华幌伞枫的订正

本文根据形态观察结果和地理分布特点,认为华幌伞枫与短梗幌伞枫应归并为一个种,即华幌伞枫。     

幌伞枫叶的化学成分研究

为了解幌伞枫(Heteropanax fragrans)的药理活性化学基础,从其叶的乙醇提取物中分离得到8个化合物,经波谱分析分别鉴定为:(7S,8R)-蛇菰脂醛素-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、4β,10α-香木兰烷二醇(2)、原儿茶酸(3)、3′-甲氧基-槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(7)和山柰酚-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(8)。这8个化合物均为首次从幌伞枫中分离得到。     

湖北省玄参科一新记录属——幌菊属

报道了湖北省玄参科一新记录属--幌菊属(Ellisiophyllum Maximowicz)及一新记录种幌菊[Ellisiophyllum pinnatum (Wallich ex Bentham) Makino].     

矩叶蓝果树的订正

粗丝木Ｇｏｍｐｈａｎｄｒａｔｅｔｒａｎｄｒａ（Ｗａｌ．ｉｎＲｏｘｂ．）Ｓｌｅｕｍ．ｉｎＮｏｔｉｚｂｌ．Ｂｅｒｌ,－Ｄａｈｌ．１５;２３８．１９４０ｅｔｉｎＢｌｕｍｅａ１７：２０４．１９６９;云南植物志１∶１６４,图３９,５～７．１９７７;中国植物志４...     

矩叶蓝果树的订正

据笔者对采自云南勐腊的“矩叶蓝果树”模式标本及曾被定为该变种的标本研究,该变种具聚伞花序,花梗长3－5mm,雌花子房上位,核果果皮极薄,内具1种子,并非蓝果树属植物,与茶茱萸科粗丝术属之粗丝本完全同种。粗丝木产中国西南至东南部,印度、斯里兰卡、缅甸、泰国、印度支那也有分布。     

齿叶山杨订正

将齿叶山杨Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓｓｅｒｒａｔａ及其３个变型尖牙齿叶山杨ｆ．ａｃｕｍｉｎａｔｉ－ｇｅｍｍａｔａ,粗齿山杨ｆ．ｇｒｏｓｓｅｓｅｒｒａｔａ．心形齿叶山杨ｆ．ｃｏｒｄａｔａ并入汉白杨Ｐ．ｎｉｎｇｓｈａｍｉｃａ。     

中国鳞伞属鳞伞亚属新记录种

报道了中国鳞伞属鳞伞亚属3个新记录种,即冷杉鳞伞Pholiota abietis、柠檬鳞伞P.limonella以及空囊鳞伞P.scabella,并提供详尽的形态描述和线条图。研究标本存放在吉林农业大学菌物标本馆(HMJAU)。     

中国丛本藓属的订正

研究了我国南北各地的丛本藓属标本３２６号,借阅了美国纽约植物标本馆（ＮＹ）,芬兰赫尔辛基大学标本馆（Ｈ）及日本服部植物研究所标本馆（ＮＩＣＨ）的有关本属藓类各种的原模式标本（Ｈｏｌｏｔｙｐｅ）等模式标本（Ｓｙｎｔｙｐｅ）及后选模式（Ｌｅｃｔｏｔｙｐｅ）,据模式特征,重新订正了本属各种及中国各地标本,将原定名为绿丛本藓（Ａｎｏｅｃｔａｎｇｉｕｍｅｕｃｈｌｏｒｏｎ（Ｓｃｈｗａｅｇｒ．）Ｍｉｔｔ）改为丛     

裸伞属的的两个新种

本文报道了广东地区裸伞属(Gymnopilus Karsten)的7个种,其中2个新种,除近缘裸伞外,其余为国内新纪录。并附分种检索表。     

广东鳞伞属的研究初报

本文报导广东鳞伞属Pholiota(Fr.)Kummer 12种,其中1个新种,6个国内新纪录种。新种是短柄鳞伞Phollota brevipes Bi。     

多裂紫菊(菊科-菊苣族)后选模式的指定

指定了多裂紫菊Prenanthes henryi Dunn (=Notoseris henryi (Dunn) Shih)的后选模式。     

微卫星标记分析中国梨木虱种群的遗传多样性

中国梨木虱Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang et Li)是梨树主要害虫之一。为了从分子水平评估中国梨木虱种群内的遗传变异和种群间的遗传分化, 本文应用7对微卫星DNA引物对中国16个地区中国梨木虱种群进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明： 各位点有效等位基因为2.2927～10.0610, 多态信息含量(PIC)值在0.5073～0.8735之间。16个种群的平均期望杂合度为0.7876, 遗传距离在0.0951～1.0139之间, Nei氏期望杂合度为0.4771～0.7892, Shannon信息指数在0.8396～1.9989之间, 群体分化率F_ST为11.61%, 基因流平均值为2.2236。结果表明, 7个微卫星位点均具有较高的多态性, 各种群间的遗传分化水平较低, 基因交流程度较高, 遗传变异主要存在于种群内的个体间。研究结果为制定针对中国梨木虱的有效防治策略提供部分分子生物学的基础资料。     

Revision of Comesomatidae (Nematoda)

The gross and fine morphology of the family Comesomatidae is reviewed and the systematic position of its members revised. Significant differentiating characters of the Comesomatidae within the Chromadorida are: a copulatory apparatus provided with apophyses, a female reproductive system with outstretched ovaries, the presence of marginal tubes within the oesophagus, and a non-sclerotized and enlarged tail tip. For classification within the family the following three main characters are used: the structure of the buccal cavity, the structure of the copulatory apparatus, and the arrangement of the cephalic sense organs. Structure of the Sabatieria type is considered basic. The genera are rearranged in three subfamilies as follows: Sabatieriinae ( Cervonema, Laimelia, Pierrickia, Sabatieria (syn. Actarjania), Scholpaniella ), Dorylaimopsinae (Dorylaimopsis (syn. Mesonchium), Hopperia, Metasabatieria, Paramesonchium, Vasostoma ), Comesomatinae ( Comesoma, Metacomesoma, Paracomesoma. ) Six species of Comesomatidae are described from the øresund, Denmark: Cervonema macramphis sp.n.; Laimelia filipjevi nom. nov. (syn. Sabatieria longicaudata Filipjev, 1922); Sabatieria hilarula De Man, 1922; S. ornata (Ditlevsen, 1918); S. punctata (Kreis, 1924); Dorylaimopsis punctata Ditlevsen, 1918. Representatives of these species constitute more than 40% of the total number of nematodes in the region.     

Revision of Jaegeria (Compositae-Heliantheae)

The genusJaegeria consists of a diploid-polyploid complex of eight species found in moist habitats from Mexico to South America. The distributions, habitats, generic affinities, and tribal placement are discussed. Chromosome numbers were determined for all species exceptJ. axillaris, which is known only from Colombia.J. glabra andJ. pedunculata are diploid (2n = 18) ;J. hirta, J. macrocephala, J. gracilis, andJ. crassa are tetraploid (2n = 36) ;J. bellidiflora is octoploid (2n = 72). One Galápagos Island endemic,J. gracilis, is quite similar to the common mainland species,J. hirta, but the other endemic,J. crassa, is quite distinct from any other species.J. bellidijlora is most similar morphologically toJ. glabra;J. macrocephala is allied toJ. pedunculata. J. axillaris is somewhat distinct from the other species.     

Revision of Reldia (Gesneriaceae)

Reldia (Gesneriaceae) includes terrestrial herbs with alternate leaves, inflorescences which often possess both primary and secondary pedicels but are epedunculate, small white, spurred flowers, a nectary usually reduced to a dorsal gland, and a bivalved capsule. The genus is distributed from Panama to northern Peru. In the present work five species are recognized: Reldia alternifolia from Panama; R. minutiflora , originally described from Peru, but distributed from this country north to Panama; two new species from eastern Ecuador, R. calcarata and R. multiflora , and one new species from Colombia, R. grandiflora . Two varieties of R. minutiflora are recognized, var. minutiflora and var. veraguensis. Reldia occurs in forested, deeply shaded and highly humid ravines usually along streams. The altitude ranges from sea level up to 2500 meters.     

Revision of Lycoseris (Compositae-Mutisieae)

The genus Lycoseris is revised to include eleven species of dioecious subshrubs with mostly scrambling branches. It is distributed from Guatemala to northwestern and western South America, reaching south to Bolivia and southern Brazil. Three new species are described, viz. L. colombiana, L. minor , and L. peruviana. One new combination is made, viz. L. trinervis ssp. altissima.     

Revision of Taeniatherum (Poaceae)

Three species are often accepted in Taeniatherum Nevski. Analysis of morphological characters show that indistinct limits occur between them. All taxa are found to be diploid (2n=14), with the same karyotype, but artificial hybridization shows genetical barrier to exist. For these reasons subspecific level is chosen for the taxa, viz. T. caput-medusae (L.) Nevski ssp. caput-medusae, T. caput-medusae ssp. crinitum (Schreb.) Melderis and T. caput-medusae ssp. asperum (Simk.) Melderis. Map showing known distribution of the subspecies is presented.