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研究了10种绿化树对VA菌根的依赖性、感染率及其接种效应。结果表明:各参试树种对VA菌根都有不同程度的感染率及依赖性;其中黑金刚(Ficus elastica cv.Deocora Burgundy)接种感染率最高,达90%,巴西榕(Ficus elastica cv. Variegaa)、竹节树(Carallia brachiata)的接种感染率大于80%,接种感染率大于60%的有花金刚(Ficus elastica cv. Decora Tricolor)、红关公(Ficus elastica cv. Decora)、扭纹铁(Dracaena deremensis)、红桂木(Artocarpus nitidus subsp. lingnanensis),小于35%的有红楣(Anneslea fragrans)、伞花木(Eurycorymbus cavaleriei)、石楠(Photinia serrulata);黑金刚、巴西榕对VA菌根的依赖度最高,都超过了300%,红关公、花金刚对VA菌根的依赖度中等,分别为213.3%、203.5%;红桂木、竹节树、扭纹铁、石楠、红楣、伞花木对VA菌根依赖性偏弱,依赖度都在200%以下。参试树种菌根感染率和依赖度的排序基本一致。VA菌根对各参试树种均有不同程度的接种效应,对黑金刚、花金刚、红关公、巴西榕和竹节树的接种效应最为明显,对扭纹铁、红桂木的接种效应较好,而对石楠、红楣和伞花木则稍差。  相似文献   

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VA菌根真菌对石刁柏生长的影响   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
  相似文献   

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VA菌根降低植物对重金属镉的吸收   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
高等植物在漫长的进化过程中对环境产生种种适应机制。菌根的形成即是对自然土壤中有效磷不足的一种适应。菌根真菌与寄主根系共生形成菌根后,真菌的菌丝可以远远伸出根际范围从而扩大了植物对土壤中难以移动的磷元素的吸收范围而改善植物的磷素营养。因此,地球上90%的陆生植物都可形成菌根。菌根的形成,不仅促进了植物对磷的吸收,而且也影响到植物对其它元素包括重金属的吸收。在重金属污染的土壤中,菌根对植物重金属的吸收将影响到植物对重金属的抗性和农产品品质。本文拟研究在添加镉的土壤上菌根对植物吸收Cd的影响。  相似文献   

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1 引言 国内外众多的试验表明,VA菌根真菌侵染植物根系后,促进植物对养分吸收和物质转化,从而大幅度增加寄主生物量,但也有试验表明,接种VAMF后,寄主生物量并无明显增加,这可能与菌根接种物本身的特点及外界条件有关,其中土壤中磷的含量是重要因素之一。据报道,土壤P过高,对菌根的形成有影响。本文就刺槐接种VAMF,在不同立地环境下寄主生长变化及不同施磷量对VAMF侵染能力、孢子产生量、植株生物量等进行了研究。  相似文献   

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VA菌根在植物生态学研究中的意义   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11  
植物生态学是研究植物和环境之间相互作用关系规律的科学。土壤、地形、气候、各种生物都是重要的环境因素 ,它们影响着植物群落的区系组成、结构、空间分布、物种多样性以及生态系统的稳定性、生产力等 ,因而在生态学研究中受到了充分的重视[2 0 ] 。然而植物与土壤微生物之间的关系 ,尤其是植物与VA菌根菌形成的共生体 ,即VA菌根在植物生态学研究中则很少有人注意。近 30年来的发现和研究证实 ,VA菌根菌与植物形成的VA菌根共生关系也是植物生态学研究中不可忽视的一种重要关系 ,这是因为 :①在自然生态系统中 ,80 %的维管束植物具…  相似文献   

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红壤中VA菌根真菌侵染力及接种效应的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文报道了丘陵地区发育于第四纪红色粘土母质的马尾松林自然植被下红壤、栽种胡枝子的两种侵蚀红壤及花生-油菜轮作的耕作红壤等3种生态条件下的土壤中VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量、种类、侵染势、施用石灰石粉改土和增施磷肥对VA菌根真菌侵染的影响以及VA菌根真菌的接种效应。试验结果表明,3种生态条件下的土壤中VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量和侵染势显然不同:马尾松林自然植被下的红壤中VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量大,侵染迅速;花生-油菜轮作的耕作红壤VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量也大,但侵染缓慢,有明显的滞后期;栽种胡枝子的侵蚀红壤VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量小,侵染力很低。对侵蚀红壤与耕作红壤接种VA菌根真菌,显著提高了VA菌根的侵染率,在适当施用磷肥及施石灰石粉改土后,都能促进VA菌根侵染,从而增加了植物的吸磷量,植物生长量显著提高。  相似文献   

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VA菌根真菌与植物相互选择性的研究   总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13       下载免费PDF全文
采用土培试验了灭菌条件下同一菌种对不同植物和不同菌咱对同一植物的接种效应。试验结果表明,供试植物都能与VA菌根真菌形成共生体系,接种VA菌根真菌促进了植物的生长,植株干物质量显著是否 同VA菌根真菌与宿主植物形成共生体的能力及对植物的接种疚差异明显,由此可见,选择优势菌咱和宿主植物组合,对于VA菌根真菌的广泛应用及农业生产具有重要的实践作用。  相似文献   

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接种不同VA菌根真菌对红三中草利用不同磷源的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
宋勇春  冯固等 《生态学报》2001,21(9):1506-1511
以红三叶草为材料,利用三室隔网培养方法,研究了施用不同磷源条件下,接种VA菌根真菌(Glomus mosseae和Glomus versiforme)对外加有机磷源及土壤有机磷的利用效率,植物生长10周年,测定植株博干物重、含磷量、菌根侵染率及根系长度,结果表明:接种菌根真菌能明显增加植干物重和含磷量。接种条件下无机磷(KH2PO4)对植株生长的促进作用大于有机磷(Na-phytate)处理,接种Glomus versofrorme的作用明显大于接种Glomus mosseae。接种Glomus mosseae,植株对磷酸二氢钾中磷的吸收量明显大于植酸钠,而接种Glomus versiforme时则植株对植酸钠的磷吸收量明显高于磷酸二氢钾。上述结果说明接种两菌种对不同磷源的作用不同,接种Glomus mosseae可提高磷酸二氢钾中磷的利用率,接种Glomus versiforme则可提高对植酸的磷利用率。  相似文献   

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VA菌根共生的起源和进化   总被引:10,自引:2,他引:10  
VA菌根共生的起源和进化赵之伟(云南大学生物学系,昆明650091)OriginandEvolutionoftheVAMycorrhizalSymbiosis.ZhaoZhiwei(BiologyDepartmentofYunnanUniversit...  相似文献   

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Mycorrhizal dependency of various kinds of plants was estimated in pot cultures. Seeds or cuttings inoculated with Glomus spp. were grown in unsterilized sandy fluvo-aquic soil or sand, fertilized with dilute Hoagland's solution. Results showed that the weight of shoot and root of all mycorrhizal seedlings was significantly greater than that of uninoculated seedlings except chrysanthemum which was generally recognized as a nonmycorrhizal family. Mycorrhizal dependency of different plants decreased in the following order: grape, China rose, white clover, asparagus, violet, petunia, corn, cotton, soybean, tobacco, peanut, tomato, mungbean, lily and chrysanthemum. Mycorrhizal inoculation also enhanced the flowering of China rose and terminal bud growth of pomegranate. There was no correlation between the percentage of mycorrhizal infection and mycorrhizal dependency, although all plants were infected after inoculation.  相似文献   

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Summary A time course experiment was conducted to study the intensity of root infection and the response of onion. Mycorrhizal infection with internal hyphae and arbuscules was observed in onion roots 15 days after sowing and infection percentage progressively increased up to 35 days. Plants inoculated with the mycorrhizal fungus weighed less than non-mycorrhizal plants during initial stages up to 35 days but grew faster later after 38 days.  相似文献   

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用碱解离、酸性品红染色法对金沙江干热河谷宾川、永胜段 6 5种植物的丛枝菌根状况进行了调查 ,结果发现干热河谷不同河段植物根系的丛枝菌根真菌感染率、感染程度有一定的差异 ;干热河谷中大多数常见植物在不同河段中都形成丛枝菌根 ,同种植物在不同河段中的丛枝菌根状况可能与植物对丛枝菌根的依赖性有关。  相似文献   

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本文报道了丘陵地区发育于第四纪红色粘土母质的马尾松林自然植被下红壤、栽种胡枝子的两种侵蚀红壤及花生-油菜轮作的耕作红壤等3种生态条件下的土壤中VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量、种类、侵染势、施用石灰石粉改土和增施磷肥对VA菌根真菌侵染的影响以及VA菌根真菌的接种效应.试验结果表明,3种生态条件下的土壤中VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量和侵染势显然不同:马尾松林自然植被下的红壤中VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量大,侵染迅速;花生-油菜轮作的耕作红壤VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量也大,但侵染缓慢,有明显的滞后期;栽种胡枝子的侵蚀红壤VA菌根真菌繁殖体数量小,侵染力很低.对侵蚀红壤与耕作红壤接种VA菌根真菌,显著提高了VA菌根的侵染率,在适当施用磷肥及施石灰石粉改土后,都能促进VA菌根侵染,从而增加了植物的吸磷量,植物生长量显著提高.  相似文献   

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Summary The effect of soil volume and plant density on mycorrhizal infection and growth response was studied with onion. There was a significant negative correlation between percentage vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection and root density. The growth response due to mycorrhiza decreased when less soil was available for the plant. The root: shoot ratio decreased with increasing plant density in both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. Pot size did not affect the root: shoot ratio.  相似文献   

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Mari Moora 《植被学杂志》2014,25(5):1126-1132
Plant functional type‐ and trait‐based approaches to understanding vegetation dynamics are gradually gaining popularity. However, plant mycorrhizal traits are rarely considered in plant trait databases and are almost totally neglected in trait‐based plant community studies, despite more than 90% of the land flora being mycorrhizal. In this paper I describe and define the mycorrhizal traits of plant species, notably mycorrhizal type, mycorrhizal status, mycorrhizal flexibility and mycorrhizal dependency, which potentially influence plant distribution and community structure. I propose ways of using these traits for large‐scale synthetic studies for understanding the role of mycorrhizal symbiosis in vegetation dynamics. I suggest considering plant community mycorrhization – community means of mycorrhizal traits weighted by plant species abundances – and suggest an index of mycorrhization to describe the mycorrhizal trait composition of plant communities.  相似文献   

18.
Stephan Imhof 《Mycorrhiza》2009,19(6):357-363
The classification of mycorrhizas in seven equally ranked types glosses over differences and similarities and, in particular, does not acknowledge the structural diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizas. This article emphasizes the parallel continua of ecto-related mycorrhizas and arbuscular mycorrhizas, exemplified within Ericaceae and Gentianales, respectively, as well as the proprietary development of orchid mycorrhizas, all three of which have independently developed mycoheterotrophic plants. A hierarchical classification according to structural similarities is suggested.  相似文献   

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