共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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表皮毛是植物地上部分表皮细胞向外突出延伸的特化毛状结构,不仅可以保护植物免受病虫的危害,还具有一定的经济和药用价值,对其调控的分子机制的阐明有利于植物的分子设计育种和遗传改良。近年来,模式植物拟南芥表皮毛形成的调控模式基本被阐明,其他植物表皮毛的调控机制也取得很大进展。鉴于此,文中综述了拟南芥和棉花(单细胞表皮毛)及番茄和青蒿(多细胞表皮毛)在基因和激素水平上对表皮毛的发育调控,同时简要介绍了其他典型单、双子叶植物表皮毛相关的研究进展,最后,展望了植物表皮毛的研究方向和应用前景。 相似文献
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《生物技术通报》2016,(11)
表皮毛广泛存在于陆生植物的地上部分,是植物与环境之间的一道天然屏障,具有多种重要的生物学功能。拟南芥HD-Zip家族转录因子GLABRA 2(GL2)是调控表皮毛形成和发育的关键因子,通过筛选和鉴定GL2的遗传互作因子,可以为进一步研究植物表皮毛发育调控的分子机制奠定基础。通过大规模的遗传筛选和图位克隆,获得了一个叶片上完全没有表皮毛的突变体M12-01,遗传分析表明M12-01 single突变表型受隐性单核基因控制。M12-01 single突变体表型与拟南芥TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABKA 1(TTG1)基因的功能缺失突变体表型相似。对TTG1基因的测序结果显示其+445位碱基由鸟嘌呤突变为腺嘌呤,从而使编码的甘氨酸变为精氨酸。本研究证实TTG1突变能增强gl2-3突变体的表型,GL2基因与TTG1基因之间存在遗传互作,这为进一步研究GL2调控植物表皮毛发育的分子机制提供了新的遗传材料。 相似文献
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在发掘和鉴定调控植物表皮毛发育的新因子过程中,获得了一个表皮毛发育异常的拟南芥隐性突变体abt3-1(aberrantly branched trichome 3-1)。与野生型拟南芥(Col-0)相比,其表皮毛分支数目明显增加。另外,abt3-1还表现出植株小、叶形宽、叶色发灰、主根短等发育缺陷。利用图位克隆技术将该突变基因ABT3定位在1号染色体上,分子标记在F28G11#3与F4N21#1之间,物理距离为134kb。该研究将为进一步克隆ABT3基因及研究其在调控植物生长发育过程中的作用奠定基础。 相似文献
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植物表皮毛发育的分子遗传控制 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
植物表皮毛是一种特化的单细胞表皮结构。近年来,通过对拟南芥表皮毛的分子遗传研究已发现了多个直接控制表皮毛发育的基因,它们都编码转录因子,包括M^1YB类转录因子(GLABROUS1、WEREWOLF、TRIPTY-CHON、CAPRICE),含WD40重复序列的转录因子(TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1),bHLH类转录因子(GLABROUS3)。含HD—ZIP的转录因子(GLABROUS2),WRKY类转录因子(TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA2)。进一步的实验证明GL1/WER—GL3—TTG1通过形成一个转录调控复合体来控制表皮毛和根毛的发育。在根毛和表皮毛的发育过程中,临近的细胞竞争表达这些转录因子决定原初细胞的命运(包括GL1/WER,GL3,TTG1,GL2),同时,还表达一些转录因子阻止临近细胞接受这个命运(包括TRY和CPC)。此外,这一复合体还是其他器官(如种皮、下胚轴气孔等)发育所共用的一种调控机制。 相似文献
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通过激光扫描共聚焦显微镜,利用不同种类(波长)的激光研究拟南芥叶片气孔发生与发育。结果表明,利用紫外激光(351nm)扫描可以清楚观察到拟南芥表皮各种细胞及其发生发育的形态变化,包括表皮毛细胞、副卫细胞、保卫细胞、铺垫表皮细胞等。气孔发生过程中,首先原表皮细胞不对称分裂产生拟分生组织和副卫细胞,接着分化出保卫细胞母细胞,进一步发育形成保卫细胞,最终形成气孔器。气孔分化完成后,保卫细胞在紫外激光下不产生荧光,但利用蓝光激发(488nm)辅助荧光素染色,可清晰地看到保卫细胞。结果表明,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜在拟南芥叶表皮细胞形态研究上有独特的功能。 相似文献
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棉花胚珠内种皮特异基因GhIAA16的分离鉴定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)纤维是由胚珠外珠被表皮细胞发育形成的一种单细胞表皮毛。为了分析鉴定与棉花胚珠发育相关的基因,本文通过cDNA阵列方法分离了25个在开花前后棉花胚珠中差异表达的基因。其中一个基因与拟南芥IAA16具有很高的同源性,并命名为GhIAA16。 该基因编码一个208个氨基酸组成预测蛋白。分子生物学分析表明它在棉花基因组中以单拷贝形式存在,而且在棉花胚珠内种皮(endothelium)中特异表达。GhIAA16是棉花中第一个分离到的内种皮特异表达的基因,本文对它在棉花胚珠发育中的可能功能进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Arabidopsis trichomes are an excellent model system to study all aspects of cell differentiation including cell fate determination, cell cycle regulation, cell polarity and cell expansion. Genetic analysis had initially identified mutants affecting trichome development at different developmental stages. During recent years, molecular analysis of the corresponding genes has revealed a first glimpse of the underlying molecular mechanisms. This paper summarizes some of the recent insights regarding the mechanisms of trichome development. 相似文献
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Marks MD Betancur L Gilding E Chen F Bauer S Wenger JP Dixon RA Haigler CH 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2008,56(3):483-492
A new procedure has been developed for the isolation of wild-type and mutant Arabidopsis trichomes. The isolated trichomes maintained enzymatic activity and were used for DNA, protein, and RNA isolation. The RNA was used to generate probes suitable for Affymetrix analysis. The validity of the Affymetrix results was confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis on a subset of genes that are preferentially expressed in trichomes or leaves. Sufficient quantities of trichomes were isolated to probe the biochemical nature of trichome cell walls. These analyses provide evidence for the presence of lignin in Arabidopsis trichome cell walls. The monosaccharide analysis and positive staining with ruthenium red indicates that the walls also contain a large portion of pectin. The 2.23-fold ratio of pectin-related sugars compared with potential cellulosic glucose suggests that the polysaccharides of the trichome cell walls are more like those of typical primary walls even though the wall becomes quite thick. Overall, these analyses open the door to using the Arabidopsis trichome cell wall as an excellent model to probe various questions concerning plant cell wall biosynthesis. 相似文献
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Roles of the GLABROUS1 and TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA Genes in Arabidopsis Trichome Development 总被引:11,自引:5,他引:6 下载免费PDF全文
Arabidopsis trichomes are branched, single-celled epidermal hairs. These specialized cells provide a convenient model for investigating the specification of cell fate in plants. Two key genes regulating the initiation of trichome development are GLABROUS1 (GL1) and TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA (TTG). GL1 is a member of the myb gene family. The maize R gene, which can functionally complement the Arabidopsis ttg mutation, encodes a basic helix-loop-helix protein. We used constitutively expressed copies of the GL1 and R genes to test hypotheses about the roles of GL1 and TTG in trichome development. The results support the hypothesis that TTG and GL1 cooperate at the same point in the trichome developmental pathway. Furthermore, the constitutive expression of both GL1 and R in the same plant caused trichomes to develop on all shoot epidermal surfaces. Results were also obtained indicating that TTG plays an additional role in inhibiting neighboring cells from becoming trichomes. 相似文献