白菜转脂蛋白CaMBP10分子中钙调素结合结构域的鉴定

植物转脂蛋白(LTPs)是多基因编码的蛋白家族, 广泛分布于高等植物,其确切的生理功能至今仍不清楚. 本室从白菜中分离的钙调素结合蛋白-10 (CaMBP10) 经序列分析 被鉴定为植物转脂蛋白家族成员,体外实验证明钙调素(CaM)调节其脂质结合活性.为了深入了解转脂蛋白与CaM的相互作用机制,本文通过删除、缺失和定点突变等分子生物学手段确定了白菜转脂蛋白CaMBP10分子中的钙调素结合结构域.该结构域位于分子C末端 64~83位氨基酸残基之间,其中疏水氨基酸的分布具有1-5-8-10 的CaM结合模序特征.     

转脂蛋白CaMBP10的胶体金标记及对白菜中CaMBP10结合蛋白的鉴定

植物转脂蛋白 (LTP)是一类广泛存在于高等植物中的空间结构高度保守的碱性小分子蛋白,其确切功能和调节机制至今仍不清楚.本室从白菜中分离的钙调素结合 蛋白10 (CaMBP10),经序列分析被鉴定为植物转脂蛋白家族成员.近期研究结果表明 ,CaMBP10 参与了植物的生物与非生物胁迫反应.为了深入探讨CaMBP10的抗性机制,确定植物中与其相互作用的蛋白质,本文拟建立胶体金标记CaMBP10 的方法,通过凝胶覆盖分析,检测植物样品中的CaMBP10 结合蛋白为此,对标记反应的最适条件进行了优化,确定最佳条件为：交联剂戊二醛用量为0.034%,交联反应pH值为7 .0,交联反应时间为40 min,胶体金颗粒度为10 nm,胶体金溶液的pH为7.0. 本文确定建立了植物样品中CaMBP10结合蛋白的分析与鉴定方法.     

茶树钙调素基因CsCaMs的克隆及其低温胁迫下的表达分析

钙调素(CaM)是植物钙离子信号通道的主要参与者,参与低温胁迫下多种植物的抗寒生理作用。本研究根据钙调素基因相关表达序列标签(EST)序列,借助RACE-PCR技术,获得CsCaM1和CsCaM2两条cDNA全长序列,GenBank登录号分别为KT238971和KT238972,长度分别为693 bp和841 bp,均包含450 bp的完整开放阅读框(ORF),编码149个氨基酸,两条氨基酸序列仅一个氨基酸有差异,且均含有4个植物CaM家族的共同特征手型结构EF(EF-hand)。采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)分析CsCaMs在茶树低温胁迫下各种处理中的表达模式。结果表明,CsCaMs无组织表达特异性,低温胁迫处理和CaCl2均能诱导CsCaMs的表达,而钙调素拮抗剂W7与钙离子通道抑制剂LaCl3则会抑制其表达。本研究结果对阐明茶树抗寒性的分子机理有一定理论意义,为茶树的抗寒性育种提供参考。     

CaMBP-10单克隆抗体的制备及CaMBP-10在豌豆器官中的表达检测

用电泳纯钙调素结合蛋白BP 10 (CaMBP 10 )免疫小鼠 ,制备单克隆抗体 (McAb) .用MEP(mercapto ethtyl pyridine)HyperCel疏水层析柱从细胞培养上清中纯化并获得单克隆抗体 ,同时测定了抗体 抗原反应的基本特性 .此单克隆抗体具有较高纯度、特异性和亲和力 .亲和常数 (Kaff)为1 2 6× 10 9(mol L) -1,此抗体和CaM在空间上以相同或相近的位点与CaMBP 10相结合 .以胶体金标记的抗体为探针 ,研究CaMBP 10在豌豆幼叶、成熟叶、茎尖、茎、根等不同器官的分布特征 ,并与胶体金标记CaM的结合情况相对照 .结果显示 ,CaMBP 10在植物中的分布特点与文献报道的CaM的分布特点相一致 ,提示CaMBP 10可能是在蛋白水平上对CaM进行区域化和可用性调节     

植物钙调素结合蛋白研究进展

钙调素(CaM)作为最重要的一类Ca2 传感蛋白可以通过与其下游CaM结合蛋白(CaMBP)作用而调节细胞的生理功能.因此,对CaMBP的研究是揭示CaM作用机制的重要内容,是探明Ca2 -CaM信号转导系统的关键.该文从CaMBP和CaM的结合特性、植物CaMBP的分布以及植物CaMBP的生物学功能等方面综述了植物CaMBP的研究现状和最新进展.     

长春花钙调素基因克隆及其假基因的识别

以长春花[Catharanthus roseus(L.)G.Don]叶片cDNA和基因组DNA为模板,利用PCR技术扩增得到了长春花钙调素基因447 bp的全长编码cDNA序列和2个大小不同的DNA片段.序列分析表明,DNA长片段全长1 551 bp,由2个外显子和1个内含子构成,为长春花钙调素基因编码区DNA片段;DNA小片段全长447 bp,与447 bp的长春花钙调素基因cDNA核苷酸一致性高达87%,有56个碱基的差异,其中位于226 bp处的碱基A突变为T,即由AAG突变为终止密码子TAG使翻译提前终止.推测此447 bp的DNA小片段可能为长春花钙调素基因的假基因,命名为CCaMP1.     

华山姜中钙调素基因的克隆及其RNA原位杂交

本文报道了华山姜中钙调素cDNA的核苷酸序列以及由此推导的氨基酸序列。并用原化杂交的方法检测其在花器官中的时间表达模式。用[^32P]d-CTP标记的小草蔻-Alpinia hainanensis AGAMOUS（AG）cDNA的MADS-domain作为探针筛选华山姜的cDNA文库．得到一个钙调素蛋白相关克隆．命名为AoCAM。华山姜钙调素AoCAM的cDNA全长518bp．有一个包含149个氨基酸的开放读码框．编码区起始于第54个核苷酸,终止于第501个核苷酸。AoCAM与拟南芥、小麦、大豆、矮牵牛、玉米的钙调素氨基酸序列比较同源性高达95％。RNA原位杂交表明钙凋素基因和花瓣、雄蕊、雌蕊细胞中大量表达。钙调素基因的表达强度随不同的发育阶段而变化：花发育早期在花的各器官中部表达强烈,以后逐渐减弱并向特定部位集中．如花粉囊、唇瓣、花柱和胚珠等分生能力较强的细胞中表达较强。     

小麦NBS类抗病基因同源cDNA序列的克隆与特征分析

根据已克隆植物抗病(R)基因NBS保守结构域设计简并引物,采用RT-PCR和cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE),在小麦抗叶锈病近等基因系材料TcLr19中进行抗病同源基因cDNA全长的扩增。获得了1个通读的NBS类抗病同源基因S11A11cDNA序列,该序列全长2923bp,编码878个氨基酸序列。生物信息学分析结果表明,该片段含有NB-ARC保守结构域和多个LRR结构域。聚类分析表明,S11A11编码的蛋白与小麦抗叶锈病基因Lr1编码的蛋白亲缘关系较近,而与Lr10亲缘关系较远。半定量RT-PCR分析表明,该基因在小麦叶片中为低丰度组成型表达。本研究在TcLr19小麦中成功获得了抗病基因同源序列,为最终克隆小麦抗叶锈病目的基因奠定了基础。     

玉米非特异性脂转移蛋白的cDNA克隆和表达及表达产物的钙调素结合活性分析

用RT-PCR法克隆了成熟的玉米非特异性脂转移蛋白的cDNA,将它连接到表达质粒上并转化至大肠杆菌中表达。以钙调素凝胶覆盖法和钙调素亲和层析下拉实验对表达产物进行分析,证明它具有结合钙调素的活性,并且这种结合不依赖于Ca^2＋,与前期研究中钙调素结合蛋白-10和拟南芥非特异性脂转移蛋白1的结合特性相同。采用基因删除和缺失突变的方法研究玉米非特异性脂转移蛋白与钙调素结合的结构域,结果表明钙调素结合于47-60位氨基酸,预测的蛋白质二级结构为碱性双亲α-螺旋结构。     

一个巴西橡胶树钙调素基因假基因的识别

以巴西橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis)基因组DNA为模板,根据胶乳钙调素基因HbCaM序列设计引物,利用PCR方法克隆获得了1 319 bp和447 bp的两个DNA片段.序列分析表明,1 319 bp的DNA长片段为胶乳钙调素基因HbCaM的DNA片段,含有两个外显子(77 bp和373 bp)和1个内含子(869 bp),包含了HbCaM cDNA编码区447 bp的全部序列;447 bp的DNA小片段与HbCaM cDNA核苷酸序列同源性高达98%,ORF分析发现,位于406?bp处的碱基C突变为T,即三联体密码CAG突变为终止子TAG使翻译提前终止,其余5个差异碱基都不影响或改变正常的翻译.推测此447 bp的DNA片段为巴西橡胶树钙调素HbCaM基因的假基因,命名为HbCaMP1.     

Calmodulin-binding protein BP-10, a probable new member of plant nonspecific lipid transfer protein superfamily.

CaMBP-10 is a novel plant endogenous calmodulin-binding protein with important physiological functions. The partial cDNA sequence of this protein was cloned using RT-PCR. The deduced peptide (designated PCBP10) is composed of 74 amino acid residues containing a basic amphiphilic alpha-helix typical for calmodulin-binding proteins. PCBP10 shows very high amino acid sequence homology with plant nonspecific lipid-transfer proteins (nsLTPs). Sequence analysis also reveals that PCBP10 has similar amino acid composition to plant nsLTPs, and seven of the eight conserved cysteine residues are found in PCBP10. Furthermore, the secondary structure features of PCBP10 are very similar to those of plant nsLTPs. In addition, there are striking resemblances between CaMBP-10 and plant nsLTPs in their biochemical and physical properties. Our results suggest that CaMBP-10 is a novel member of the plant and nsLTP gene family, and the Ca(2+)/CaM regulative system may also play roles in lipid metabolism, defense reactions, and the adaptation of plants to natural environment.     

Isolation,sequencing and analysis of the expression of Bryonia calmodulin after mechanical perturbation

A cDNA clone (Bc329) encoding calmodulin was isolated from a Bryonia cDNA library by screening with cloned Arabidopsis calmodulin cDNA. The cDNA Bc329 was 899 bp full-length clone. The predicted amino acid sequence consists of 149 residues and reveals a high homology with other known plant calmodulins (91 to 99% identity). Genomic southern blot suggests that Bryonia calmodulin is encoded by a single-copy gene. The Bc329 clone was used as a probe to study the expression of calmodulin mRNA after a mechanical stimulus applied on young Bryonia internodes. The steady-state of calmodulin mRNA reached a maximum 30 min after the treatment before it progressively decreased. The role of calcium and calmodulin as second messengers is discussed with regard to environmental changes.     

A potent antimicrobial protein from onion seeds showing sequence homology to plant lipid transfer proteins.

An antimicrobial protein of about 10 kD, called Ace-AMP1, was isolated from onion (Allium cepa L.) seeds. Based on the near-complete amino acid sequence of this protein, oligonucleotides were designed for polymerase chain reaction-based cloning of the corresponding cDNA. The mature protein is homologous to plant nonspecific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs), but it shares only 76% of the residues that are conserved among all known plant nsLTPs and is unusually rich in arginine. Ace-AMP1 inhibits all 12 tested plant pathogenic fungi at concentrations below 10 micrograms mL-1. Its antifungal activity is either not at all or is weakly affected by the presence of different cations at concentrations approximating physiological ionic strength conditions. Ace-AMP1 is also active on two Gram-positive bacteria but is apparently not toxic for Gram-negative bacteria and cultured human cells. In contrast to nsLTPs such as those isolated from radish or maize seeds, Ace-AMP1 was unable to transfer phospholipids from liposomes to mitochondria. On the other hand, lipid transfer proteins from wheat and maize seeds showed little or no antimicrobial activity, whereas the radish lipid transfer protein displayed antifungal activity only in media with low cation concentrations. The relevance of these findings with regard to the function of nsLTPs is discussed.     

白芷细胞外21kD钙调素结合蛋白的生理功能初探

利用Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ１００ 及ＣＭＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ层析法,从白芷悬浮培养细胞的胞外盐提液中纯化了２１ ｋＤ 钙调素结合蛋白（２１ ｋＤＣａＭＢＰ） ,测其等电点的ｐＨ 为８ ．９ ,紫外薄层扫描显示其纯度达９４ ％ 以上。以此蛋白为抗原,用免疫小鼠腹水法制备了特异性抗体。由纯化的２１ ｋＤＣａＭＢＰ及其特异性抗体研究其对白芷悬浮培养细胞增殖的影响,结果表明：加入外源纯化的２１ ｋＤＣａＭＢＰ 抑制细胞增殖,半抑制浓度约８ μｇ／ｍｌ;而加入２１ ｋＤＣａＭＢＰ特异性抗体却促进细胞增殖效应。推测胞外内源存在的２１ ｋＤＣａＭＢＰ在生理条件下可能具有参与调节胞外活化ＣａＭ 信号分子的浓度,从而调节胞外ＣａＭ 的生物学功能。     

紫杆柽柳与其它物种脂质转运蛋白基因编码蛋白的同源性比较

根据从柽柳cDNA文库克隆获得的脂质转运蛋白(LTP)的部分序列,用RACE技术克隆出其全长cDNA序列.基因的5'非翻译区96bp,3'非翻译区222bp,开放阅读框285bp,编码94个氨基酸,预计蛋白的分子量为9.9 kD,等电点为8.02.此基因有8个位置保守的Cys残基及26个氨基酸的信号肽,为典型的植物脂质转运蛋白基因.其基因序列数据库(GenBank)登录号为AY574218(基因)和AAS79106(蛋白).     

Identification of non-specific lipid transfer protein-1 as a calmodulin-binding protein in Arabidopsis

Although non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) are widely present in plants, their functions and regulations have not been fully understood. In this report, Arabidopsis nsLTP1 was cloned and expressed to investigate its binding to calmodulin (CaM). Gel overlay assays revealed that recombinant nsLTP1 bound to CaM in a calcium-independent manner. The association of nsLTP1 and CaM was corroborated using CaM-Sepharose beads to specifically isolate recombinant nsLTP1 from crude bacterial lysate. The CaM-binding site was mapped in nsLTP1 to the region of 69-80 amino acids. This region is highly conserved among plant nsLTPs, implicating that nsLTPs are a new family of CaM-binding proteins whose functions may be mediated by CaM signaling.     

High molecular weight calmodulin-binding protein is phosphorylated by calmodulin-dependent protein kinase VI from bovine cardiac muscle

A high molecular weight calmodulin-binding protein (HMW CaMBP) from bovine heart cytosolic fraction was purified to apparent homogeneity. A novel CaM-dependent protein kinase was originally discovered when the total CaM-binding protein fraction from cardiac muscle was loaded on a gel filtration column. The CaM-dependent protein kinase was shown by gel filtration chromatography to have an apparent molecular mass of 36,000 daltons. The CaM-dependent protein kinase has been highly purified by sequential chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose C1 6B (to remove calmodulin), CaM-Sepharose 4B, phosphocellulose, Sepharose 6B gel filtration and Mono S column chromatographies. The highly purified protein kinase stoichiometrically phosphorylated the HMW CaMBP in a Ca²⁺/CaM-dependent manner. The phosphorylation resulted in the maximal incorporation of 1 mol of phosphate/mol of the HMW CaMBP. The distinct substrate specificity of this protein kinase indicates that it is not related to the known protein kinases (I, II, III, IV and V) that have been already characterized, therefore we would like to designate this novel kinase as a CaM-dependent protein kinase V1.     

钙调素对钙调素结合蛋白-10和玉米非特异性脂转移蛋白与脂质结合活性的影响

荧光标记的脂质结合实验表明,钙调素结合蛋白-10（CaMBP-10）具有典型的植物非特异性脂质转移蛋白与脂质结合的特性。进一步实验研究了钙调素（calmodulin,CaM）对CaMBP-10和玉米nsLTP与脂质结合的活性的影响,结果显示无论在有钙和无钙条件下,CaM对两者的影响均有不同之处,W-7和TFP能消除CaM的影响。提示CaM不仅与CaMBP-10和玉米nsLTP特异性相互作用,而且对2种脂转移蛋白可能具有不同的调节机制。