四川省岷山地区花蝇科泉种蝇属四新种（双翅目;花蝇科）

本文记述四川省松潘县和茂汶县地区花蝇科泉种蝇属４新种,即蝶肛泉肿蝇Ｐｅｇｏｈｙｌｅｍｉａ ｐａｐｉｌｉｏｃｅｒｃａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。巨板泉种蝇Ｐｅｇｏｈｙｌｅｍｙｉａ ａｌｃａｅｃｅｒｃａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。角泉种蝇Ｐｅｇｏｈｙｌｅｍｙｉａ ｃｏｒｎｕｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．四尖泉种蝇Ｐｅｇｏｈｙｌｅｍｙｉａ ｔｅｔｒａｃｒｕｌａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。     

中国棘蝇属三新种（双翅目：蝇科）

描述了采自中国四川的蝇科（Ｍｕｓｃｉｄａｅ）棘蝇属（ＰｈａｏｎｉａＲｏｂｉｎｅａｕ－Ｄｅｓｖｏｉｄｙ,１８３０）３新种：钉棘蝇,新种Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｐａｔｔａｌｏｃｅｒｃａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,回归棘蝇,新种Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｒｅｄａｃｔａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．双耳棘蝇,新种Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｂｉａｕｒｉｃｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。其中１种命名为回归棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｒｅｄａｃｔａｔａ,以示香港于１９９７年７月１日回归祖     

川藏地区棘蝇属六新种(双翅目:蝇科)

本文报道川藏地区棘蝇６新种,１．暗基棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｎｉｇｒｉｃｏｘａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,２．宽条棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｌａｔｉｓｔｒｉａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．３．似唇棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｃｈｉｌｉｔｉｃａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,４．瘤叶棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｔｕｂｅｒｏｓｕｒａｔｙｌａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,５．茂汶棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｍａｏｗｅｒｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．６．平叶棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｆｌａｔｉｃｅ     

四川白角秽蝇种团二新种(双翅目:蝇科)

报道采自四川省西部山区的蝇科秽蝇属２新种,定名为歪叶秽蝇Ｃｏｅｎｏｓｉａ ａｎｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｏｃｅｒｃａ Ｘｕｅ ｅｔ Ｆｅｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和暗翅秽蝇Ｃｏｅｎｏｓｉａ ｏｂｓｃｕｒｉｐｅｎｎｉｓ Ｘｕｅ ｅｔ Ｆｅｎｇ,ｓｐ ｎｏｖ．,它们共同特征是雄肛尾叶和侧尾叶细长,侧尾叶端部向后方弯曲,阳基后突很小,呈退化状,触角较短等,隶属于白角秽蝇种团Ｃ．ａｌｂｉｃｏｒｎｉｓ－ｇｒｏｕｐ。模式标本保     

中国四川省有瓣蝇类三新种：双翅目：麻蝇总科,蝇总科

本文报道四川省有瓣蝇类３新种,小口瘦粉蝇Ｄｅｘｏｐｏｌｌｅｎｉａｐａｒｖｉｏｓｔｉａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ（丽蝇科）齿腹粪蝇Ｓｃａｔｈｏｐｈａｇａｏｄｏｎｔｏｓｔｅｒｎｉｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ（粪蝇科）,橙须重毫蝇Ｄｉｃｈａｅｔｏｍｙｉａｐａｌｐｉａｕｒａｎｔｉａｃａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ（蝇科）模式标本存北京军事医学科学院医学昆虫标本馆。     

中国有瓣蝇类三新种：（双翅目：丽蝇科,蝇科）

本文报道采自中国四川的瓣蝇类丽蝇科蜗蝇属Ｍｅｌｉｎｄａ Ｒｏｂｉｎｅａｕ－Ｄｅｓｖｏｉｄｙ １新种：端钩蜗蜗Ｍｅｌｉｎｄａ ａｐｉｃｉｈａｍａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ;蝇科移属Ｃｏｅｎｏｓｉａ Ｍｅｉｇｅｎ２新种：黑杂移蝇Ｃｏｅｎｏｓｉａ ｎｉｇｒｉｍｉｘｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,黄杂移蝇Ｃｏｅｎｏｓｉａ ｆｌａｒｉｍｉｘｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本保存于沈阳师范学院昆虫研究所。     

中国溜芒蝇属三新种：（三翅目：蝇科）

本文报道采自四川省雅安地区和浙江省百山祖地区的蝇科溜芒蝇属３新种,分别命名为伴斧溜芒蝇Ｃａｒｉｃｅａ ｓｅｃｕｒｉｓｏｃｉａｌｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ曲膜溜芒蝇Ｃａｒｉｃｅａ ｃｕｒｖｉｖｅｓｉｃａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和小钩溜芒蝇Ｃａｒｉｃｅａ ｐｕｌｉｈａｍａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本保存于沈阳师范学院昆虫研究所。     

青海省棘蝇属二新种（双翅目：蝇科）

本文记述青海省门源地区产蝇科二新种,褐翅棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｐｅｎｎｉｆｕｓｃａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及半脊棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａｓｅｍｉｃａｒｉｎａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,它们分别隶属于栉胫棘蝇群（ｓｉｅｂｅｃｋｉ－ｇｒｏｕｐ）和蒙古棘蝇群（ｃｈａｌｃｈｉｃａ－ｇｒｏｕｐ）。     

四川省阳蝇属三新种：双翅目：蝇科

阳蝇属三新种,双鬃阳蝇,新种Ｈｅｌｉｎａｄｕｐｌｉｃｉｓｅｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ;大斑阳蝇,新种Ｈｅｌｉｎａｍａｇｎｉｍｕｃｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。欢愉阳蝇,新种Ｈｅｌｉｎｉａｈｅｓｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本Ｉ号存华西医科大学,Ⅱ,Ⅲ号存在于雅安地区卫生防疫站。     

四川省棘蝇属四新种记述：（双翅目：蝇科）

１９８０－１９８３年采自四川西部地区的棘蝇属标本中发现四新种,命名为毛胫棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｈｉｒｔｉｔｂｉａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;拟灰白棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｍｉｍｉｎｃａｎａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ;拟活棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｍｉｍｏｖｉｖｉｄａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及黑膝棘蝇Ｐｈａｏｎｉａ ｎｉｇｒｉｇｅｎｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.