BMP2具有诱导C3H10T1/2细胞成脂肪分化的能力

探讨骨形态发生蛋白2（BMP2）诱导鼠胚胎间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2成脂肪分化能力,为临床脂肪代谢疾病的治疗提供理论基础．培养多潜能的间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2,用20 μg/ml BMP2对其诱导一定时间后,RT-PCR检测是否存在BMP信号通路中关键分子BMP受体BMPR I, BMPR Ⅱ及Smad 1/5/8的表达.Western印迹检测Smad 蛋白及MAPK 信号通路中p38磷酸化水平变化,QRT PCR检测成脂肪标志基因aP2以及成脂肪相关转录因子PPARγ,C/EBPα,C/EBPβ表达水平,同时用油红O染色,观测C3H10T1/2细胞成脂肪分化情况．经BMP2诱导后,C3H10T1/2细胞成脂肪分化标志(油红O染色)显著增加,Smad 蛋白及p38磷酸化水平有所上升,同时成脂肪标志基因aP2以及成脂肪相关转录因子PPARγ,C/EBPα,C/EBPβ表达水平各有一定程度提高．BMP2具有诱导C3H10T1/2细胞成脂肪分化能力,其成脂肪分化呈现对BMP2作用的时间依赖性．     

表皮生长因子对正常细胞与转化细胞染色质蛋白激酶活性的影响

本文研究了正常C3H/10T1/2CI8细胞(一种源于小鼠胚胎的成纤维细胞,简称NC3H/10)与用~3H-TdR转化的C3H/10T1/2CI8细胞(简称TC3H/10)染色质蛋白激酶(CAPK)的作用物特异性,发现这两种细胞的CAPK均能以外源性酸性酪蛋白为作用物,而不以外源性碱性组蛋白为作用物,由此推测CAPK的天然作用物主要为非组蛋白。观察了表皮生长因子(EGF)对培养细胞的CAPK活性的影响,EGF能使NC_3H/10和TC3H/10的CAPK活性分别增加105.6％(P<0.01)和50.7％(P<0.01),后者增加的幅度仅为前者的1/2,说明转化细胞CAPK活性对EGF刺激的敏感性较正常细胞低。EGF和1-油酰-2-乙酰-消旋-甘油(OAG)对无细胞体系的CAPK活性无直接影响,提示EGF可能通过核内受体或OAG以外的其它第二信使来影响CAPK的活性。     

抑制Hedgehog信号通路促进C3H10T1/2间充质干细胞成脂分化

激活Hedgehog信号通路可抑制间充质干细胞成脂分化,但抑制Hedgehog信号通路是否可促进脂肪细胞分化研究结果却并不一致.本研究采用环靶明诱导C3H10T1/2细胞成脂分化,并以国际公认的成脂诱导剂混合物（胰岛素、地塞米松、吲哚美辛和IBMX）诱导细胞分化作为参考. qRT-PCR结果显示,在10 μmol/L环靶明(cyclopamine)处理的C3H10T1/2细胞中,Hedgehog信号通路各基因相对表达量显著下降,而成脂分化调控基因PPARγ,C/EBPα和成脂分化标志基因FABP4相对表达量显著升高（P < 0.05). 与此一致,Western印迹结果表明,在环靶明处理的C3H10T1/2细胞中,Hedgehog信号通路中的Shh蛋白和Gli1蛋白表达水平显著下降,成脂分化相关的PPARγ、C/EBPα和FABP4蛋白表达水平显著升高（P < 0.05）. 此外,油红O染色方法证明,环靶明处理可诱导C3H10T1/2细胞成脂分化.以上研究结果提示,抑制Hedgehog信号通路对小鼠胚胎间充质干细胞的成脂分化具有促进作用,并可能为瘦肉型猪的培育和猪肉品质调控研究提供参考依据.     

DLX1对BMP9诱导的间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2成骨分化的影响

目的:分析和确认转录因子DLX1在骨形态发生蛋白9(bone morphogenetic protein 9,BMP9)诱导的间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2成骨分化中的作用。方法:首先,BMP9腺病毒感染C3H10T1/2细胞,RT-PCR和Western blot检测DLX1表达变化;随后,利用重组腺病毒技术分别过表达DLX1和RNA干扰(RNA Intenference,RNAi)抑制DLX1的表达,并利用碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline Phosphatase,ALP)染色、钙盐沉积实验(茜素红染色),免疫细胞化学检测骨钙素(osteocalcin,OCN)表达和裸鼠皮下异位成骨实验分析DLX1对于BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞成骨分化的影响。荧光素酶报告基因实验和Western blot分析DLX1对于BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞Smad1/5/8信号途径的影响。结果:BMP9可以促进C3H10T1/2细胞中DLX1基因和蛋白表达水平;过表达DLX1在体外可进一步促进BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞的ALP活性、钙盐沉积以及OCN的表达,过表达DLX1亦可促进BMP9诱导的裸鼠皮下异位成骨;反之,RNAi抑制DLX1表达后,由BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞的ALP活性、钙盐沉积、OCN表达和裸鼠皮下异位成骨均相应受到抑制。过表达DLX1可进一步增强BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞中Smad/1/5/8的转录调控活性,RNAi降低DLX1表达则可抑制BMP9诱导Smad/1/5/8的转录调控活性。但是,无论过表达DLX1和RNAi降低DLX1表达均不会对BMP9诱导的Smad/1/5/8磷酸化造成影响。结论:DLX1可以调节BMP9诱导的间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2细胞成骨分化,其调节作用可能是通过影响Smad1/5/8信号的转录调控活性而实现的。     

RUNX2对BMP9诱导的间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2成骨分化的影响

目的:研究和确认RUNX2在骨形态发生蛋白9(BMP9)诱导的间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2成骨分化中的作用。方法:通过Western blot、RT-PCR、荧光素酶活性分析检测BMP9对RUNX2表达的影响;分别在过表达RUNX2和RNA干扰抑制RUNX2表达的情况下,利用碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性测定和染色、钙盐沉积实验,免疫细胞化学和裸鼠皮下异位成骨实验分析RUNX2对于BMP9诱导的间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响。结果:BMP9可以促进RUNX2的表达;RUNX2体外可促进BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2的ALP活性和钙盐沉积,却抑制了OCN表达,RUNX2还可促进BMP9诱导的裸鼠皮下异位成骨;而在降低RUNX2表达后,BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞的ALP活性、钙盐沉积、OCN表达和裸鼠皮下异位成骨均受到抑制。结论:RUNX2可以促进BMP9诱导的间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2细胞成骨分化。     

Neutron-energy-dependent oncogenic transformation of C3H 10T1/2 mouse cells

The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of a range of neutron energies relative to 250-kVp X rays has been determined for oncogenic transformation and cell survival in the mouse C3H 10T 1/2 cell line. Monoenergetic neutrons at 0.23, 0.35, 0.45, 0.70, 0.96, 1.96, 5.90, and 13.7 MeV were generated at the Radiological Research Accelerator Facility of the Radiological Research Laboratories, Columbia University, and were used to irradiate asynchronous cells at low absorbed doses from 0.05 to 1.47 Gy. X irradiations covered the range 0.5 to 8 Gy. Over the more than 2-year period of this study, the 31 experiments provided comprehensive information, indicating minimal variability in control material, assuring the validity of comparisons over time. For both survival and transformation, a curvilinear dose response for X rays was contrasted with linear or nearly linear dose responses for the various neutron energies. RBE increased as dose decreased for both end points. Maximal RBE values for transformation ranged from 13 for cells exposed to 5.9-MeV neutrons to 35 for 0.35-MeV neutrons. This study clearly shows that over the range of neutron energies typically seen by nuclear power plant workers and individuals exposed to the atomic bombs in Japan, a wide range of RBE values needs to be considered when evaluating the neutron component of the effective dose. These results are in concordance with the recent proposals in ICRU 40 both to change upward and to vary the quality factor for neutron irradiations.     

Ⅲ型纤连蛋白组件包含蛋白5通过抑制ERK1/2磷酸化抑制C3H10T1/2细胞成脂分化

旨在探究Ⅲ型纤连蛋白组件包含蛋白5(type Ⅲ domain-containing protein5,FNDC5)对C3H10T1/2细胞成脂分化的调控作用.利用qRT-PCR和Western印迹检测FNDC5在C3H10T1/2细胞成脂分化过程中的时序性表达规律;构建慢病毒包被的过表达/干扰FNDC5载体,转染C3...     

Cyclic hydrostatic compression stimulates chondroinduction of C3H/10T1/2 cells

While the potential for intermittent hydrostatic pressure to promote cartilaginous matrix synthesis is well established, its potential to influence chondroinduction remains poorly understood. This study examined the effects of relatively short- and long-duration cyclic hydrostatic compression on the chondroinduction of C3H/10T1/2 murine embryonic fibroblasts by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Cells were seeded at high density into round bottom wells of a 96-well plate and supplemented with 25 ng/ml rhBMP-2. Experimental cultures were subjected to either 1,800 cycles/day or 7,200 cycles/day of 1 Hz sinusoidal hydrostatic compression to 5 MPa (applied 10 min on/10 min off) for 3 days. Non-pressurized control and experimental cultures were maintained in static culture for an additional 5 days. Cultures were then analyzed for alcian blue staining intensity, DNA and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) content, and for the rate of collagen synthesis. Whereas cultures subjected to 1,800 pressure cycles exhibited no significant differences (statistical or qualitative) compared to controls, those subjected to 7,200 cycles stained more intensely with alcian blue, contained nearly twice as much sGAG, and displayed twice the rate of collagen synthesis as non-pressurized controls. This study demonstrates the potential for cyclic hydrostatic compression to stimulate chondrogenic differentiation of the C3H/10T1/2 cell line in a duration-dependent manner.     

MYOZ2通过负调控TCAP的表达促进C3H10T1/2细胞成脂分化

本研究旨在明确钙调磷酸酶肌小节结合蛋白2(myozenin2,MYOZ2)的组织表达特性,阐明其对C3H10T1/2细胞成脂分化的影响及可能的作用机制.采集180日龄马身猪、60日龄ICR小鼠、35日龄罗斯肉鸡和12月龄小尾寒羊背最长肌、皮下脂肪和肝组织,检测MYOZ2基因mRNA表达.结果 显示,MYOZ2基因在所检...     

Hey1基因参与调控BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞成骨分化

目的:观察发状分裂相关增强子Hey1在骨形态发生蛋白9(BMP9)诱导的小鼠间充质干细胞(MSCs)C3H10T1/2成骨分化中的作用。方法:包装Hey1、BMP9以及GFP的过表达慢病毒,并分别作用于C3H10T1/2细胞,RT-PCR和Western blot检测Hey1、BMP9以及GFP的慢病毒是否包装成功,碱性磷酸酶(ALP)检测早期成骨指标ALP的变化,茜素红S染色检测晚期成骨指标钙盐沉积,MTT检测Hey1对BMP9调控的C3H10T1/2细胞增值的影响,流式细胞术检测Hey1对BMP9调控的C3H10T1/2细胞周期的影响。结果:Hey1、BMP9以及GFP的慢病毒包装成功;在成骨分化早期,过表达Hey1基因可促进BMP9调控的C3H10T1/2细胞的成骨分化与增殖;在成骨分化晚期,过表达Hey1基因可促进BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞的成骨分化,并将BMP9调控的C3H10T1/2细胞周期阻滞在G1期。结论:Hey1基因可参与调控BMP9诱导的小鼠C3H10T1/2细胞的早晚期成骨分化,并对细胞的增殖与周期有一定的影响。     

Cell-cycle-dependent radiation-induced oncogenic transformation of C3H 10T1/2 cells.

C3H 10T1/2 cells were synchronized by a modified mitotic shake-off procedure. X irradiation of cells at various intervals after mitotic harvest indicated a single narrow window (about 2 h) of sensitivity to the induction of oncogenic transformation. It is not possible to delineate precisely the time in the cycle at which this sensitivity is expressed. The most likely candidate is G2 phase, though we cannot eliminate the possibility that the sensitive period begins in late S phase. In the same synchronized cells, cell lethality showed the conventional pattern, i.e., sensitivity in mitosis and resistance in late S and in G1 phase.     

Screening of genes responsible for differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stromal cells by DNA micro-array analysis of C3H10T1/2 and C3H10T1/2-derived cell lines

BACKGROUND: The molecular mechanisms underlying the biologic effects or differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have not been clarified. Screening for genes differentially expressed at different stages is an important step in determining these molecular mechanisms. METHODS: In this study, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of C3H10T1/2 (10T1/2) cells and two sublines, A54 (pre-adipocyte) and M1601 (myoblast), as a model of MSC and downstream committed progenitors. RESULTS: We found up-regulated expression of delta-like-1 (Dlk), Wnt-5a and IL-1 receptor-like-1 (ST2) in 10T1/2 cells; stem cell factor (SCF) and stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in A54 cells; and cardiac muscle-specific gene in M1601 cells. Overexpression of Dlk in A54 cells did not induce any effects on their differentiation into adipocytes. After differentiation into adipocytes, A54 cells reduced the expression of SCF, SDF-1 and Ang-1 as well as the ability to support the formation of a cobblestone appearance. DISCUSSION: The results suggest that these three lines hae different gene profiles and are a useful system for analyzing the differentiation and function of MSC and progenitor cells.     

孤儿核受体SHP敲减抑制BMP9诱导C3H10T1/2细胞的成骨分化

孤儿核受体SHP(small heterodimer partner)是核受体超家族中的一员,具有LXXLL模体及配体结合域,但无经典的DNA结合域.它可与多种转录因子结合,调节细胞的增殖、分化和代谢等生物学过程.但目前关于SHP在BMP9诱导成骨分化中的确切作用却尚不清楚.本研究证明,SHP参与BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞成骨分化. RT-PCR结合Western印迹方法检测蛋白揭示,异位表达BMP9上调了SHP在C3H10T1/2细胞中的表达. 小干扰RNA敲减SHP基因在C3H10T1/2细胞的表达下调了成骨相关基因Runx2、Id1、Id2及CTGF的表达,而过表达BMP9则可上调这些基因的表达.碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性测定/染色及茜素红染色显示,敲减核受体SHP基因可抑制BMP9的成骨分化作用,而过表达BMP9可部分消除SHP 敲减导致的成骨抑制作用.上述结果提示,核受体SHP为BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞成骨分化所必需. 究竟BMP9如何上调SHP基因表达,以及SHP究竟通过何种机制上调BMP9下游成骨分化相关基因的表达尚待进一步研究.     

Radiosensitivity parameters for neoplastic transformations in C3H10T1/2 cells

We have evaluated radiosensitivity parameters for cellular transformation from published experimental data on neoplastic transformations induced in C3H10T1/2 cells by BEVALAC ions. The measured RBE values are well reproduced by a track theory calculation using sets of m-target parameters with either m = 2 or m = 3, suggesting a quadratic or cubic extrapolation to low doses of gamma rays. Using track theory one is thus able to predict transformation frequencies in those cells after an arbitrary radiation field, under known or assumed conditions of exposure, in a manner shown earlier for cellular survival. Extension of these calculations to interpret cancer incidence in vivo is also discussed.     

BMP9经JNK激酶途径调控间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2成骨分化

为了证实JNK激酶在骨形态发生蛋白9(bone morphogenetic proteins 9,BMP9) 诱导间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2成骨分化中的作用,利用重组腺病毒将BMP9导入间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2. 通过碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性测定、钙盐沉积实验、荧光素酶报告基因检测、Western印迹和组织化学染色等方法,检测BMP9是否可经JNK激酶途径调控间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2向成骨分化.动物实验验证在RNA沉默JNK蛋白激酶后,对BMP9诱导间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2向成骨分化的影响．结果发现,BMP9可以增强JNK 激酶的磷酸化;利用JNK抑制剂SP600125抑制JNK激酶活性后,BMP9诱导的间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2的早期成骨指标ALP活性和晚期指标钙盐沉积均受到抑制,而且经典SMAD信号的活化也相应受到抑制;RNA干扰沉默JNK基因表达后,同样也可抑制BMP9 诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞的ALP活性和裸鼠皮下异位成骨．因此表明,BMP9可活化JNK激酶途径从而诱导间充质干细胞C3H10T1/2向成骨分化．     

Galactosylceramide expression factor-1 induces myogenesis in MDCK and C3H10T1/2 cells

We previously reported that galactosylceramide expression factor-1 (GEF-1), a rat homolog of hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (Hrs/Hgs), induces galactosylceramide and/or sulfatide expression and morphological changes in epithelial cells. Here, we show that GEF-1 induces myogenesis in MDCK and C3H10T1/2 cells. GEF-1 overexpression in MDCK cells (MDCK/GEF-1) appeared to promote trans-differentiation to myoblasts that expressed MyoD and myosin heavy chain (MHC). MDCK/GEF-1 cells also expressed several DNA-binding proteins (MyoD and MEF-2) that are essential for myogenesis. These results suggest that GEF-1 induces MDCK cells to enter an early stage of myogenesis. Subsequently, we tested whether GEF-1 could induce myogenesis in C3H10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts, which have the potential to differentiate into myoblast-like cells. Indeed, GEF-1 induced morphological changes that were consistent with myoblast-like cells, and both MyoD and MHC were expressed. Our results suggest that GEF-1 may induce MDCK and C3H10T1/2 cells to trans-differentiate into myoblast-like cells.     

Vanadate stimulates ornithine decarboxylase activity in C3H/10T1/2 cells.

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity of C3H/10T1/2 cells reflects their response to conflicting actions of many tumor promoters and tumor suppressors. In cultured C3H/10T1/2 cells, addition of vanadate (50 nM) increased ODC activity. Over the range 0.05-5 microM, vanadate increased ODC levels in a dose dependent manner to 11 times control levels. The presence of retinoic acid (5 microM) or the absence of fetal calf serum blocked the stimulation by vanadate.