重组溶葡萄球菌酶的PEG定点修饰

为获得高抗菌活性聚乙二醇(PEG)定点修饰的溶葡萄球菌酶(Lysn),根据该酶的高级结构,在它的催化域和结合域上优选8个位点(Q9、N13、N40、T172、N174、G197、V240和T244),将其分别突变成半胱氨酸,纯化后的溶葡萄球菌酶突变体经DTT处理后与20 kDa的单甲氧基聚乙二醇马来酰亚胺(m PEG-MAL)进行定点修饰反应,RP-HPLC分析显示PEG修饰率大于70%,修饰产物经MacroCap SP阳离子交换层析纯化后,PEG化溶葡萄球菌酶的纯度大于95%。比浊法和最小抑菌浓度(MIC)实验表明20K-PEG-Lysn V240C和20K-PEG-Lysn T244C的抗菌活性维持在原来的50%左右。研究结果为溶葡萄球菌酶全身给药治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染奠定基础。     

基于重组溶葡球菌酶和ATP生物发光技术特异定量检测金黄色葡萄球菌

基于重组溶葡球菌酶和ATP生物发光法建立特异定量检测金黄色葡萄球菌的方法。优化设计合成溶葡球菌酶序列,构建重组表达载体pQE30-Lys,转化至大肠杆菌M15并诱导表达,镍柱纯化得到目的蛋白。利用重组溶葡球菌酶和ATP生物发光法特异定量检测金黄色葡萄球菌并与平板计数对比。成功表达了重组溶葡球菌酶,并建立了特异定量检测金黄色葡萄球菌的方法,与平板计数具有显著线性关系。本研究建立的将重组溶葡球菌酶和ATP生物发光法相结合的检测方法操作快捷简单,具有良好的应用前景。     

重组人基质金属蛋白酶12的原核表达与纯化

目的:利用原核系统表达重组对人基质金属蛋白酶12(MMP-12)并纯化,获得高纯度的人MMP-12蛋白。方法:在MMP-12氨基酸序列的N端加入His标签和肠激酶位点序列,构建MMP-12融合蛋白的原核表达载体,通过表达和亲和纯化获得MMP-12融合蛋白,以肠激酶对融合蛋白进行酶切和二次纯化,获得高纯度的人MMP-12。结果:构建了pET-MMP-12表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中实现了稳定高效表达。重组融合蛋白MMP-12经亲和层析纯化后,相对分子质量为42×10~3,纯度约95%。利用肠激酶对融合蛋白MMP-12进行酶切,酶切效率接近100%,通过二次纯化获得了MMP-12,相对分子质量为40.8×10~3,纯度大于95%。结论:利用原核表达系统高效表达了MMP-12融合蛋白,通过亲和纯化和肠激酶酶切的方法可以获得高纯度的MMP-12,为后续抗体制备和配基筛选奠定了基础。     

抗溶葡萄球菌酶N端合成多肽抗体的制备与鉴定

为了制备抗溶葡萄球菌酶N端合成多肽抗体,合成了溶葡萄球菌酶(lysostaphin)分子的3-13位的11个氨基酸的多肽(THEHSAQWLN),并利用戊二醛双功能试剂将人工合成多肤成功地与KLH进行偶联.免疫新西兰兔制备抗lysostaphin合成多肽的抗体,并经亲和层析进行了纯化.对此抗体进行鉴定的结果表明,抗溶葡萄球菌酶合成多肽抗体可与重组溶葡萄球菌酶分子发生特异性反应,并可用于蛋白免疫印迹.该抗体的制备为使用亲和层析纯化溶葡萄球菌酶提供了有用的配基.     

重组溶葡萄球菌酶在牛奶中的性质研究

溶葡萄球菌酶(Lysostaphin)是一种能高效裂解葡萄球菌细胞壁的肽链内切酶,已有研究表明其能够有效预防和去除奶牛乳腺中葡萄球菌的感染,但该酶在牛奶中的性质研究还缺少详细的研究数据.现对重组溶葡萄球菌酶在牛奶中的一些性质进行研究.检测了加入溶葡萄球茵酶后牛奶性状的变化和重组溶葡萄球菌酶在牛奶中的酶活的稳定性以及溶葡萄球菌酶在牛奶中的抑、杀菌活性.结果显示,重组溶葡萄球菌酶未改变牛奶的外观性状;并且重组溶葡萄球菌酶在39℃牛奶中可以稳定存放至少20 h以上,酶活性保持稳定;同时重组溶葡萄球菌酶在牛奶中对金黄色葡萄球菌等革兰氏阳性菌仍然保持了良好的抑杀菌效果.该研究为今后溶葡萄球菌酶用于奶牛乳腺炎的治疗提供参考依据.     

抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法测定重组溶葡萄球菌酶研究

用重组溶葡萄球菌酶免疫家兔获得抗血清,经亲和层析纯化后用HRP标记,以双向免疫扩散法确定抗血清效价,以Westernblot鉴定抗体的特异性,建立双抗夹心法标准曲线,鉴定其最小检出限、精确度、回收率。实验显示多克隆抗体能与溶葡萄球菌酶特异性结合,双抗夹心ELISA法检测抗原的最小检出限为0·98ng/mL,标准曲线在0·98~500ng/mL范围内线性良好。3份同批样本分别重复6次测定,平均批内变异系数为6·4%;3份不同批样本分别重复6次测定,平均批间变异系数为6·5%。血清中加入已知量的标准抗原,测得平均回收率为98·6%。此法检测重组溶葡萄球菌酶的可测范围广,灵敏度和精密度高,变异系数较小。结果证实建立的检测血清中重组溶葡萄球菌酶含量的双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法(Enzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay,ELISA)灵敏、准确、可靠。     

人纤溶酶原饼环区5(hPK5)基因的分泌型表达

构建人纤溶酶原饼环区5(hPK5)基因的原核可溶性表达载体并进行表达和纯化,获取大量高纯度、具有生物活性的hPK5蛋白。以纤溶酶原cDNA为模板,PCR扩增了hPK5基因,经过适当酶切后构建表达载体pET22b(+)hPK5,转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)进行表达并经组氨酸亲和层析获得纯化。带有重组质粒pET22b(+)hPK5的大肠杆菌经IPTG诱导后以可溶性形式表达16kDa的蛋白,其表达量占菌体总蛋白的30%以上,纯化后目的蛋白纯度达95%以上,Western印迹表明重组蛋白具有Histag抗原活性。构建了pET22b(+)hPK5重组质粒并成功地在大肠杆菌中获得可溶性表达,为获得大量hPK5基因工程产品奠定了实验基础。     

利用重组A蛋白偶联的琼脂糖凝胶纯化α-半乳糖苷酶单克隆抗体

目的:采用一种简单易行的纯化方法获得高纯度α-半乳糖苷酶单克隆抗体。方法:使用重组A蛋白偶联的琼脂糖凝胶捕获和纯化小鼠腹水中的α-半乳糖苷酶单克隆抗体。结果:获得了高纯度、高效价的α-半乳糖苷酶单克隆抗体。结论:应用重组A蛋白偶联的琼脂糖凝胶纯化α-半乳糖苷酶单克隆抗体是一种简单、有效的方法。     

豆豉纤溶酶基因在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达及纯化(英文)

豆豉纤溶酶是从豆豉中发现的新型纤溶酶.从枯草杆菌DC-12中提取总DNA,PCR法扩增pro-DFE基因.将pro-DFE基因插入载体pET-32a,构建表达质粒pET-pro-DFE,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),对重组菌株进行变温诱导表达,重组菌株于37℃培养至OD600为0.6时,加入终浓度为0.4mmol/L的IPTG于24℃进行诱导,SDS-PAGE显示可溶性重组融合蛋白约占重组蛋白的60%.且少量融合重组蛋白发生自切割,形成成熟的豆豉纤溶酶,破菌上清中含有成熟的豆豉溶栓酶,纤溶活性为200IU/mL.重组酶经纯化后比酶活为1280IU/mg.     

重组牛肠激酶轻链基因在毕赤酵母中的表达与纯化

目的:构建重组牛肠激酶轻链的基因工程菌,并进行表达和纯化,以获得高纯度和高活性的重组牛肠激酶轻链蛋白。方法:以GenBank公共数据库中的牛肠激酶轻链基因序列(AccessionNo.NM174439)设计引物,利用RT-PCR合成牛肠激酶轻链基因片段,并克隆进pPIC9K载体,同时在基因N端插进6个组氨酸标签,转化毕赤酵母GS115,进行筛选和诱导表达。产物经镍离子螯和层析和Q-SepharoseFF柱纯化,并酶切融合蛋白检测其活性。结果:培养液中重组牛肠激酶轻链蛋白表达量为3.0mg/L。对含有肠激酶酶切位点的IL-11/MBP融合蛋白进行酶切,结果表明,酶解率可达到90%以上。结论:表达并获得了高纯度的重组肠激酶轻链蛋白,为大规模生产打下了基础。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Staphylococcus simulans</Emphasis> recombinant lysostaphin: Production,purification, and determination of antistaphylococcal activity

Staphylococcus simulans lysostaphin is an endopeptidase lysing staphylococcus cell walls by cleaving pentaglycine cross-bridges in their peptidoglycan. A synthetic gene encoding S. simulans lysostaphin was cloned in Escherichia coli cells, and producer strains were designed. The level of produced biologically active lysostaphin comprised 6-30% of total E. coli cell protein (depending on E. coli M15 or BL21 producer) under batch cultivation conditions. New methods were developed for purification of lysostaphin without affinity domains and for testing its enzymatic activity. As judged by PAGE, the purified recombinant lysostaphin is of >97% purity. The produced lysostaphin lysed cells of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus clinical isolates. In vitro activity and general biochemical properties of purified recombinant lysostaphin produced by M15 or BL21 E. coli strains were identical to those of recombinant lysostaphin supplied by SigmaAldrich (USA) and used as reference in other known studies. The prepared recombinant lysostaphin represents a potential product for development of enzymatic preparation for medicine and veterinary due to the simple purification scheme enabling production of the enzyme of high purity and antistaphylococcal activity.     

用壳聚糖替代Sepharse 4B固定相关配体纯化酶的研究

采用壳聚糖固定酶作用的特定底物（菌体细胞）,并用戊二醛交联制备成酶的亲和吸附剂。采用该吸附剂纯化溶葡球菌的研究表明,经一步纯化可提高纯度4倍,酶活性回收大于70％。SDS－PAGE的电泳结果显示,产品基本上达到了标准酶的纯度。同时表明该吸附剂没有非特异性吸附。由载体壳聚糖替代Sepharose 4B制备的吸附剂具有简单、快速、较高收得率和操作安全等优点,适用于特定酶或基因工程产品的分离纯化。     

Gene and Protein Sequence Optimization for High-Level Production of Fully Active and Aglycosylated Lysostaphin in Pichia pastoris

Lysostaphin represents a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of staphylococcal infections, in particular those of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, conventional expression systems for the enzyme suffer from various limitations, and there remains a need for an efficient and cost-effective production process to facilitate clinical translation and the development of nonmedical applications. While Pichia pastoris is widely used for high-level production of recombinant proteins, there are two major barriers to the production of lysostaphin in this industrially relevant host: lack of expression from the wild-type lysostaphin gene and aberrant glycosylation of the wild-type protein sequence. The first barrier can be overcome with a synthetic gene incorporating improved codon usage and balanced A+T/G+C content, and the second barrier can be overcome by disrupting an N-linked glycosylation sequon using a broadened choice of mutations that yield aglyscosylated and fully active lysostaphin. The optimized lysostaphin variants could be produced at approximately 500 mg/liter in a small-scale bioreactor, and 50% of that material could be recovered at high purity with a simple 2-step purification. It is anticipated that this novel high-level expression system will bring down one of the major barriers to future development of biomedical, veterinary, and research applications of lysostaphin and its engineered variants.     

Efficient Adsorption of Lysostaphin on Bacterial Cells of Lysostaphin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Mutant

A simple and efficient method for the purification of staphylolytic endopeptidase (lysostaphin) contained in culture supernatant of Staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus strain by adsorption of the enzyme on bacterial cells of lysostaphin-resistant S. aureus mutant was successfully devised. Lysostaphin was sufficiently adsorbed on the heat-killed mutant cells derived from S. aureus Cowan I and efficiently eluted by 3 M KSCN. Enzyme preparation obtained by a single procedure of the affinity purification was pure enough for practical use. The yield of the enzyme was 25 mg from 1 liter culture and recovery rate was 64%.     

Lysostaphin: an antistaphylococcal agent

Lysostaphin is a zinc metalloenzyme which has a specific lytic action against Staphylococcus aureus. Lysostaphin has activities of three enzymes namely, glycylglycine endopeptidase, endo-beta-N-acetyl glucosamidase and N-acteyl muramyl-L: -alanine amidase. Glycylglycine endopeptidase specifically cleaves the glycine-glycine bonds, unique to the interpeptide cross-bridge of the S. aureus cell wall. Due to its unique specificity, lysostaphin could have high potential in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcal infections. This review article presents a current understanding of the lysostaphin and its applications in therapeutic agent as a treatment against antibiotic-resistant S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections, either alone or in combination with other antibiotics.     

溶葡球菌酶的纯化和某些性质

1.应用本实验室构建的克隆菌株枯草杆菌0044进行了溶葡球菌酶的发酵生产,产量为150—200mg/L; 2.通过DEAE-纤维素,CM-纤维素和Sephadex G-50层析纯化了该酶;并以NaCl盐析方式,首次获得了该酶结晶; 3.测定了溶葡球菌酶的某些性质; 4.观察并讨论了溶葡球菌酶与溶菌酶等在溶菌作用上的相互加强。     

溶葡球菌酶前体及前体加工蛋白酶的生成控制和纯化

 为深入探讨溶葡球菌酶前体加工转化为成熟的溶葡球菌酶的机制,本文通过条件控制分别从Staphylococcus simulans的培养液中获得了溶葡球菌酶前体和它的加工蛋白酶,并分别通过HPLC和Affi-Gel 501亲和层析对它们进行了纯化,根据聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和凝胶等电聚焦电泳,表明二者已基本上达到均一的程度。在此基础上,又进行了溶葡球菌酶前体的体外加工转化实验。     

Therapeutic applications of lysostaphin against Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus, an opportunistic pathogen, causes diverse community and nosocomial-acquired human infections, including folliculitis, impetigo, sepsis, septic arthritis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, implant-associated biofilm infections and contagious mastitis in cattle. In recent days, both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections have increased. Highly effective anti-staphylococcal agents are urgently required. Lysostaphin is a 27 kDa zinc metallo antimicrobial lytic enzyme that is produced by Staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus and was first discovered in the 1960s. Lysostaphin is highly active against S. aureus strains irrespective of their drug-resistant patterns with a minimum inhibitory concentration of ranges between 0·001 and 0·064 μg ml⁻¹. Lysostaphin has activity against both dividing and non-dividing S. aureus cells; and can seep through the extracellular matrix to kill the biofilm embedded S. aureus. In spite of having excellent anti-staphylococcal activity, its clinical application is hindered because of its immunogenicity and reduced bio-availability. Extensive research with lysostaphin lead to the development of several engineered lysostaphin derivatives with reduced immunogenicity and increased serum half-life. Therapeutic efficacy of both native and engineered lysostaphin derivatives was studied by several research groups. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic applications of native and engineered lysostaphin derivatives developed to eradicate S. aureus infections.     

Efficacy and Safety of Topical Lysostaphin Treatment of Persistent Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus

The efficacy of lysostaphin nasal spray and Neosporin ointment (Burroughs Wellcome & Co.) in altering nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus was studied with persistent carriers in an institution for mentally retarded children and adults. Treatment for 5 days with either agent significantly reduced carriage rates. This effect persisted through the 5th day after therapy with lysostaphin but not with Neosporin. By the 11th day after therapy, carriage rates in the treatment and control groups were not significantly different. Except for a single immediate wheal and flair skin test reaction, no other evidence of adverse reactions to topical lysostaphin was detected. No consistent changes in hemagglutination-inhibition titers to lysostaphin were observed after therapy. Lysostaphin appears to be slightly more effective than conventional topical antimicrobial therapy in reducing nasal carriage of staphylococci in this rigorously defined population of persistent carriers.