阅读框基因片段,构建其真核表达重组质粒,为后续研究其功能做准备。方法按照GenBank中人APC11序列设计引物,以HeLa细胞cDNA为模板,扩增出基因片段。该片段与真核表达载体pEGFP-C1连接,得到的重组质粒经双酶切和测序鉴定后用Western印迹检验表达。结果扩增片段长度为285bp,重组真核表达质粒经双酶切鉴定后测序鉴定正确。Western印迹证实pEGFP—C1-APC11在真核细胞内表达。结论成功克隆了APC11基因并构建了pEGFP—C1-APC11真核表达重组质粒,Western印迹证实其表达良好,对该基因功能的深入研究打下了坚实基础。     

轮状病毒VP7基因的克隆与表达

应用聚合酶链式反应技术(PCR)扩增轮状病毒VP7基因,并将其克隆到pMD18-T simple载体上,对重组子进行PCR检测和限制性内切酶分析,并测定DNA全序列。结果显示,克隆片段全长为981 bp。将轮状病毒VP7基因定向的克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a启动子下游,构建原核表达载体pET-32aVP7。将质粒pET-32aVP7转化Transetta表达菌株进行诱导表达,裂解菌体细胞抽提蛋白质进行SDS-PAGE。结果表明,轮状病毒壳蛋白VP7基因在Transetta表达菌株内得到成功表达。     

小鼠Uncv基因克隆及真核表达

目的 克隆小鼠的Uncv基因并在真核细胞表达.方法 采用RT-PCR方法扩增小鼠皮肤组织中Uncv基因编码区,以真核表达质粒pcDNA 3.1-Flag为载体,构建Uncv真核表达质粒,将重组载体转染Hela细胞并用Western blot法检测基因表达.结果 构建Uncv基因真核表达载体pcDNA 3.1-Flag/Unev,重组质粒在Hela细胞中有效表达约95×103的融合蛋白.结论 成功构建真核表达载体pcDNA 3.1-Flag/Uncv,并且在真核细胞中有效表达,为研究Uncv基因生物学功能奠定基础.     

烟草花叶病毒和黄瓜花叶病毒双价RNA沉默抗病载体的快速构建*

利用重组PCR技术将烟草花叶病毒(TMV)部分移动蛋白基因（△MP）和黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV）部分复制酶基因（△Rep）连接起来,获得全长约1000 bp的MP-Rep融合基因,将所得融合基因以反向重复的方式与大豆内含子相连,并定向插入到植物表达载体pBIN438上35S启动子下游,构建了含两种不同病毒来源基因的植物表达载体pBIN438-MP-Rep（i/r）。酶切和PCR鉴定证明所构建的载体与预期的设计完全一致。该研究结果为利用RNA沉默原理进行植物广谱抗病研究奠定了基础。     

Cloning of the Streptococcus thermophilus beta-galactosidase gene and its expression in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis cells

The beta-galactosidase gene from the chromosome of Streptococcus thermophilus, strain 6 kb, has been cloned on a vector plasmid pBR322. The corresponding gene has been found to be located on the Pst1 DNA fragment. The restriction map of this 6 kb fragment has been constructed. The shortening of the DNA fragment carrying the beta-galactosidase gene has been achieved by digestion of the recombinant derivative of pBR322 by the restriction endonuclease Sau3A under the conditions of incomplete hydrolysis. The obtained fragments have been cloned into the BamHI site in the berepliconed shuttle vector pCB20 for grampositive and gramnegative bacteria. The obtained recombinant plasmids contained the beta-galactosidase gene in the inserted fragments of different length. Expression of the cloned beta-galactosidase gene in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis cells has been studied.     

The densovirus of Periplaneta fuliginosa (PfDNV) as an insect vector for persistent foreign gene expression in vivo

An infectious clone of the Periplaneta fuliginosa densovirus (PfDNV) has been constructed and the PfDNV genome can rescue from the plasmid and replicate as the wild-type virus in nymphs of P. fuliginosa. To investigate the ability of the cloned PfDNV genome to be used as a stable and persistent expression vector, we constructed seven recombinant plasmids in which the GFP reporter gene was inserted into the genome of PfDNV. When these recombinant constructs were transfected into hosts, the GFP was expressed efficiently in every clone. Southern blot analysis revealed that recombinant plasmids had integrated into host genome. Infectious recombinant virions could be produced from plasmids in which the GFP gene was downstream of and in frame with the NS3 and NS1 coding regions. These results indicate that PfDNV genome can be used as an insect vector for the transfer and persistent expression of an exogenous gene.     

The use of filamentous phage M13 in protein engineering

M13B1 vector based on the filamentous phage M13 has been constructed. M13B1 phage carries the gene of resistance to ampicillin and contains the unique site of recognition for BamHI restriction endonuclease in gene VIII coding for the major coat protein. BamHI restriction site has been inserted into the gene of the major coat protein by means of oligonucleotide directed mutagenesis. The synthetic DNA fragment coding for the model peptides has been inserted through BamHI site into the M13B1 DNA. The possibility of inserting foreign peptides into the N-terminus at maintaining the viability of hybrid phages has been shown. The differences in specificity of the recombinant phage maturation have been determined by analysing the amino acid sequence of B-protein.     

Cloning and expression of a Clostridium acetobutylicumα-amylase gene in Escherichia coli

A gene library of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC824 was constructed in the plasmid vector pEcoR251. The library was tested for the presence of starch hydrolyzing clones. One clone in which the recombinant plasmid, pVP101, conferred alpha-amylase activity to the Escherichia coli host cell, was detected. The gene is carried on a 3.45-kbp BglII restriction fragment. A detailed physical map of pVP101 is presented.     

人核糖核酸酶抑制因子基因重组腺病毒载体的构建及鉴定

目的构建含有人核糖核酸酶抑制因子（hRI）基因的重组腺病毒载体。方法以含有全长cDNA的pT7-RI为模板,PCR扩增hRI,经T载体克隆后,酶切亚克隆到穿梭质粒pAdTrack—CMV上,在BJ5183细菌内和pAdEasy-1同源重组。筛选阳性克隆,酶切、PCR及测序鉴定,线性化后脂质体法转染293细胞进行包装、扩增。通过观察绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）的表达及PCR扩增目的基因等方法鉴定重组的腺病毒。结果酶切鉴定及PCR结果证明hRI基因重组腺病毒载体构建成功,病毒滴度为1．5×10^10 pfu/ml。结论应用细菌内同源重组法成功构建了含hRI基因的重组腺病毒载体。     

The complete sequence of a full length cDNA for human liver glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: evidence for multiple mRNA species.

A recombinant M13 clone (O42) containing a 65 b.p. cDNA fragment from human fetal liver mRNA coding for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase has been identified and it has been used to isolate from a full-length human adult liver cDNA library a recombinant clone, pG1, which has been subcloned in M13 phage and completely sequenced with the chain terminator method. Besides the coding region of 1008 b.p., the cDNA sequence includes 60 nucleotides at the 5'-end and 204 nucleotides at the 3'-end up to the polyA tail. Hybridization of pG1 to human liver total RNA shows only one band about the size of pG1 cDNA. A much stronger hybridization signal was observed using RNA derived from human hepatocarcinoma and kidney carcinoma cell lines. Sequence homology between clone 042 and the homologous region of clone pG1 is 86%. On the other hand, homology among the translated sequences and the known human muscle protein sequence ranges between 77 and 90%; these data demonstrate the existence of more than one gene coding for G3PD. Southern blot of human DNA, digested with several restriction enzymes, also indicate that several homologous sequences are present in the human genome.     

Cloning and expression of the beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase gene of Lactobacillus casei in Escherichia coli K-12.

Lactose metabolism in Lactobacillus casei 64H is associated with the presence of plasmid pLZ64. This plasmid determines both phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase uptake of lactose and beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase. A shotgun clone bank of chimeric plasmids containing restriction enzyme digest fragments of pLZ64 DNA was constructed in Escherichia coli K-12. One clone contained the gene coding for beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase on a 7.9-kilobase PstI fragment cloned into the vector pBR322 in E. coli strain chi 1849. The beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase enzyme isolated from E. coli showed no difference from that isolated from L. casei, and specific activity of beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase was stimulated 1.8-fold in E. coli by growth in media containing beta-galactosides. A restriction map of the recombinant plasmid was compiled, and with that information, a series of subclones was constructed. From an analysis of the proteins produced by minicells prepared from transformant E. coli cells containing each of the recombinant subclone plasmids, it was found that the gene for the 56-kilodalton beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase was transcribed from an L. casei-derived promoter. The gene for a second protein product (43 kilodaltons) was transcribed in the opposite direction, presumably under the control of a promoter in pBR322. The relationship of this second product to the lactose metabolism genes of L. casei is at present unknown.     

禽流感病毒H9N2血凝素基因和神经氨酸酶因在大肠杆菌中的表达

克隆、表达和鉴定禽流感病毒H9N2 HA,NA基因序列,为制备抗体和基因工程疫苗打下基础。在成功克隆禽流感病毒H9N2全长HA、NA基因并测序的基础上,将部分基因序列克隆到表达载体pET32a(+)上,全基因序列克隆到表达载体pGEX4T-1上,构建了重组表达质粒pET32a(+)/HA(截短)、pET32a(+)/NA(截短)、pGEX4T-1/HA、pGEX4T-1/NA,转化大肠杆菌BL21/rosetta,IPTG诱导表达,利用Ni2+亲和层析柱和GSTrap4B亲和层析柱对重组蛋白进行纯化,并用Western Blotting和ELISA方法检测其抗原性。结果重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中可以高效表达,SDS-PAGE显示其相对分子质量与预计大小一致。ELISA和Western Blotting实验证实,重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性。本研究成功克隆和表达了禽流感病毒H9N2 HA、NA基因序列。为禽流感病毒H9N2诊断试剂和疫苗的开发等进一步的研究奠定了基础。     

Sp1真核表达载体的构建及对USP22基因转录活性的影响

目的 克隆人sp1基因,构建真核表细胞达载体pVAX-Sp1,研究其对USP22基因转录活性的影响.方法 Trizol试剂快速提取人肝癌细胞株HepG2总RNA,经RT-PCR扩增Sp1基因序列,与pVAX1真核表达载体连接;测序、酶切鉴定重组载体;pVAX1-Sp1与含USP22启动子的萤光素酶报告质粒共转染HepG2细胞,双萤光素酶报告系统检测萤光素酶活性表达.结果 测序及酶切结果显示重组质粒pVAX1-Sp1构建成功;高表达sp1可使USP22启动子的转录活性降低（P＜0.01）.结论 成功构建了sp1真核表达质粒,sp1对USP22启动子具有转录抑制作用.