叶绿体色素分离实验改进与拓展

针对生物学专业本科生普通生物学实验教学,设计了将薄层色谱法和柱层析色谱法应用于叶绿体色素分离实验.采用硅胶作为吸附材料,以石油醚、苯和丙酮为混合展开剂,用薄层色谱法代替传统的纸色谱法进行叶绿体各色素的分离,用柱层析色谱法进行单体β-胡萝卜素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶黄素制备,实验装置简单,易于操作,特别是各色素条带分离灵敏度高.     

叶绿体色素的提取和分离实验的拓展

叶绿体色素的提取和分离实验的拓展张淑兰（山东省潍坊教育学院生物系,２６２５００）高中课本中叶绿体色素的提取和分离是用层析法验证叶绿体色素的种类和各种色素的颜色。叶绿体含有四种主要光合色素：叶绿素ａ、叶绿素ｂ、叶黄素和胡萝卜素。这些色素不溶于水,但溶于...     

“叶绿体色素的提取与分离”实验教学

针对高中生物学"叶绿体色素的提取与分离"实验,进行了提取液组成、提取方法、层析液配比、分离方法等方面的改进,并进一步分离、收集到4种单一色素,测定其吸收光谱。不仅实验现象更明显,且有助于学生理解叶绿体色素在光合作用中的重要作用。     

用混合酒精水浴法提取叶绿体中色素效果好

“叶绿体色素的提取和分离”．一直是新旧高中教材设定的学生分组验证定性实验,其目的是让学生学会实验操作。认识不同颜色的叶绿体色素,深入理解叶绿体色素在光合作用过程中可以吸收利用不同的光波。如果实验中不能“提取”出“叶绿体中色素”,“色素的分离”就不能进行。由于教材设定使用有“臭味”和“毒性”的丙酮作叶绿体色素溶剂,所需要的用具多,步骤多,操作繁琐。加上学生研磨技能差,用药量不准。     

对叶绿体中色素的提取和分离实验的改进

对叶绿体中色素的提取和分离实验的改进任金龙（山东省阳信县第一中学,２５１８００）根据高中生物实验四的目的要求可知,该实验是验证叶绿体中的色素的种类和颜色。而做实验时,首先要对色素进行提取,然后再用纸层析法进行分离。按实验步骤,进行色素的提取要用的材料...     

指导学生做叶绿体中色素提取和分离的实验

指导学生做叶绿体中色素提取和分离的实验冯敏（广东省深圳外语学校５１８０２９）在高中《生物》课本的４个必做实验中,“叶绿体中色素的提取和分离”实验是难度最大、操作最复杂的一个实验,在实验中只要把握以下几个重要环节,即能取得良好的实验效果。（１）制备滤液...     

浅谈叶绿体色素的提取,分离实验的基本原理

在进行“叶绿体中色素的提取和分离”实验时,不少老师和同学常提出以下一些问题:提取叶绿体中的色素为什么必须用丙酮?用纸层析法分离各种色素时,各种色素在滤纸上为什么会有不同的分布?为什么用不同质量的滤纸或在不同温度条件下实验,所得的结果不一样?等等。要解释这些问题,就需要了解叶绿体中色素的基本结构及其化学性质和纸层析法的基本原理,以及影响纸层析的各种因素等。     

在实验教学中如何培养学生的思维能力

在中学生物实验课中如何善于启发和引导,培养学生的思维,下面结合本人在“叶绿体中色素的提取和分离”实验中的体会作一介绍。１明确实验目的、实验原理作为教师,在备课和上课过程中一定要让自己和学生明确实验目的和原理,本实验目的有３项：即色素的提取和分离以及验...     

几种层析液对滤纸圆盘分离叶绿体色素的影响

现行高中生物学（必修）教材和教师教学用书．介绍“叶绿体中色素的提取和分离”实验中有关层析液的替代品有很多种,只有通过实验验证．才能知道哪种层析液分离色素效果好。同时在实验验证过程中还能发现更为理想的层析液比例搭配．既容易配制又操作简单。笔者进行了实验探索．现将“几种层析液对滤纸圆盘分离叶绿体色素的影响”的实验过程、实验现象和实验结果阐述如下,以便于各位同仁交流和商榷。[第一段]     

"光合色素的提取与分离"的实验教学

1 教学目标(略) 2 重点和难点 1)教学重点:①叶绿体中色素的种类和各种色素的颜色。②学会用纸层析法将色素进行分离。解决方法:通过实验,验证叶绿体中色素的种类和各种色素的颜色。通过学生间的观察、讨论,明确了各种色素在滤纸条上扩散速度以及产生这种现象的     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism