Effect of carbendazim and mancozeb combinationon Alternaria leaf blight and seed yield in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)

Abstract

Leaf blight caused by Alternaria helianthi (Hansf.) Tubaki & Nishihara, is the major disease of sunflower affecting the successful cultivation across India. Five individual fungicides and two combination fungicides were evaluated against this pathogen in laboratory and in field experiments. Among them, the combination of carbendazim + mancozeb completely (100%) inhibited the mycelial growth of A. helianthi, irrespective of the concentrations tested followed by carbendazim alone and metalaxyl + mancozeb under in vitro condition. In field conditions, the combination of carbendazim + mancozeb was found to be highly effective in reducing the leaf blight disease of sunflower in all the three experiments as compared to other fungicides and unsprayed control. The reduction of Alternaria leaf blight was also directly associated with an increase in seed yield. The economics of the fungicides spray has been worked out and the benefit cost ratio for the combination of carbendazim + mancozeb at 2.0 g/l was 7.1 as compared to unsprayed control. The overall analysis of the results revealed that the combination of carbendazim + mancozeb at 2.0 g/l can be used for the management of foliar diseases such as Alternaria leaf spot/blight in agricultural crops.     

In vitro screening of systemic fungicides against Phomopsis azadirachtae,the incitant of die-back of neem

Abstract

Phomopsis azadirachtae Sateesh, Bhat & Devaki is the causal organism of die-back of neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) which is, presently, a major crippling disease of neem in India. Six systemic fungicides such as Bavistin (carbendazim), Contaf (hexaconazole), Beam (tricyclazole), Fuji-one (isoprothiolane) Roko (thiophanate methyl) and Downymil (metalaxyl) were evaluated against P. azadirachtae under in vitro conditions. Colony diameter, mycelial dry weight, pycnidial formation and the germ tube length of the pathogen were the parameters studied. The results indicated that carbendazim was the most effective in inhibiting the growth followed by thiophanate methyl. Among the different concentrations tested, carbendazim at 0.25 ppm and thiophanate methyl at 0.75 ppm were optimum for controlling the growth of the pathogen. Both these fungicides can be utilized for the control of die-back of neem.     

Evaluation of fungicides to control potato late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in the plains of Nepal

Fungicide application is an effective management option to control late blight of potato (caused by Phytophthora infestans). Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of recently introduced and previously used fungicides on late blight management and potato yields in the western plains of Nepal in 2015 and 2016 crop seasons. Fungicides and a non-treated control (NTC) were replicated three times in a randomized block design planted with late blight susceptible cultivar Cardinal. Chlorothalonil, copper oxychloride, dimethomorph, fenamidone + mancozeb, mancozeb and metalaxyl were sprayed in 2015. In 2016, carbendazim was used instead of chlorothalonil. The area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was consistently reduced in years by dimethomorph (90% and 65% in 2015 and 2016, respectively), fenamidone + mancozeb (68% and 62%) and mancozeb (40% and 47%) compared with the NTC. Similarly, tuber yield was increased with the application of dimethomorph (266% and 146% in 2015 and 2016, respectively), fenamidone + mancozeb (211% and 155%) and mancozeb (136% and 116%) compared with the NTC. Chlorothalonil reduced AUDPC by 43% and increased tuber yield by 170% in 2015. Other fungicides either had inconsistent results or did not reduce late blight severity and consequent effects on potato yield. The overall benefit–cost ratio was highest for dimethomorph in both years. These results show efficacy of dimethomorph, fenamidone + mancozeb and mancozeb in reducing late blight severity and increasing potato tuber yield in the plains of Nepal.     

Eco-friendly approaches for the management of fenugreek root rot

To evolve eco-friendly management of fenugreek root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani, a field trial was conducted during Kharif 2002 and Rabi seasons of 2002–2003 and 2003–2004. Experiments were conducted with eight treatments and three replications in RBD using the variety CO-2. The pooled analysis of the three season data showed that seed treatment with Trichoderma viride at 4g/kg of seed + soil application of Trichoderma viride at 5 kg/ha + soil application of neem cake at 150 kg/ha (T₃) recorded a percent disease index (PDI) of 23.1 versus 65.5 PDI in the control which accounted for a disease reduction of 64.7%. It was on par with seed treatment with Trichoderma viride at 4g/kg of seed + soil application of T. viride at 5 kg/ha (T₂) which reduced the disease incidence by 62.3% (24.7 PDI). The chemical treatment used for comparison, i.e. seed treatment with carbendazim + soil drenching at 0.1% + soil application of neem cake at 150 kg/ha recorded the lowest PDI of 16.8 with 74.4% disease reduction. Among the various treatments T₃ gave a seed yield of 572.7 kg/ha followed by T₂ (555.7 kg/ha). Treatment T₇ recorded the highest yield of 578.7 kg/ha. In the control plot the recorded yield was only 359.3 kg/ha. Though T₃ was more effective at reducing the disease incidence than T₂, the C:B ratio was higher (1:9.1) in respect of T₂ than T₃, which gave a C:B ratio of only 1:3.9. Hence, seed treatment with T. viride at 4g/kg + soil application of T. viride at 5kg/ha is a cost effective, eco-friendly management strategy for fenugreek root rot.     

Reduced sensitivity of tomato early blight pathogen (Alternaria solani) isolates to protectant fungicides,and implication on disease control

The sensitivity of Alternaria solani isolates to the fungicides mancozeb and chlorothalonil was evaluated, to determine if inadequate disease management by these fungicides could be attributed to reduced sensitivity of A. solani isolates to these fungicides. The sensitivity of 60 isolates of A. solani was assessed using the inhibition of radial mycelial growth (RG) method, using fungicide concentrations of 0, 1.0, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 μg a.i ml^?1 medium. EC₅₀ was calculated for each isolate and fungicide combination. The EC₅₀ values of different A. solani isolates to mancozeb ranged from 9.05 to 712.65 μg ml^?1. EC₅₀ values of different isolates to chlorothalonil ranged from 4.25 to 849.4 μg ml^?1. The percentage of isolates with reduced sensitivity was 46.7 and 53.3% for mancozeb and chlorothalonil, respectively. Results of the in vivo tests demonstrated decline in disease control by the two fungicides with the reduced-sensitivity isolates compared to the sensitive ones.     

Bioagent based integrated management of Phytophthora blight of pigeonpea

Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora drechsleri f. sp. cajani) is one of the major yield limiting factors of short duration varieties of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan). For eco-friendly and sustainable management of the disease, four antagonists, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma viride and T. hamatum, were evaluated under in vitro and in vivo conditions. P. fluorescens produced maximum inhibition zone, while Trichoderma species overgrew on the host mycelium and caused lysis. The fungicides apron (metalaxyl), ridomil MZ (metalaxyl + mancozeb), capton (captaf), difolatan (captafol), thiram (tetramethylthiuram disulphide) and bavistin (carbendazim) at both 0.3 and 0.6% were found to be compatible with P. fluorescens while B. subtilis was compatible only with apron at 0.3%. T. viride grew and sporulated well at 0.3 and 0.6% apron and 0.2% ridomil MZ. The bioagents proved to have potential and those which were compatible under in vitro were evaluated under field conditions. The efficacy of fungicide in combination with bioagents was greater compared to fungicide alone. The integration of P. fluorescens with apron or ridomil MZ as seed treatment significantly reduced the Phytophthora blight incidence and enhanced seed germination and grain yield.     

Fungicide control of Stenocarpella Maydis in the Nigerian Savanna

A survey of farmers' fields in the Savanna zone of Nigeria in 1999 indicated the presence of stalk and cob rots of maize at incidence rates of 15?–?43% and disease severity of 2.0?–?6.7. The causal organism was identified as Stenocarpella maydis (?=?Diplodia maydis). S. maydis was found to reduce seed germination by up to 29.2%. Laboratory and screen house experiments were used to evaluate the efficacy of six seed treatment fungicides indicated that Luxan (a local fungicide of unknown composition), benomyl (Benlate) and mancozeb (Dithane M-45) were more effective than metalaxyl?+?carboxin?+?furathiocarp (Apron-plus), carbendazin?+?maneb (Delsene M) and tetramethylthiuram disulphide?+?hexachlorobenzene (thiram?+?HCB) in controlling S. maydis. Stalk rot severity increased with increasing fertilization rates.     

Management of the late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato in the southern hills of India

Late blight of potato is considered to be the most devastating problem causing severe yield losses in potato worldwide. Among the different management strategies, the use of resistant cultivars is the most viable option, but the non‐availability of enough quantity of quality seed materials of resistant cultivars forces the farmers to grow susceptible cultivars with proper fungicide scheduling. Therefore, in the present study, chemical control using fungicide has been attempted with newer molecules in the susceptible cultivar along with a resistant cultivar as a positive control. All the tested fungicides were found safe, and no phytotoxicity was observed with any chemical at the applied rate. In resistant cultivar, no late blight was appeared in both the years, whereas maximum AUDPC was observed in the untreated control (276.3) and minimum (41.7) in mancozeb‐cymoxanil + mancozeb based scheduling which was found on par with chlorothalonil‐famoxadone + cymoxanil (51.3) and chlorothalonil‐ametoctradin + dimethomorph (53.5) based scheduling. Among the treatments, resistant cultivar, Kufri Girdhari followed by chlorothalonil‐ametoctradin + dimethomorph and mancozeb‐cymoxanil + mancozeb based fungicidal scheduling were proven as the best treatments for both the crop seasons resulting in the highest yield parameters. The disease severity showed a strong negative correlation with the tuber yield of potatoes in both the years. Based on overall observations including BC ratio, it can be concluded that, wherever seed material of resistant cultivar is available farmers should grow the same or else with susceptible cultivars the fungicidal scheduling based on mancozeb‐cymoxanil + mancozeb or chlorothalonil‐ametoctradin + dimethomorph can be followed to obtain the maximum returns with effective management of late blight at the southern hills of India.     

In vitro and In vivo Effects of Some Fungicides against the Chickpea Blight Pathogen, Ascochyta rabiei

The effects of various fungicides on mycelial growth and spore germination of Ascochyta rabiei were determined by incorporating them into potato dextrose agar and measuring colony diameter and observing colony growth and spore germination at 20 ± 2°C. Eight fungicides prevented spore germination of the pathogen at concentrations of 0.125–2 μg/ml, three hindered mycelial growth at 2–4 μg/ml and seven failed to inhibit mycelial growth even at 128 μg/ml. The reference fungicide for the pathogen, chlorothalonil, stopped conidial germination at low rates but did not prevent mycelial growth at 128 μg/ml. Thirteen fungicides were tested against seed infections of the pathogen, and benomyl + thiram, carbendazim and carbendazim + chlorothalonil seed treatments gave more than 85% inhibition on both vacuum‐infiltrated and naturally infected seeds. Coating the seeds with polymers did not increase the effectiveness of fungicides. Three fungicides; (azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil and mancozeb), gave the highest protection in the field but protection decreased with increased inoculum pressure. Addition of humic acid to fungicide suspensions did not affect their performance.     

Phosphate solubilization by stress-tolerant soil fungus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Talaromyces funiculosus</Emphasis> SLS8 isolated from the Neem rhizosphere

A promising biotechnological strategy in the management of phosphorus (P) fertilization is the use of phosphate-solubilizing fungi to solubilize rock phosphates and allow the recovery of unavailable P fixed to soil particles. Phosphate-solubilizing rhizosphere fungus, Talaromyces funiculosus SLS8, isolated from Neem (Azadirachta indica) on saline soil, was tolerant to environmental stressors, salinity and agricultural systemic fungicides. Phosphate solubilization under different nutritional conditions was investigated by culturing T. funiculosus SLS8 in Pikovskaya liquid medium containing different nitrogen sources (ammonium sulfate, casein, urea, potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate) and carbon sources (glucose, fructose, galactose or sucrose), NaCl, and three systemic fungicides. The highest concentration of solubilised phosphate (187 mg P L^?1) was achieved after 5 days of incubation in the medium with glucose and ammonium sulphate. The culture pH decreased from 6.5 to 4.2 and HPLC demonstrated organic acid production. Phosphate solubilized was highly negatively correlated with pH (r?=??0.96). Increasing salinity had no effect on phosphate solubilization. The maximum tolerance limits to systemic fungicides carbendazim, mancozeb, and hexaconazole were 12.5 μg mL^?1, 2,000 μg mL^?1 and 250 μl mL^?1 respectively. At these concentrations carbendazim, mancozeb and hexaconazole were found to decrease phosphate solubilization by 55 %, 37 %, and 30 %, respectively. Our results indicate that T. funiculosus SLS8 may be a potential candidate for the development of a biofertilizer for maintaining available phosphate levels in environmentally stressed soils such as saline agricultural soils impacted by systemic fungicide application or seed treatment.     

Bioremediation of Fungicides by Spent Mushroom Substrate and Its Associated Microflora

Experiments were conducted both under in vitro and in situ conditions to determine the biodegradation potential of button mushroom spent substrate (SMS) and its dominating microbes (fungi and bacteria) for carbendazim and mancozeb, the commonly used agricultural fungicides. During 6 days of incubation at 30 ± 2°C under broth culture conditions, highest degradation of carbendazim (17.45%) was recorded with B-1 bacterial isolate, while highest degradation of mancozeb (18.05%) was recorded with Trichoderma sp. In fungicide pre-mixed sterilized SMS, highest degradation of carbendazim (100.00–66.50 μg g⁻¹) was recorded with mixed inoculum of Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus sp., whereas highest degradation of mancozeb (100.00–50.50 μg g⁻¹) was with mixed inoculum of Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp. and B–I bacterial isolate in 15 days of incubation at 30 ± 2°C. All these microbes both individually as well as in different combinations grew well and produced extracellular lignolytic enzymes on SMS, which helped in fungicides degradation. Under in situ conditions, among three different proportions of SMS (10, 20 and 30%, w/w) mixed with fungicide pre-mixed soil (100 μg g⁻¹ of soil), the degradation of carbendazim was highest in 30% SMS treatment, while for mancozeb it was in 20% SMS treatment. The residue levels of both fungicides decreased to half of their initial concentration after 1 month of SMS mixing.     

Effect of combination of bio-agents and mineral nutrients for the management of alfalfa wilt pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis

Abstract

Biological and nutrient management of soil borne disease is increasingly gaining stature as a possible practical and safe approach. Inhibitory effects of fungal and bacterial antagonists were tested under in vitro conditions against the wilt pathogen of alfalfa Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis. Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens (PI 5) were found to be effective against the alfalfa wilt pathogen. Manganese sulphate at 500 and 750 ppm inhibited the mycelial growth of F. oxysporumf. sp. medicaginis under in vitro conditions. In pot culture studies, manganese sulphate at 12.5 mg/kg reduced the wilt incidence (23.33%). Combined application of manganese sulphate 12.5 mg/kg + T. harzianum 1.25 mg/kg of soil significantly reduced the wilt incidence accompanied by improved plant growth and yield in pot culture. The mixture of manganese sulphate (25 kg/ha) + T. harzianum (2.5 kg/ha) significantly reduced the wilt incidence when applied as a basal dose in the field conditions. The average mean of disease reduction was 62.42% over control.     

Integrated management of fusarial wilt of tomato with implementation of soil solarisation

Fusarial wilt of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a very common and severe disease occurring in most of the vegetable fields in West Bengal, India. Potenciation and formulation of different fungicidal chemicals and phytoextracts were evaluated against the growth of the pathogen wherein carbendazim (bavistin) and leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica (neem) were recorded to be most effective. Combined treatment with 4 ml neem leaf extract and 1 ml captan (0.01%) or with 4 ml garlic bulb extract and 1 ml captan (0.01%) exhibited 100% growth inhibition of the pathogen. Integrated control of the pathogen with phytoextracts, fungicide and biocontrol agents was carried out. Among the treatments, a combination with extracts of neem, captan (0.01%) and metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum was proved to be superior over the other. Field experiment with three fungicides at 0.5% concentration was carried out in randomised block design where application of bavistin showed up to 62.27% reduction of wilt infection in tomato plants. Soil solarisation of tomato field showed 62.50 and 66.69% reduction of infection during the trial years. However, integration of soil solarisation with the applications of T. harzianum, captan (0.01%) and neem resulted in 100% reduction of infection and thus it was recorded as the most effective treatment in reducing the incidence of the disease.     

Effects of fungicide timing on control of Rhynchosporium secalis in barley plants

Sprays of captafol, carbendazim, carbendazim + tridemorph + maneb, diclobutrazol, triadimefon or triadimefon + carbendazim all completely protected barley plants in a glasshouse against R. secalis for at least 30 days. However, their effectiveness in preventing disease development when applied after inoculation differed: triadimefon, traidimefon + carbendazim, or diclobutrazol were the most effective, completely preventing symptom development when applied up to 5 days after inoculation to plants grown above 16 °C, and up to 8 days below 8 °C. All the fungicides decreased the number of viable conidia produced by leaf blotch lesions, and when applied to infected plants at G. S. 30, greatly decreased the upward spread of the disease under simulated rain conditions; the most effective fungicides in these respects were triadimefon and triadimefon + carbendazim. The above fungicides and fungicide mixtures, together with the recently introduced materials fenpropimorph and propiconazole were applied to diseased winter barley crops in winter or in spring. All treatments decreased leaf blotch development and increased yields. In most cases, a winter application was more effective than spring applications, particularly if applied in mid-November. The most effective fungicides were triadimefon and propiconazole. The field trials data fitted well with the predictions of performance indicated by the glasshouse investigations.     

Fungal foliar diseases in Withania somnifera and its effect on secondary metabolites

Withania somnifera is a promising revitalizing medicinal herb. The plant is affected by foliar diseases in Lakkavalli forest region of Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary. The symptomatology of foliar fungal disease incidence, severity and distribution in the study area was examined during 2006–2009. The seedborne nature and transmission of the causal pathogen and its management with seed dressing fungicides were studied. The results of the study indicated that Alternaria alternata caused severe leaf spot disease, while Myrothecium roridum and Fusarium oxysporum caused minor diseases. Based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS2) regions of rDNA, the major pathogen was identified as A. alternata. The disease is homogeneously distributed in Lakkavalli forest region and high severity is recorded during November. Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum were the dominant seedborne pathogens that are transmitted to seedlings. Among the seed dressing fungicides used, Hyzeb was the most effective, followed by Captra, Antracol and Bavistin, in reducing the incidence of A. alternata and other seedborne fungi. The infected W. somnifera foliages had decreased steroids and alkaloids and increased phenolics and flavonoids. Analysis of alkaloids in diseased foliages by high performance thin layer chromatography indicated the occurrence of transformed compounds at R_f = 0.1, 0.77 (254 nm) and 0.2 (366 nm).     

黑杨水培中营养液抑菌处理研究

水培条件下进行快速繁殖是大量生产黑杨种苗的途径之一 ,营养液的抑菌处理是水培的一个重要方面。该研究进行了二硫氰甲烷、中生菌素、敌磺钠、链霉素、青霉素等五种杀细菌剂和多菌灵、福美双、三唑酮等三种杀真菌剂的抑菌试验 ,结果表明 ,杀细菌剂对微生物生长的抑制率要高于杀真菌剂 ,二硫氰甲烷和中生菌素能较好地抑制营养液中微生物的生长 ,浓度分别为 2 0mg/L和 1 5mg/L时 ,抑制率分别为 75 .60 %和78 94%。杀真菌剂和杀细菌剂复配对营养液中微生物生长的抑制表现出较好的加和作用 ,其中以中生菌素(1 5mg/L)与福美双 (5mg/L)复配的效果最好 ,抑制率为 87.48%。     

In vitro and greenhouse evaluations of Trichoderma isolates for biological control of potato wilt disease (Fusarium solani)

The biological efficacy of Trichoderma species may differ due to variations in ecosystems. This study was conducted to assess the biocontrol efficacy of some native Trichoderma isolates against Fusarium solani, an important causal agent of potato wilt disease under laboratory and greenhouse conditions at Shahrood Agricultural Research Centre, Shahrood, Iran, during 2006–2007. Fourteen isolates were collected among which eight showed promising ability in inhibiting the growth of the pathogen through dual culture and production of volatile and non-volatile inhibitors but T. brevicompactum (T1), T. longibrachiatum (T5) and T. asperellum (T2) were almost better than other isolates in inhibiting the mycelial growth of the pathogen in comparison to control in the above three tests (p ≤ 0.01). Isolates performing mycoparasitism under in vitro condition were evaluated against the disease in pot culture under greenhouse condition. In all treatments in which Trichoderma isolates + F. solani were involved lower disease incidence was noticed in comparison to Fusarium-infested control (p ≤ 0.05). Best disease control was observed in potted plants treated with F. solani + T. longibrachiatum (T5) with 6.25% disease incidence in comparison to Fusarium-infested control, in which disease incidence was observed to be 75%. Interaction of T. brevicompactum (T1) and F. solani also indicated good control of the disease by 12.50% of disease incidence.     

A Fusarium solani endophyte vs fungicides: Compatibility in a Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici – tomato pathosystem

The potential of FsK, a non-pathogenic endophytic Fusarium solani strain, to be utilized as a biocontrol agent in combination with nine selected fungicides registered in tomato crops in Greece was evaluated. In vitro fungitoxicity tests revealed that FsK was insensitive to doses exceeding 100 μg/mL of thiophanate-methyl, fenhexamid, cyprodinil, boscalid and mancozeb. On the contrary, prochloraz, fludioxonil, pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole were most toxic to FsK. None of the later fungicides affected conidial production in an adverse way. Drenching of tomato plants with the above fungicides at recommended doses did not significantly affect colonization of tomato roots by FsK as revealed by in vitro isolation and Real Time PCR quantification. The disease suppressive ability of FsK against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.radicis lycopersici (FORL) was not adversely affected by the post-inoculation application of commercial formulations of fludioxonil (Switch) and pyraclostrobin (Comet) at the recommended doses. Even more, the Comet–FsK combination resulted in enhanced disease suppression compared to either of the two treatments applied individually. In conclusion, not only biocontrol agent FsK is suitable for use in tomato integrated disease management programs that include all tested fungicides but also, some FsK –fungicide combinations can have additive effect against FORL disease incidence.     

Fungitoxic Effects of Extracts of Azadirachta Indica against Cochliobolus Miyabeanus causing Brown Spot Disease of Rice

The oil extract from seeds of Azadirachta indica as well as water and ethanol leaf extracts of the plant were effective in reducing the radial growth of Cochliobolus miyabeanus in culture and in checking the spread of brown spot disease in rice. The oil extract was found to be the most effective, followed by ethanol leaf extract, in inhibiting the growth of the pathogen in vitro and in checking the development of the disease in vivo . Although the cold water extract from the plant leaf reduced the radial growth of the pathogen in culture, it failed to reduce the incidence and severity of the disease as effectively as the oil and ethanol extracts. The oil and ethanol extracts compared favourably with carbendazim (Bavistin) at 0.1% a.i and have the potential for control of brown spot disease of rice in the field.     

In vitro and in vivo bio-assay of phytobiocidal effect of plant extracts on Alternaria solani causing agent of early blight disease in tomato

The efficacy of six locally available plants extract was evaluated for their phytobiocidal effect on Alternaria solani the causal agent of early blight (EB) disease of tomato and was compared with commercial fungicide mancozeb under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Under in vitro conditions, Eucalyptus globus and Datura alba were found to be ineffective, while the remaining plants extract (Allium sativum, Curcuma longa, Melia azedarach, Zingiber officinale) significantly reduced A. solani growth on PDA. Increasing concentrations of A. sativum (0–25%) were found negatively correlated with growth of A. solani on PDA. Among the tested plants, A. sativum extract at 20% concentration was found most effective against A. solani witnessed by both in vitro and in vivo experiments result. It reduced EB disease up to 75.11% over positive control. Similarly, among the different plants extract, maximum plant height (76.25 cm), fruit size (57.50 cm³) and yield (511.30 g) were observed in A. sativum sprayed treatments (20%), beside mancozeb and negative control. Upon phytochemical analysis of these extracts, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides and steroids were detected. Present study showed that 20% concentration of garlic extract has the potential to reduce EB disease severity, while having no noticeable phytotoxicity.