共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Manee Palittapongarnpim Prayad Pokethitiyook Edward Suchart Upatham Ladda Tangbanluekal 《Biodegradation》1998,9(2):83-90
Five microorganisms, three bacteria and two yeasts, capable of degrading Tapis light crude oil were isolated from oil-contaminated soil in Bangkok, Thailand. Soil enrichment culture was done by inoculating the soil in mineral salt medium with 0.5% v/v Tapis crude oil as the sole carbon source. Crude oil biodegradation was measured by gas chromatography method. Five strains of pure microorganisms with petroleum degrading ability were isolated: three were bacteria and the other two were yeasts. Candida tropicalis strains 7Y and 15Y were identified as efficient oil degraders. Strain 15Y was more efficient, it was able to reduce 87.3% of the total petroleum or 99.6% of n-alkanes within the 7-day incubation period at room temperature of 25 ± 2 °C. 相似文献
2.
Yeast cultures belonging to the genera Candida, Torulopsis, Saccharomyces, Debaryomyces, Hansenula, Pichia, and Yarrowia, capable of synthesizing brassylic and sebacic fatty acids, were screened. Overall about 200 cultures grown in media containing decane or tridecane as a sole source of carbon were tested. On the medium with tridecane, yeasts synthesized insignificant amounts of brassylic acid. Sebacic acid was produced more intensively in the medium with n-decane. The culture Candida tropicalis, displaying the highest ability to synthesize sebacic acid, was selected. 相似文献
3.
Christoph E. Leuker Anne-Margret Hahn Joachim F. Ernst 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1992,235(2-3):235-241
Summary Vectors containing fusions of the Candida albicans ACT promoter to heterologous genes were constructed and transformed into a C. albicans host strain. -Galactosidase (Lac4p) activity was detected in transformants carrying an ACT fusion to the Kluyveromyces lactis LAC4 gene, while fusions to the Escherichia coli lacZ gene and to other heterologous genes were not expressed. Lac4p was also produced by C. tropicalis transformants carrying the ACT/LAC4 fusion. Plasmids in transformed C. albicans strains were present either as free multimers in high copy number or, more frequently, integrated into the genome in low copy number yielding high and low LAC4 mRNA and Lac4p expression levels, respectively. Lac4p-expressing transformants of C. tropicalis, but not of C. albicans, were able to utilize lactose as sole carbon source. An ACT/LAC4 fusion was not differentially expressed during the yeast and hyphal growth phases of C. albicans, indicating that the ACT promoter is not regulated during morphogenesis. These results define the first reporter gene system for convenient monitoring of gene expression in Candida species. 相似文献
4.
Masakuni Okuhara Yoshiaki Kubochi Tokuya Harada 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(9):1376-1380
Many strains of yeast which can utilize n-alkanes as the sole source of carbon were isolated from flowers and fruits. Among them, a strain, OH23, identified as Candida tropicalis, formed acidic substances from n-alkanes. The principal products from n-alkanes with odd and even numbers of carbons were identified as glutaric and adipic acids, respectively. The culture conditions for their formation were investigated. n-Pentadecane and n-hexadecane were the best substrates for the formation of glutaric and adipic acids, respectively. Yields of 170 mg of glutaric and 64 mg of adipic acid were obtained from 100 ml of media containing 4% (v/v) n-pentadecane and n-hexadecane, respectively, and 0.5% casamino acids. 相似文献
5.
Impacts of cell surface characteristics on population dynamics in a sequencing batch yeast reactor treating vegetable oil-containing wastewater 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ten yeast strains acquired from different sources and capable of utilizing vegetable oil or related compounds (fatty acid
or oleic acid) as sole carbon sources were inoculated into a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for the treatment of high-strength
vegetable oil-containing wastewater. The SBR system stably removed >89% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and >99% of oil when
fed with wastewater containing 15 g/L COD and 10 g/L oil in average. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of polymerase
chain reaction-amplified 26S rRNA genes showed that among the ten yeast strains, only Candida lipolytica, Candida tropicalis, and Candida halophila were dominant in the system. To elucidate the major factors affecting the selection of yeast strains in the SBR system, the
three dominant strains were compared with two non-dominant strains in terms of COD removal performance, biomass yield, cell
settleability, cell flocculation ability, cell emulsification ability, and surface hydrophobicity. Results showed that hydrophobicity
and emulsification ability of yeast cells were the two most important factors determining the selection of yeast strains in
the treatment of high-strength oil-containing wastewater. 相似文献
6.
T. W. Jeffries 《Biotechnology letters》1981,3(5):213-218
Summary
Candida tropicalis converts xylose to ethanol under aerobic, but not anaerobic, conditions. Ethanol production lags behind growth and is accelerated by increased aeration. Adding xylose to active cultures stimulates ethanol production as does serial subculture in a medium containing xylose as a sole carbon source.Maintained in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. 相似文献
7.
In the course of study on citric acid fermentation by Candida zeylanoides, in which n-alkane (a mixture of C–12 to C–15) was used as the sole source of carbon, we found that a polyol-like substance was accumulated when the medium-pH fell down to below 4.0. This was isolated in crystalline forms and identified as meso-erythritol. Comparing erythritol production among fifty yeast strains, Candida zeylanoides, particularly its glycerol-requiring mutant KY 6166, was found to be an excellent producer.Erythritol production was also observed with ethanol or acetic acid as the sole carbon source but not with glucose. An efficient condition for large production of erythritol was to keep the medium-pH at low level (2.5 to 4.0) and the concentration of NaCl or KCl at high level (1 to 3%). Under conditions established in this work, more than 55 mg/ml of erythritol was successfully produced in 120 hr incubation in 300-ml flasks, which corresponded to 55% of the alkane used. 相似文献
8.
Wouter J. Middelhoven Heleen de Kievit André L. Biesbroek 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》1985,51(3):289-301
Yeast strains utilizing uric acid, adenine, monoamines or diamines as sole source of carbon and energy were isolated from
several soil samples by the enrichment culture method. The most common species wasTrichosporon cutaneum. Strains ofCandida catenulata, C. famata, C. parapsilosis, C. rugosa, Cryptococcus laurentii, Stephanoascus ciferrii andTr. adeninovorans were also isolated. All strains utilizing uric acid as sole carbon source utilized some primaryn-alkyl-l-amines hydroxyamines or diamines as well. The ascomycetous yeast strains showing these characteristics all belonged
to species known to assimilate hydrocarbons. Type strains of hydrocarbon-positive yeast species which were not found in the
enrichment cultures generally assimilated putrescine, some type strains also butylamine or pentylamine, but none assimilated
uric acid. Methanol-positive species were not isolated. Type strains of methanol-positive and of hydrocarbon-negative species
did not assimilate uric acid, butylamine or putrescine. Assimilation of putrescine as sole source of carbon and energy may
be a valuable diagnostic criterion in yeast taxonomy. 相似文献
9.
Melyssa Negri Margarida Martins Mariana Henriques Terezinha I. E. Svidzinski Joana Azeredo Rosário Oliveira 《Mycopathologia》2010,169(3):175-182
Candida tropicalis has been reported to be one of the Candida species which is most likely to cause bloodstream and urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients. Accordingly, the
aim of this study was to characterize the virulence of C. tropicalis by assessing antifungal susceptibility and comparing the expression of several virulence factors. This study was conducted
with seven isolates of C. tropicalis from urine and blood cultures and from central venous catheter. C. tropicalis ATCC 750 was used as reference strain. Yeasts adhered (2 h) to epithelial cells and silicone and 24 h biofilm biomass were
determined by crystal violet staining. Pseudohyphae formation ability was determined after growth in fetal bovine serum. Enzymes
production (hemolysins, proteases, phospholipases) was assessed by halo formation on agar plates. Susceptibility to antifungal
agents was determined by E-test. Regarding adhesion, it can be highlighted that C. tropicalis strains adhered significantly more to epithelium than to silicone. Furthermore, all C. tropicalis strains were able to form biofilms and to express total hemolytic activity. However, protease was only produced by two isolates
from urine and by the isolates from catheter and blood. Moreover, only one C. tropicalis (from catheter) was phospholipase positive. All isolates were susceptible to voriconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B.
Four strains were susceptible-dose dependent to itraconazole and one clinical isolate was found to be resistant. 相似文献
10.
In the course of study on citric acid fermentation by Candida tropicalis KY6224, in which n-alkane mixture (C–12 to C–15) was used as the sole source of carbon, we found that a arabitollike substance was accumulated when the medium-pH was controlled at low level (3.0 to 4.0). This substance was isolated in crystalline forms and identified as d-arabitol.d-Arabitol production was also observed with ethanol, acetic acid and glucose as the sole source of carbon. Important factors for efficient production of d-arabitol were keeping the medium-pH at low-level (3.0 to 4.0) and the concentration of NaCl or KCl at high level (1 to 5%). This strain produced 75 mg/ml of d-arabitol in 120 hr incubation under optimal culture conditions; this corresponds to 50 % of n-alkane consumed. 相似文献
11.
Schmitz C Goebel I Wagner S Vomberg A Klinner U 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2000,54(1):126-132
An n-alkane-assimilating strain of Candida tropicalis was selected in sandy soil inoculated with microorganisms from contaminated sites. Competition experiments with n-alkane utilizers from different strain collections confirmed that yeasts overgrow bacteria in sandy soil. Acidification of
the soil is one of the colonization factors useful for the yeasts. It can be counteracted by addition of bentonite, a clay
mineral with high ion exchange capacity, but not, however, by kaolin. Strains of different yeast species showed different
levels of competitiveness. Strains of Arxula adeninivorans, Candida maltosa, and Yarrowia lipolytica overgrew strains of C. tropicalis, C. shehatae or Pichia stipitis. Two strains of C. maltosa and Y. lipolytica coexisted during several serial transfers under microcosm conditions.
Received: 20 October 1999 / Received revision: 26 January 2000 / Accepted: 27 January 2000 相似文献
12.
Screening for p-hydroxybenzoate-utilizing pseudomonads was carried out. Species belonging to Fluorescent group could grow at the expense of p-hydroxybenzoate as sole carbon source. Two species in Chromogenic group and three species in Achromogenic group could grow in the same manner. Specic and total activities of crude extracts differed from each other strain under cultural conditions employed. Ps. desmolytica IAM 1123 and Ps. desmolytica 4-B were selected as superior strains for the sources of p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase. The type and the activity of protocatechuate oxygenase were also investigated. Protocatechuate 3,4-oxygenase was found in the cells belonging to Fluorescent and Chromogenic groups whereas 4,5-oxygenase was found in Achromogenic group. 相似文献
13.
The sensitivity to nystatin, 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) or both was studied for 131 clinical isolates of Candida albicans, 47 of Candida parapsilosis, 34 of Candida tropicalis, 7 of Candida guilliermondii, 28 of Torulopsis glabrata and 1 of Torulopsis Candida.All strains were inhibited by concentrations of nystatin within the usual range of sensitivity except one strain of T. glabrata and another of T. Candida whose minima inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were respectively 250 U/ml and > 20000 U/ml.In respect to 5-FC it was found, after 7 days of incubation at 37 °C, the following frequencies of resistance: C. albicans 28/106 (26%), C. parapsilosis 11/47 (23%), C. tropicalis 24/34 (71%), C. guilliermondii 1/7, T. glabrata 1/28 (4%) and T. candida 0/1. It was particularly striking the activity of 5-FC against T. glabrata. 相似文献
14.
Masayoshi Mishina Shigeo Yanagawa Atsuo Tanaka Saburo Fukui 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(4):863-870
Cellular fatty acid compositions of Candida tropicalis pK 233 and Candida lipolytica NRRL Y -6795 and the time-course changes during yeast growth were studied using individual n-alkanes of various chain lengths (from C11 to C18) and a mixture of n-alkanes (C11 to C18) as a sole carbon source. Observed relationships of the chain-length of n-alkane substrate to time-course changes and final patterns of the fatty acid compositions of these yeasts, especially those of the cells grown on odd-carbon alkanes, indicated that “intact incorporation mechanism,” that is, accumulation of the fatty acid having the same chain-length as that of the alkane substrate used was predominant in the yeasts cultivated on a longer alkane such as n-heptadecane and n-octadecane. On the other hand, “chain elongation pathway” and “de novo synthesis pathway” following β-oxidation of substrate were simultaneously operative in the cells growing on a relatively shorter alkane such as undecane and dodecane. 相似文献
15.
Biodegradation of phenol and 4-chlorophenol by the yeast <Emphasis Type="Italic">Candida tropicalis</Emphasis> 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Biodegradation of phenol and 4-chlorophenol (4-cp) using a pure culture of Candida tropicalis was studied. The results showed that C. tropicalis could degrade 2,000 mg l−1 phenol alone and 350 mg l−1 4-cp alone within 66 and 55 h, respectively. The capacity of the strain to degrade phenol was obviously higher than that
to degrade 4-cp. In the dual-substrate system, 4-cp intensely inhibited phenol biodegradation. Phenol beyond 800 mg l−1 could not be degraded in the presence of 350 mg l−1 4-cp. Comparatively, low-concentration phenol from 100 to 600 mg l−1 supplied a sole carbon and energy source for C. tropicalis in the initial phase of biodegradation and accelerated the assimilation of 4-cp, which resulted in the fact that 4-cp biodegradation
velocity was higher than that without phenol. And the capacity of C. tropicalis to degrade 4-cp was increased up to 420 mg l−1 with the presence of 100–160 mg l−1 phenol. In addition, the intrinsic kinetics of cell growth and substrate degradation were investigated with phenol and 4-cp
as single and mixed substrates in batch cultures. The results illustrated that the models proposed adequately described the
dynamic behaviors of biodegradation by C. tropicalis. 相似文献
16.
Maxwel Adriano Abegg Paulo Vinicius Gil Alabarse Anderson Casanova Jaqueline Hoscheid Tiago Boeira Salomon Fernanda Schäfer Hackenhaar Tássia Machado Medeiros Mara Silveira Benfato 《Mycopathologia》2010,170(1):11-20
In the course of an infection, the formation of reactive oxygen species by phagocytes and the antioxidant defense mechanisms
of microorganisms play a crucial role in pathogenesis. In this study, isolates representing 8 pathogenic Candida species—Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, Candida famata, Candida glabrata, Candida guilliermondii, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis—were compared with regard to their resistance to oxidative stress in vitro. We evaluated degree of resistance, induction
of oxidative damage, capacity to adapt, and induction of antioxidant enzymes. The species showed variable sensitivity to oxidative
attack. C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. krusei were more resistant to oxidative stress under the conditions tested; C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis presented medium resistance; and C. dubliniensis, C. famata, and C. guilliermondii were more sensitive. The overall greater resistance to oxidative stress of C. albicans and C. glabrata may provide an advantage to these species, which are the major causative agents of candidiasis. 相似文献
17.
Esra Şeker 《Mycopathologia》2010,169(4):303-308
In this study, identification of 207 Candida isolates, previously isolated from mastitic bovine quarter milk samples at the level of genus, was made using API 20 C AUX
system. The most frequently isolated species were Candida krusei (34.8%), followed by Candida rugosa (16.4%), Candida kefyr (12.6%), Candida albicans (10.1%), and Candida tropicalis (9.2%). Less common isolates were Candida zeylanoides (5.8%), Candida parapsilosis (4.3%), Candida guilliermondii (3.4%), Candida famata (1.9%), and Candida glabrata (1.5%). Additionally, in vitro hemolytic activity of all Candida strains were also examined in the present study. C. krusei (72 isolates), C. kefyr (26), C. albicans (21), C. tropicalis (19), C. zeylanoides (12), and C. glabrata (3) demonstrated both alpha and beta hemolysis at 48-h postinoculation. Only alpha hemolysis was detected in C. rugosa (34), C. guilliermondii (7), and C. famata (4), while C. parapsilosis (9) did not show any hemolytic activity after incubation for 72 h. Statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) was determined between the beta-hemolytic activities of Candida strains. The hemolytic activities of C. zeylanoides, C. albicans and C. kefyr were higher than other strains. This is the first study to describe variable hemolysis types exhibited by different Candida strains isolated from bovine mastitic milk in Turkey. 相似文献
18.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe isolated from palm wine was evaluated for single-cell-protein production using hydrocarbon feedstocks. The isolate was adapted
for hydrocarbon utilization by continuous enrichment in a mineral-salts medium containing a mixture of two petroleum fractions,
kerosene and diesel. The isolate grew well on the mineral-salts medium containing either kerosene or diesel as sole carbon
and energy source. Hydrocarbon degradation using the isolate was demonstrated by gas chromatographic analysis. Optimum growth
ofS. pombe was obtained at hydrocarbon feedstock concentrations of 1.5%. The optimum temperature and pH for growth of the yeast were
found to be 30 °C and 5.5 respectively. Ammonium sulfate was found to be the most suitable nitrogen source. Total protein
content of the hydrocarbon-grown yeast, analyzed by the Kjeldahl method, was high. The yeast was capable of synthesizing all
the amino acids tested. These results show the feasibility of usingS. pombe grown on hydrocarbon feedstocks to produce single-cell protein. 相似文献
19.
Isoprenoid quinones and fatty acids ofZoogloea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Akira Hiraishi Yong Kook Shin Junta Sugiyama Kazuo Komagata 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》1992,61(3):231-236
NineZoogloea strains including the type strain ofZ. ramigera (IAM 12136=ATCC 19544=N.C. Dondero 106) and newly isolated strains were investigated for isoprenoid quinone composition and whole-cell fatty acid profiles. Seven of the tested strains, having phenotypic properties typical ofZoogloea, were characterized by their production of both ubiquinone-8 and rhodoquinone-8 as major quinones, whereas the remaining two strains,Z. ramigera IAM 12669 (=K. Crabtree I-16-M) and IAM 12670 (=P.R. Dugan 115), formed ubiquinone-10 and ubiquinone-8, respectively, as the sole quinone. All rhodoquinone-producing strains contained palmitoleic acid and 3-hydroxy-decanoic acid as the major components of nonpolar and hydroxylated fatty acids, respectively. Marked differences were noted in the fatty acid composition between the strains with and without rhodoquinones. The chemotaxonomic data suggested that the rhodoquinonelacking strains should be excluded from the genusZoogloea. Since there have been no reliable taxonomic tools forZoogloea, rhodoquinone analysis may provide a new criterion of great promise for identifyingZoogloea strains. 相似文献
20.
Eighteen yeast species belonging to seven genera were isolated from ten samples of nectar from Hibiscus rosa sinensis and investigated for xylitol production using d-xylose as sole carbon source. Amongst these isolates, no. 10 was selected as the best xylitol producer and identified as
Candida tropicalis on the basis of morphological, biochemical and 26S rDNA sequencing. C. tropicalis produced 12.11 gl−1 of xylitol in presence of 50 gl−1 of xylose in 72 h at pH 5, 30°C and 200 rpm. The strain of C. tropicalis obtained through xylose enrichment technique has resulted in a yield of 0.5 gg−1 with a xylitol volumetric productivity of 1.07 gl−1h−1 in the presence of 300 gl−1 of xylose through batch fermentation. This organism has been reported for the first time from Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers. Realizing, the importance of this high valued compound, as a sugar substitute, xylose enrichment technique was
developed in order to utilize even higher concentrations of xylose as substrate for maximum xylitol production. 相似文献