人热休克因子1突变体的应用研究进展

热休克因子1是调节应激反应的主要转录因子,它在应激条件下可被活化。通过基因突变得到正显性和负显性热休克因子1,它们不需要外界条件刺激就分别具有启动热休克蛋白的表达或竞争抑制内源热休克因子1活性的能力。目前,已有多个热休克因子1的突变体应用于疾病研究。介绍了热休克因子1的结构和活化途径,以及热休克因子1突变体在肿瘤、神经系统及心血管系统等方面的应用进展。     

人热休克因子1突变体的应用研究进展

热休克因子1是调节应激反应的主要转录因子,它在应激条件下可被活化。通过基因突变得到正显性和负显性热休克因子1,它们不需要外界条件刺激就分别具有启动热休克蛋白的表达或竞争抑制内源热休克因子1活性的能力。目前,已有多个热休克因子1的突变体应用于疾病研究。介绍了热休克因子1的结构和活化途径,以及热休克因子1突变体在肿瘤、神经系统及心血管系统等方面的应用进展。     

果蝇的热休克反应

热休克反应最早在果蝇中发现,其过程伴随着一系列特殊蛋白--热休克蛋白（HSPs）的增量表达.热休克蛋白包括多个家族,它们在热休克反应中表现出复杂的表达调控机制,并具有组织和发育阶段特异性.研究热休克反应具有重要的生物学意义,在医学、工业等的应用前景十分广阔.     

动物发育过程中热休克基因的表达

本文综述了动物发育过程中热休克基因的表达及热休克蛋白质的合成与生物耐热性的相互关系。动物发育过程中热休克基因的表达具有阶段依赖性。热休克蛋白质的合成与生物耐热性的获得呈正相关。     

热休克因子生理功能研究进展

热休克因子是调控真核细胞热休克基因转录的关键因子,在应激和正常生理条件下发挥重要作用,使其成为近年来的研究热点。该文简要综述热休克因子在抗炎反应、肿瘤发生与维持、生长发育、衰老等生理病理过程中的重要生理功能。     

热对成骨和破骨细胞影响及热休克蛋白和因子参与调节的研究进展

热物理因素在骨疾病的治疗、骨再生修复过程中的应用及对成骨细胞影响重要性的认识不断被深化,一定温度热处理可促进成骨细胞分化,热休克蛋白及热休克因子参与细胞保护与分化.但目前尚未阐明热对成骨细胞与破骨细胞偶联关系的影响及热休克蛋白70(HSP70)和热休克因子2(HSF2)对成骨细胞RANKL的调节机制.探明该影响及调节机制可能成为揭示热物理干预影响骨转化的关键所在之一.     

烫伤大鼠远隔器官热休克抑制基因表达的研究

为了研究应激是否可诱导完整高等动物远隔器官细胞的热休克反应,在已发现烫伤大鼠肝,脑有热休克蛋白诱导的基础上,本文进一步研究了正常基因表达的抑制。雄性ＳＤ大鼠背部烫伤后,于１０－２４０ｍｉｎ分别断头处死,然后通过斑点印迹法分析热休克抑制基因－１信使核糖核酸的变化。     

分子伴侣HSP70研究进展

分子伴侣ＨＳＰ７０在原核、真核细胞均已发现,它们具有共同的生化特征,在细胞内各自分布在特定的区域。其主要生物学功能是促进新生多肽链的正确折叠,对于分子重排、解离聚集蛋白和新生多肽的膜运输也具有重要的辅助作用。     

Acute heat stress prior to downhill running may enhance skeletal muscle remodeling

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are chaperones that are known to have important roles in facilitating protein synthesis, protein assembly and cellular protection. While HSPs are known to be induced by damaging exercise, little is known about how HSPs actually mediate skeletal muscle adaption to exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a heat shock pretreatment and the ensuing increase in HSP expression on early remodeling and signaling (2 and 48 h) events of the soleus (Sol) muscle following a bout of downhill running. Male Wistar rats (10 weeks old) were randomly assigned to control, eccentric exercise (EE; downhill running) or heat shock + eccentric exercise (HS; 41°C for 20 min, 48 h prior to exercise) groups. Markers of muscle damage, muscle regeneration and intracellular signaling were assessed. The phosphorylation (p) of HSP25, Akt, p70s6k, ERK1/2 and JNK proteins was also performed. As expected, following exercise the EE group had increased creatine kinase (CK; 2 h) and mononuclear cell infiltration (48 h) compared to controls. The EE group had an increase in p-HSP25, but there was no change in HSP72 expression, total protein concentration, or neonatal MHC content. Additionally, the EE group had increased p-p70s6k, p-ERK1/2, and p-JNK (2 h) compared to controls; however no changes in p-Akt were seen. In contrast, the HS group had reduced CK (2 h) and mononuclear cell infiltration (48 h) compared to EE. Moreover, the HS group had increased HSP72 content (2 and 48 h), total protein concentration (48 h), neonatal MHC content (2 and 48 h), p-HSP25 and p-p70s6k (2 h). Lastly, the HS group had reduced p-Akt (48 h) and p-ERK1/2 (2 h). These data suggest that heat shock pretreatment and/or the ensuing HSP72 response may protect against muscle damage, and enhance increases in total protein and neonatal MHC content following exercise. These changes appear to be independent of Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.     

Response of Higher Plants to Heat Shock

When sorghum seedlings were rapidly shifted from the cultural temperature of 30℃ to 40℃ and 45℃, a set of abnormal proteins, generally referred to as heat shock proteins were induced. They are a group of high molecular weight proteins (about 66–117 kD), a few intermediate molecular weight proteins (33–66kD) and a low molecular weight protein of 18 kD. At the same time, the synthesis of normal proteins was relatively depressed. The res ponse of the shoot tissues of sorghum seedings to heat shock is similar to that of the root tissues, but there are some differences in more detail between the two tissues. The synthesis of heat shock proteins in sorghum seedlings was rapid. After one-hour exposure at 45℃ their synthesis in the roots was detectable. Maximum induction took place in the second hour of exposure, thereafter their synthesis began to decline markedly. Finally, there appear to be some proteins whose synthesis was not supressed during heat shock, It is not yet known why the synthesis of these proteins is so stable.     

雄性不育高粱（3197A）的热激蛋白与育性的关系

在我们以前研究热激(40℃)诱导雄性不育高粱3197A呈现雄性可育态时的内部物质的变化,即热激蛋白的表现的基础上,进一步研究观察到,在逐渐升温过程中,雄性不育高粱幼苗出现了热激蛋白的先后合成与消失的现象,即有阶段性变化的3次协同调控现象。雄性不育高粱与雄性可育高粱比较,在常温(28℃)不育系的自显影区带33KD、35KD比可育高粱的对应带强,在逐渐升温过程中,两个高粱系的这些蛋白带的差别逐渐缩小,到40℃时,两系的标记带图型趋于一致,表现了化学物质的变化与热激使不育系转变为可育态时的温度是一致的。比较高粱的总蛋白与可溶性蛋白,探明了某些蛋白为结合蛋白。用基因表达抑制剂探明热激反应可能与细胞核基因转录和转译两级调控有关。而与细胞质关系不大。试验探明逐渐升温到46—49℃温度区间,不育系幼穗的蛋白电泳图谱中出现特异的80KD热激蛋白,可育的保持系没有,表明此蛋白质与雄性不育有关。     

正显性热休克因子1突变体抑制6-OHDA诱导细胞死亡的研究

热休克因子1是真核细胞应激反应时热休克蛋白表达的主要转录调控因子。它在非应激条件下被抑制性复合体抑制以非活化形式存在,只有在受到应激时才会暂时活化。通过基因突变得到的正显性突变体在不需要外界环境刺激的条件下就能激活细胞内源性热休克蛋白的表达。环境神经毒素是引起帕金森病的一个重要因素,它们能够氧化损伤多巴胺能神经元,最终引起细胞死亡。Western blot和双荧光素酶检测证明,在SH-SY5Y细胞中转染正显性热休克因子1突变体能够明显上调HSP70的表达。并且通过检测细胞培养基中的乳酸脱氢酶的含量证明正显性热休克因子1突变体能够显著抑制神经毒素6-羟基多巴胺诱导的细胞死亡。这些结果表明,正显性热休克因子1突变体在帕金森病的防治方面可能具有潜在的应用前景。     

Gambogic acid and gambogenic acid induce a thiol-dependent heat shock response and disrupt the interaction between HSP90 and HSF1 or HSF2

Cancer cells rely on heat shock proteins (HSPs) for growth and survival. Especially HSP90 has multiple client proteins and plays a critical role in malignant transformation, and therefore different types of HSP90 inhibitors are being developed. The bioactive natural compound gambogic acid (GB) is a prenylated xanthone with antitumor activity, and it has been proposed to function as an HSP90 inhibitor. However, there are contradicting reports whether GB induces a heat shock response (HSR), which is cytoprotective for cancer cells and therefore a potentially problematic feature for an anticancer drug. In this study, we show that GB and a structurally related compound, called gambogenic acid (GBA), induce a robust HSR, in a thiol-dependent manner. Using heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) or HSF2 knockout cells, we show that the GB or GBA-induced HSR is HSF1-dependent. Intriguingly, using closed form ATP-bound HSP90 mutants that can be co-precipitated with HSF1, a known facilitator of cancer, we show that also endogenous HSF2 co-precipitates with HSP90. GB and GBA treatment disrupt the interaction between HSP90 and HSF1 and HSP90 and HSF2. Our study implies that these compounds should be used cautiously if developed for cancer therapies, since GB and its derivative GBA are strong inducers of the HSR, in multiple cell types, by involving the dissociation of a HSP90-HSF1/HSF2 complex.