创建大型复合低压舱扩大医学实验平台种类

本文主要阐述了一种大型复合低压舱的研制及其在医学实验中的应用。该复合低压舱可模拟高原低气压,高温、低温、干热、紫外线照射等环境因素,其可模拟单一气候条件,也可以通过调控模拟出各种现场的复合气候环境。本舱为西北部队卫勤保障研究提供了实验平台,满足极端气候条件下战创伤救治及药物等相关研究及急进高原人员习服性训练等。本研究的成果扩大了动物实验平台建设,完善了实验医学平台的种类。     

Evaluation of nitrogen fixation by bacteria in association with roots of tropical grasses

[This corrects the article on p. 494 in vol. 44.][This corrects the article on p. 496 in vol. 44.][This corrects the article on p. 498 in vol. 44.][This corrects the article on p. 499 in vol. 44.][This corrects the article on p. 503 in vol. 44.][This corrects the article on p. 506 in vol. 44.][This corrects the article on p. 507 in vol. 44.][This corrects the article on p. 512 in vol. 44.][This corrects the article on p. 513 in vol. 44.][This corrects the article on p. 517 in vol. 44.].     

Survey of numerical techniques for grouping

[This corrects the article on p. 379 in vol. 35.][This corrects the article on p. 381 in vol. 35.][This corrects the article on p. 384 in vol. 35.][This corrects the article on p. 387 in vol. 35.][This corrects the article on p. 388 in vol. 35.][This corrects the article on p. 389 in vol. 35.].     

A stochastic bioburden model for spacecraft sterilization

An important factor in the calculation of sterilization cycles for spacecraft is the bioburden on the surface of the spacecraft at the start of the cycle. This bioburden must be predicted by the use of models. This paper presents a stochastic model for the prediction of the bioburden on the surfaces of spacecraft. This model has many desirable properties as well as being consistent with observations.This work was conducted under Contract No. W-12,853, Planetary Programs, Office, of Space Science and Applications, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.     

Hypothesis Testing Procedures for a Series of Independent Fourfold Tables under Inverse Sampling

This paper considers four summary test statistics, including the one recently proposed by Bennett (1986, Biometrical Journal 28, 859–862), for hypothesis testing of association in a series of independent fourfold tables under inverse sampling. This paper provides a systematic and quantitative evaluation of the small-sample performance for these summary test statistics on the basis of a Monte Carlo simulation. This paper notes that the test statistic developed by Bennett (1986) can be conservative and thereby possibly lose the power when the underlying disease is not rare. This paper also finds that for given a fixed total number of cases in each table, the conditional test statistic is the best in controlling type I error among all test statistics considered here.     

Augmented Inverse Probability Weighted Estimator for Cox Missing Covariate Regression

This article investigates an augmented inverse selection probability weighted estimator for Cox regression parameter estimation when covariate variables are incomplete. This estimator extends the Horvitz and Thompson (1952, Journal of the American Statistical Association 47, 663-685) weighted estimator. This estimator is doubly robust because it is consistent as long as either the selection probability model or the joint distribution of covariates is correctly specified. The augmentation term of the estimating equation depends on the baseline cumulative hazard and on a conditional distribution that can be implemented by using an EM-type algorithm. This method is compared with some previously proposed estimators via simulation studies. The method is applied to a real example.     

Object exchange between captive chimpanzees: a case report

Intelligent resource exchange usually has been thought of as a strictly human phenomenon. Some searchers demonstrated experimentally that chimpanzees have the necessary cognitive capacities to exchange food with humans. This short article presents the first example of an immediate and spontaneous exchange of objects between chimpanzees. This exchange between Spock and Maya is not a direct exchange of objects, from hand to hand, as would be observed among humans. This leads us to suppose that exchange, if it really occurs amongst wild chimpanzees, is done indirectly, through the more or less concomitant deposit of the objects or food items on the ground, maybe because chimpanzees are quadrupedal animals. This observation is discussed in relation to the notion of reciprocity used in anthropological and sociological studies.     

Production of Anticapsin by Streptomyces griseoplanus

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Denitrification in Low pH Spodosols and Peats Determined with the Acetylene Inhibition Method

[This corrects the article on p. 235 in vol. 40.][This corrects the article on p. 236 in vol. 40.][This corrects the article on p. 238 in vol. 40.][This corrects the article on p. 239 in vol. 40.].     

Rapid radiometric method for detection of salmonella in foods

[This corrects the article on p. 223 in vol. 40.][This corrects the article on p. 225 in vol. 40.][This corrects the article on p. 226 in vol. 40.][This corrects the article on p. 229 in vol. 40.].     

A novel method of determination of the internal enzyme distribution within porous solid supports and the deactivation rate constant

This article presents a method for determining the rate constant for deactivation and the internal distribution of immobilized enzyme. This method makes use of the parallel deactivation process in a diffusion-controlled regime, in which the internal activity profile behaves like a penetration front. This front basically traces through the initial active enzymatic profile, and one can determine the internal profile and the rate constant for deactivation from the experimentally observable bulk concentration versus time. This method is applied to the experimental data of the system of hydrogen-peroxide-immobilized catalase on controlled pore glass and Si-Al particles.     

Membrane destabilizations supporting electropermeabilization

The cell membrane can be permeabilized when subjected to calibrated short electric pulses. This membrane alteration can be reversible, leaving cell viability unaffected. This set of events is called Electropermeabilization. This is now used in clinical applications to introduce hydrophilic drugs into the cytoplasm. While an empirical control of the electrical parameters is obtained, our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms supporting the membrane alteration is very limited. This paper gives a critical review of the limits of the models which are proposed by taking into account the different experimental approaches.     

Historical and Comparative Study of the First Spanish Vertebrate Paleoichnological Record and Bibliographic Review of the Spanish Chirotheriid Footprints

In 1897, Salvador Calderón y Arana published a study of the first vertebrate footprint from Spain. It was found in the Buntsandstein of Rillo de Gallo (Guadalajara), probably in the Rillo Mudstone and Sandstone Formation (middle Anisian-Landian). This isolated left pes imprint was classified as “Cheirotherium” sp. We conducted a historical study of this specimen, mentioned by several authors for more than a century, but never analyzed in detail. This well-preserved footprint, in which skin marks are present, is described here. Its characters are compared with those of valid chirotheriid ichnogenera. This work is complemented with a bibliographic analysis of the chirotheriid footprints recorded in Spain. This record is remarkable for its abundance and ichnodiversity.     

中国酸藻属(酸藻科)一新记录

报道大连产舌状酸藻的分类研究,该种是中国的新记录。     

Polymyxin B Enhances Formation of a New Pigment,a Peptide–Ferropyrimine Complex,in Serratia marcescens

We previously isolated a Serratia marcescens O5: HI Z-54 strain which produces a new reddish-violet pigment, a peptide- ferropyrimine complex. This study showed that polymyxin B enhances the formation of the pigment about threefold. This occurs because polymyxin B in the medium causes the formation of an iron-polymyxin B complex which imposes a low iron stress on the bacteria and, in turn, enhances pigment production. This shows that polymyxin B is both a membrane-disrupting and ionophoric antibiotic.     

基于心率检测的便携式儿童情绪感知系统研制

目的:检测儿童的情绪能力,从而检验儿童情绪能力发展是否正常以及协助训练孤独症儿童的情绪能力。方法:设计了一套便携式的儿童情绪感知系统,检测儿童的情绪能力。本系统由心率信号采集模块,PC机端的软件以及情绪能力数据分析组成。结果:研制的儿童情绪能力感知系统具有便携、可穿戴等优点,能够准确地检测儿童情绪能力。结论:儿童情绪能力感知系统能够检测使用者的情绪能力,也能够在儿童情绪能力干预训练中记录孤独症儿童的情绪变化,为干预训练提供帮助。     

用电脑编制古生物著作中属种名索引

古生物著作中，属种名索引为广大地质、古生物工作者阅读文献时提供了很大的方便。然而，人工编写属种名索引是一项繁琐的工作，并且稍有不慎便会出现差错，用电脑编制不仅节约时间，而且便于修改。本文介绍了用电脑编制古生物属种名索引的具体方法和步骤，这种方法灵活方便，易掌握，亦适用于其它相类似的表格编制。     

乳腺浸润性微乳头状癌的研究现状

乳腺浸润性微乳头状癌(IMPC)是乳腺浸润性癌的一种特殊类型,其发生率低,临床表现及影像学特征与普通的乳腺浸润性导管癌没有显著区别。这种病理类型可与普通浸润性导管癌混合出现,也可表现为单纯的浸润性微乳头状癌。但浸润性微乳头状癌具有独特的组织学形态及分子结构,决定了其病理学分级较高、易于发生淋巴结转移的侵袭性生物学行为特点。多数浸润性微乳头状癌在影像学上表现为边缘不清的不规则肿块影,常伴有微小钙化。其特征性病理形态为细胞膜上皮抗原(EMA)在肿瘤细胞簇外周的细胞和基质中腔隙边缘特异性染色,同时显微镜下瘤细胞表面发现微绒毛结构,说明了瘤细胞簇周围的空隙样结构实际上是管状腔隙,瘤细胞呈"极向倒转"方式排列。IMPC具有高度淋巴血管浸润倾向,局部复发率高,是一种预后较差的类型。本文对近年来关于乳腺浸润性微乳头状癌的研究进展进行了综述。     

Cloning and expression of the yeast galactokinase gene in an Escherichia coli plasmid.

This report describes the construction and isolation of a plasmid, derived from pBR322, which carries a BglII restriction fragment of DNA containing the galactokinase gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This was accomplished by the following procedure: (1) Purified galactokinase mRNA, labelled with 125I, was hybridized to BglII digests of yeast DNA employing Southern's filter transfer technique to identify a restriction fragment containing the galactokinase gene. (2) This fragment was partially purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, ligated into the BamHI site of pBR322 and transformed into Escherichia coli to generate a clone bank containing the galactokinase gene. (3) This bank was screened by in situ colony hybridization with galactokinase mRNA resulting in the identification of a plasmid carrying this gene. This plasmid DNA hybridized with the galactokinase mRNA to the same extent in the presence of absence of a large excess of unlabelled mRNA from cells that were not induced for galactokinase synthesis, while the same amount of unlabelled galactose-induced mRNA reduced the hybridization by 95%. When this plasmid was introduced into an E. coli strain deleted for the galactose operon it caused the synthesis of low levels of yeast galactokinase activity.