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1.
We examined the content of the coelenteron of Oulactis orientalis, Cnidopus japonicus, and Aulactinia sp. (family Actiniidae) inhabiting the intertidal area of Shikotan and Kunashir Islands (South Kuril Islands). The feeding characteristics (food spectrum, the index of filling of the coelenteron, the index of food similarity of the species, occurrence frequency, the index of trophic importance, and the proportions of certain components in the food pellet) allowed us to determine that the examined species are euryphagous.  相似文献   

2.
Four species of caryophyllid scleractinians, Caryophylla ambrosia, C. scobinosa, C. alaskensis, and Polymyces montereyensis, were recorded for the first time in the Sea of Okhotsk off the Kuril Islands. These findings extend the range for the species, of which three had previously been considered to be restricted to the tropical and warm Indopacific waters. These data will supplement regional reports on the bottom fauna of the most fertile and extensively commercially exploited continental shelf region of the North Pacific.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Biologiya Morya, Latypov.  相似文献   

3.
The paper describes the composition, structure and vertical distribution of intertidal communities in Severnyi Bay (the northern extremity of Sakhalin Island).  相似文献   

4.
The ratios between the indices of relative abundance for different trophic life forms have been used to characterize bionomical types of a rocky intertidal zone. It has been shown that the distribution of life forms is determined by the geomorphological peculiarities of the surveyed intertidal areas. A brief critical historical review has been provided of the terms bionomy and bionomical type.  相似文献   

5.
We studied the accumulation of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, and Ni in the thalluses of the brown alga Fucus evanescensdepending on the remoteness of the source of the income of metals into the coastal area of Shiashkotan, Yankicha, and Kunashir islands under the effects of recent gas-hydrothermal activities. It has been revealed that the range of the postvolcanic activity effects shows a local pattern and depends on the hydrochemical peculiarities of the source and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the water area.  相似文献   

6.
厦门潮间带春季鸟类群落的生态分析   总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18  
厦门岛位于台湾海峡西部,北纬24°20′,东经118°4′左右,属典型亚热带海洋性季风气候,年平均气温208℃,年降雨量约1100mm。厦门岛三面隔海与大陆相邻,一面潮向外海;潮汐是规则的半日潮,同时具有日潮不等的特征,潮间带每日两次暴露于空气中[5]。厦门鸟类区系及生态分布情况,曾有几位国外学者做过零星考察[2,7],但未有系统专门报道。关于潮间带鸟类群落研究的国内报道也尚不多见,仅有陆健健等对东海北部的行鸟鹬群落做过研究[4]。我们于3~5月间对厦门潮间带鸟类进行了调查,目的在于初步了解厦门不同地区潮间带的鸟类种类组成和数量状况,探…  相似文献   

7.
The paper describes the feeding of two phenotypically different forms of the snailfish Careproctus roseofuscus (Scorpaeniformes, Liparidae) from the Pacific waters of the northern Kuril Islands and southeastern Kamchatka. The diet in the first form is comprised of actiniae. The second form mostly feeds on fish eggs and the amphipod Metopa majuscula Gurjanova. The second form is supposed to be confined to the biocenosis of Ophiopholis aculeata + Spongia.  相似文献   

8.
Genetic resemblance of chars Salvelinus alpinus krasheninnikovi (Salvelinus malma krasheninnikovi) of 35 samples collected in five Kuril Islands--Shumshu, Paramushir, Onekotan, Iturup, and Kunashir--has been studied by the PCR-RAPD method. In the limits of each island, both resident isolates and anadromous forms give strictly supported clusters distinct from samples from the other islands. The samples from five islands form three superclusters: the first from Kunashir and Iturup Islands, the second from Paramushir and Onekotan Islands, and the third from Shumshu Island. The possible reasons for genetic similarity of resident and anadromous forms of Dolly Varden chars inhabiting reservoirs of a definite island are considered (the founder effect, homing, limited migration).  相似文献   

9.
This paper presents the results of studies on the morphology of arrowhead flounders, the Kamchatka flounder Atheresthes evermanni (35 specimens), and the American arrowtooth flounder A. stomias (37 specimens) collected in Pacific waters of the northern Kuril Islands and southeastern Kamchatka in 1998–1999. The morphology of the discussed species is compared with that of arrowtooth flounders from other areas. From this comparison, available information on the sharp increase in the density of the American arrowtooth flounder in the surveyed area (since 1997), and similarities in size compositions of the fish in Kuril and Aleutian waters, a conclusion has been made about the penetration of this species from Aleutian Pacific waters into the area of the northern Kuril Islands and southeastern Kamchatka. This is a result of expansion of the geographical range of this species due to general water warming in the northwestern Pacific during the second half of the 1990s.  相似文献   

10.
This paper describes the feeding habits of the snailfish Careproctus cf. cyclocephalus (Scorpaeniformes, Liparidae). The diet consisted mostly of crustaceans, among which decapods predominated comprising up to 69.3% of the mean biomass of food organisms. Small shrimp (Eualus biunguis and E. townsendi) dominated the diet making up over 40.9% of the total stomach fullness index.  相似文献   

11.
12.
The species and size composition of zooplankton and its seasonal biomass dynamics are discussed and the consumption of zooplankton by nekton organisms is estimated from the results of 12 integrated expeditions of the Pacific Center of Scientific Fisheries performed during 1991–1996 in the region of the South Kuril Islands.  相似文献   

13.
浙江渔山列岛岩礁潮间带大型底栖动物次级生产力   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
Jiao HF  Shi HX  You ZJ  Lou ZJ  Liu HD  Jin XF 《应用生态学报》2011,22(8):2173-2178
为揭示渔山列岛潮间带大型底栖动物现状,2009年3月至2010年1月在渔山列岛潮间带布设5条断面进行了4个季节的调查取样.利用Brey的经验公式计算了调查海区大型底栖动物栖息密度、生物量、次级生产力和P/B值.结果表明:该潮间带大型底栖动物平均栖息密度为1419.5ind.m-2,以去灰干质量(AFDM)计,平均生物量为565.53g.m-2,平均次级生产力为285.58g.m-2.a-1,P/B值为0.51.潮间带次级生产力受大型软体动物和甲壳类影响明显,5个关键生物种(条纹隔贻贝、偏顶蛤、覆瓦小蛇螺、日本笠藤壶和鳞笠藤壶)对次级生产力的贡献为84.0%.研究海域P/B值低于其他海域,说明该海域大型底栖动物世代更替速度较慢,群落结构较稳定.  相似文献   

14.
15.
The spatial patterns of sea anemones (genus: Anthopleura) were analyzed off the rocky intertidal of California. A. elegantissima partitions space in a regular or even pattern and interferes with conspecifics. Its associate A. xanthogrammica shows no signs of interference with conspecifics or congenerics and displays a clumped spatial distribution.  相似文献   

16.
It has been widely held that intertidal zonation boundaries and the tidal emersion levels are causally related: the critical tidal level hypothesis. In order to evaluate this hypothesis, the dispersion patterns of species boundaries on the intertidal rocky shores of Macquarie Island (sub-Antarctica) were examined using a restricted occupancy model to test the null hypothesis that the observed species were randomly dispersed along the tidal emersion gradient. Subsequently this investigation demonstrated that the intertidal species boundaries on Macquarie Island shores were randomly dispersed with respect to the tidal emersion gradient. Hence no prima facie evidence was found to support the critical tidal level hypothesis. This suggests that tidal emersion is not a significant factor structuring intertidal communities on Macquarie Island.  相似文献   

17.
The macrobenthos was sampled at 42 stations inDecember 1991 within a shallow eutrophic salt marsh pond, known as Palude della Rosa, located inside the VenetianLagoon, Italy. The benthic assemblages showed adistribution pattern made up of three different zonesreferred to in this paper as `Landward Zone',`Central Zone' and `Seaward Zone'. Thiszonation reflected both the distribution of the greenmacroalga Ulva rigidaAgardh and hydrology ofthe basin. The distribution patterns especially relateto the slow exchange of water due to the meanderingnature of channels surrounding the Palude dellaRosa.  相似文献   

18.
Observations of the unusual feeding behavior of Nausithoe punctata Kölliker and Linuche unguiculata (Schwartz) are presented. N. punctata captures small Zooplankton on its rigidly upward‐extended tentacles and then bends these down and inward, carrying prey to the mouth. L. unguiculata captures prey with its lappets. Prey is transported to the coelenteron by cilia in N. punctata and by muscular and ciliary activity in L. Unguiculata. N. punctata and L. unguiculata have the same reaction of lip flaring and manubrium bending toward proline and reduced glutathione. In the laboratory, both species eat copepods, other microcrusta‐ceans and larval fish, which are digested within two hours. On the basis of in situ photographs and functional morphology, it is likely that Atolla spp. and Periphylla periphylla (Péron and Lesueur) feed similarly to N. punctata. In these coronates, the coronal groove is important as a hinge to provide flexibility of the lappets when they fold inward during swimming and to contain prey during feeding.  相似文献   

19.
20.
The intent of this paper is to facilitate future research of the Solomon Islands ant fauna by providing the first comprehensively researched species inventory in over 75 years. The species list presented here includes the names of all ant species recorded from the islands that are available in the literature together with specimen records from several museum collections and new records from our 2008 Makira field expedition. All the names of described species presented are valid in accordance with the most recent Formicidae classification. In total, the checklist is composed of 237 species and subspecies (including 30 morphospecies) in 59 genera representing nine subfamilies. We report that the recent field expedition added 67 new species records to Makira and 28 new species records to the Solomon Islands. Our research recovered species occurrence records for 32 individual islands and five island groups. The five islands with the highest number of recorded species are: Makira (142 spp.), Guadalcanal (107 spp.), Malaita (70 spp.), Santa Isabel (68 spp.), and Rennell (66 spp.). Based on our results, we discuss the taxonomic composition of the archipelago’s ant fauna, which islands are most in need of additional sampling, and the importance of establishing biodiversity baselines before environmental threats such as the invasive ant Wasmannia auropunctata cause irrevocable harm to the native biodiversity.  相似文献   

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