Description of two species of free-living nematodes (Nematoda) from fresh waterbodies of Vietnam

The new nematode species Monhystera longivaginata sp. n. and the rare species Mononchulus nodicaudatus (Daday, 1901) collected in waterbodies of Vietnam are described. M. longivaginata sp. n. is morphologically similar to M. paludicola de Man, 1881, but differs from it in a longer and slenderer tail in females, ocelli situated closer to the anterior end of the body, the presence of a postvulval gland cell, and a longer vagina. The genus Monhystera Bastian, 1865 is revised, and several species of this genus (M. lemani Juget, 1969, M. macramphus Filipjev, 1923, M. amabilis Gagarin, 1997, M. hamata Gagarin et Nguyen Vu Thanh, 2005, and M. melnikae Gagarin et Naumova, 2010) are transferred to the genus Eumonhystera Andrássy, 1981 as E. lemani (Juget, 1969) comb. nov., E. macramphus (Filipjev, 1929) comb. nov., E. amabilis (Gagarin, 1997) comb. nov., E. hamata (Gagarin et Nguyen Vu Thanh, 2005) comb. nov., and E. melnikae (Gagarin et Naumova, 2010) comb. nov.     

A new species of Eumonhystera and three species of Monhystera (Monhysteridae: Nematoda) from Li River,China

A new Eumonhystera species, E. huruii n. sp., together with Monhystera nubiae Eyualem & Coomans, 1996, Monhystera somereni Allgén, 1952, and Monhystera wangi Wu & Hoeppli, 1932 are described from Li river at Guiling, China. Eumonhystera huruii n. sp. is closest to E. barbata Andrássy, 1981, but differs in having shorter anterior setae, much longer reproductive system, shorter and less dorsally bent tail and differently shaped spinneret. M. nubiae and M. wangi are reported here for the first time outside their type locality, whereas M. somereni is reported from China for the first time.     

Three New Species of Nothacrobeles (Nemata: Cephalobidae) from the Mojave Desert, California

Three new species of Nothacrobeles are described from localities in the Mojave Desert, southern California. Nothacrobeles triniglarus n. sp. is characterized by the presence of a long post-vulval sac and three tubular adoral projections. Both N. spatulatus n. sp. and N. nanocorpus n. sp. are smaller than any other known species within the genus. Nothacrobeles spatulatus n. sp. has labial probolae that are short and spatulate without a basal ridge, whereas those of N. nanocorpus n. sp. are flattened and plate-like. Furthermore, N. nanocorpus n. sp. is unique by its extremely short esophageal corpus (less than 25 µm long in adult females) and the small size of its guard processes. An emended diagnosis of the genus is given to accommodate distinctive characteristics of these new species. A table comparing the 11 valid species of Nothacrobeles is presented.     

Aquatic nematodes from Ethiopia II

Eight species of the genus Monhystrella, six of which are new to science, are described from bottom samples collected from three lakes, two rivers and a hot spring in Ethiopia. Monhystrella hoogewijsi n. sp. is identified by a distinctive bulge on the lip region, position of the amphids, offset and well developed single pharyngeal terminal bulb, tail shorter than vulva-anus distance, tail elongate-conoid for two-thirds of its length, and by the shape and size of the spinneret outlet; M. jacobsi n. sp. by its slender body, distinctively offset and distended lip region, indistinct and weakly expanding single terminal pharyngeal bulb, and shape and size of the tail and spinneret outlet; M. arsiensis n. sp. by its single terminal pharyngeal bulb, position of amphids, shape and length of tail and spinneret outlet; M. woitorum n. sp. by its hemispherical lip region, double terminal pharyngeal bulb, shape and length of the spinneret outlet, and shape and length of tail; M. ethiopica n. sp. by its bipartite stoma, size of amphid in relation to corresponding body width, filiform tail and shape and length of spinneret outlet. M. atteae n. sp. differs from all known Monhystrella species in having an inflated cap-like lip region and fine crystalloid bodies. M. macrura (de Man, 1880) Andrássy, 1981 and M. lepidura altherri (Juget, 1969) Jacobs, 1987 are reported from Ethiopia for the first time. Crystalloid bodies in the genus Monhystrella is reported here for the first time. Also the presence of a hyaline coelomocyte next to the germinal zone of the reproductive system is reported for the first time in the genus here in all eight species. The structures used in the taxonomy of the genus are reviewed.     

Sinharaja gen. n., a new Uropodina mite genus from Sri Lanka with description of two new species (Acari: Mesostigmata: Uropodidae)

A new Uropodina genus (Sinharaja gen. n.) is described on the basis of two new species (S. ceylonensis sp. n. and S. sinhala sp. n.) from Sri Lanka. The new genus differs by the strongly sclerotised dorsal lines, pentagonal pygidial shield, the shape and length of dorsal setae and the shape of first and fourth hypstomal setae, internal malae and epistome from the other known Uropodina genera.     

中国大翼甲螨科一新记录属及其一新种（甲螨亚目：大翼甲螨科）

首次报道囊大翼甲螨属Sacculogalumna Engelbrecht, 1973在我国分布,并记述了该属采自贵州省绥阳县宽阔水国家级自然保护区的1新种:绥阳囊大翼甲螨 Sacculogalumna suiyangensis sp. nov.。该新种的主要区别特征为:梁间毛短或缺失;感器细长,光滑,感器头微微膨大,呈纺锤状;后背板毛明显;肛后孔区小,圆形。附有该新种与该属其他种类的区别对照表。模式标本保存于贵州大学昆虫研究所。     

Pterotylenchus cecidogenus n. gen., n. sp., a New Stem-gall Nematode Parasitizing Desmodium ovalifolium in Colombia

Pterotylenchus cecidogenus n. gen., n. sp. from stem-galls of Desmodium ovalifolium Wall. in Colombia is described and illustrated. The new genus belongs to Anguinidae and is related to Orrina Brzeski, 1980 but is unique in having large vulval flaps. P. cecidogenus has females with body 0.59-0.8 mm long, stylet 9-11 μm long, no median oesophageal bulb, a crustaformeria of 32-36 cells, a short post-vulval uterine sac, and a conical pointed tail.     

Mariambera,a new genus of Orthocladiinae from Brazil (Insecta: Diptera,Chironomidae)

The genus Mariambera is erected based on the males of M. amazonica n. sp. from Amazonas and M. mariae n. sp. from Minas Gerais. The new genus is easily recognized by the distinctive anal point which has a rounded dorsal lobe with microtrichia and a triangular ventral lobe with very strong, marginal setae, in combination with bare eyes and wing membrane, squama with setae, antenna without strong apical seta, and apparently few, short, very weak, hair-like acrostichals in anterior 1/3 of scutum.     

A new species of Jesogammarus from the Iki Island,Japan (Crustacea,Amphipoda, Anisogammaridae)

A new species of anisogammarid amphipod, Jesogammarus (Jesogammarus) ikiensis sp. n., is described from freshwaters in the Iki Island, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, based on results of morphological and molecular analyses. The new species is distinguished from all members of the genus by the combination of small number of setae on dorsal margins of pleonites 1–3, short and small number of setae on posterior margins of peduncular articles of antennae, mandibular article 1 without setae, well developed posterior lobes of accessory lobes of coxal gills on gnathopod 2 and pereopods 3–5, and pectinate setae on palmar margin of female gnathopod 2. A key to all the species of Jesogammarus is provided.     

Hesperentomon yangi sp. n. from Jiangsu Province,Eastern China,with analyses of DNA barcodes (Protura,Acerentomata, Hesperentomidae)

Hesperentomon yangi sp. n. is described from eastern China. Its DNA barcodes are sequenced and compared to the similar species of the genus. Hesperentomon yangi sp. n. is characterized by 12 posterior setae on tergites II–VI, 8 posterior setae on sternites IV–VI (seta Pc absent), absence of seta sd4 on head, absence of seta P2a on tergite VII, 6 and 8 anterior setae on mesosternum and metasternum respectively, and few teeth on comb. It differs from Hesperentomon xiningense Bu & Yin, 2007 and Hesperentomon nanshanensis Bu & Yin, 2007 in the chaetotaxy of mesosternum and metanotum, maxillary gland, length and shape of some sensilla on foretarsus, as well as the body porotaxy. The genetic divergences of DNA barcodes sequences between Hesperentomon yangi sp. n., Hesperentomon xiningense and Hesperentomon nanshanensis are 24.1% on average, which is distinctly higher than the divergences between individuals of the new species (0.5%). Molecular data provide a solid evidence of the new species identified by the morphological characters.     

The freeliving nematode genus Parodontophora Timm 1963 (Nematoda: Axonolaimidae) is not exclusively marine: Parodontophora limnophila sp. nov. from freshwater in China

Parodontophora limnophila sp. nov. is described from Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake of China. It is characterized by having an amphid with its posterior end close to the base of the stoma, relatively short cephalic setae, opisthocephalic setae arranged as two subdorsal groups of three longitudinally arranged setae and two single subventral setae, excretory pore at the level of the anterior part of the stoma and renette gland 34–47% of the oesophageal length. To date, the new species is the only Parodontophora species found in freshwater habitats.     

Description of lotonchus onchus n. sp. and Detailed Observations on I. litoralis Coetzee, 1967 (Anatonchoidea: Mononchida) from Korea

Iotonchus onchus n. sp. is characterised by 2.4–2.5 mm long body; buccal cavity with posteriorly placed dorsal tooth at 72–77% of its length, dorsally swollen oesophageal collar, tuberculate cardia, presence of pre- and post-vulval papillae, muscular vagina without sclerotization and males with 11 pre-cloacal ventromedian supplement and 2 post-cloacal ventral papillae. Another species, I. litoralis reported here for the first time from Korea is also described in detail with variations in its buccal cavity length, tooth position and ‘a’ value.     

A new genus and species of Coenosiini from Costa Rica (Diptera,Muscidae, Coenosiinae)

Palpilongus gen. n. is herein described for one species – Palpilongus bifurcus sp. n., from Costa Rica, based on male and females. The striking morphological characters of the species – palpus very long, about as long as prementum; upper calypter truncate and very short and setae of male sternite 5 bifurcated, confirm that this new species is also a new genus in the tribe Coenosiini. Male and female terminalia were dissected and illustrated.     

The oribatid mite genus Macrogena (Acari,Oribatida, Ceratozetidae), with description of two new species from New Zealand

Two new species of oribatid mites of the genus Macrogena (Oribatida, Ceratozetidae) are described from alpine soils of the South Island of New Zealand. Macrogena brevisensilla sp. n. and Macrogena abbreviata sp. n. differ from all species of this genus by the tridactylous legs and by the comparatively short interlamellar setae, respectively. New generic diagnosis and an identification key to the known species of Macrogena are provided.     

Two new species of oribatid mites of Lasiobelba (Acari,Oribatida, Oppiidae) from Nepal,including a key to all species of the genus

Two new species of oribatid mites of the genus Lasiobelba (Oribatida, Oppiidae), Lasiobelba (Lasiobelba) daamsae sp. n. and Lasiobelba (Antennoppia) nepalica sp. n., are described from eastern Nepal. Lasiobelba (L.) daamsae sp. n. is most similar to L. (L.) remota Aoki, 1959 and L. (L.) gibbosa (Mahunka, 1985), however, it differs from both by the anterior part of pedotecta I specifically curved, rostrum pointed and exobothridial setae not shorter than bothridial setae. Lasiobelba (Antennoppia) nepalica sp. n. is most similar to L. (A.) granulata (Mahunka, 1986), however, it differs from the latter by the larger body size, exobothridial setae longer than rostral setae and bothridial setae not longer than interlamellar setae. An identification key to known species of Lasiobelba is given.     

Two new species of Panorpa (Mecoptera,Panorpidae) from the Hengduan Mountains in Yunnan,China

Two new species of the genus Panorpa Linnaeus, 1758 are described from the Hengduan Mountains in Yunnan, China. Panorpa diqingensis sp. n. can be distinguished from its congeners by vertex dark brown, and occiput yellow; pleura dark brown; gonocoxites bearing a cluster of stout black setae on inner apex; parameres S-shaped in male genitalia. Panorpa dispergens sp. n. can be readily differentiated from other Panorpa species by apical band with a hyaline spot in wings; gonocoxites with a cluster of stout dark brown setae and 3–5 long setae on inner apex; female medigynium with a pair of basal plates. The number of Panorpa species in Yunnan is raised to six. A key to Yunnan species of Panorpa is presented.