磷酸化酶mRNA在水稻雌蕊中表达的时空动态

利用ＲＮＡ原位杂交技术,对水稻受精前后雌蕊组织切片进行磷酸化酶基因表达的定位。结果显示,磷酸化酶ｍＲＮＡ在柱头、花柱、子房壁以及维管束中大量表达,而胚珠中除合点部位外表达很弱。受精前后的胚囊中各细胞磷酸化酶ｍＲＮＡ表达也很弱,并且没有明显的时空变化。在积累淀粉的胚乳细胞中磷酸化酶ｍＲＮＡ大量分布。原胚中的磷酸化酶ｍＲＮＡ表达较弱,到分化胚积累过渡性淀粉时才显著增加。本文首次对磷酸化酶ｍＲＮＡ在植物雌性器官发育过程中的时空分布动态作了初步研究。     

柑桔原生质体融合再生叶肉亲本型植株的遗传分析

叶肉亲本（粗柠檬）型植株叶形指数、气孔特征与亲本粗柠檬无异,与同组合体细胞杂种差异显著。染色体计数为二倍体（２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１８）。过氧化物酶（ＰＯＸ）、多酚氧化酶（ＰＰＯ）、谷草转氨酶（ＧＯＴ）同工酶图谱与粗柠檬一致。ＲＡＰＤ分析表明,在具多态性的５４个随机引物中,大多数引物（５２个）上的图谱与粗柠檬相同。但ＯＰＷ－１２上,叶肉亲本型植株含有哈姆林甜检的特征谱带。ＯＰＶ－０４扩增产物显示,叶肉亲本型     

钙调素mRNA和蛋白在水稻花药和雌蕊发育过程中的原位定位

利用ＲＮＡ原位杂交和免疫组织化学定位技术分别检测了钙调素ｍＲＮＡ和钙调素蛋白在水稻（ＯｒｙｚａｓａｔｉｖａＬ．）花药和雌蕊发育过程中的时空分布特征。钙调素基因在绒毡层、柱头、花粉管生长途径、退化助细胞以及维管薄壁细胞中大量表达,也可在小孢子母细胞、小孢子、花粉、反足细胞、卵细胞以及中央细胞中检测到。钙调素基因的表达强度随不同的发育阶段而变化：花药发育早期表达强,以后逐渐减弱并向特定部位集中,如绒毡层和花粉萌发孔等。胚胎发育早期,钙调素基因在胚乳细胞中的表达比原胚中强,而后期则在分化胚中比胚乳细胞中强。推测在有性生殖过程中,钙调素可能通过Ｃａ２＋ＣａＭ信号途径调节小孢子发育、花粉萌发、花粉管生长、受精以及物质运输等生理过程     

利用RAPD分子标记对三组三系杂交水稻及亲本的遗传分析和鉴定

利用RAPD技术,从248个随机寡聚核苷酸（10bp）中筛选出13个引物能在供试的三组三系杂交水稻及亲本间扩增出43条稳定性较好的多态性片段,其中6个引物能在供试材料间扩增出20个强的多态性标记。利用这些标记能有效地区分各组合中不育系、保持系、恢复系和F1,并能看出各组合中不育系与保持系、不育系与恢复系、F1与亲本间的遗传关系。 Abstract:A total of 248 arbitrary 10-mer oligonucleotide primers were screened using RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) techniques with the genome DNA of three groups of three-line hybrid rice and their parents.Thirteen primers produced 43 polymorphism fragments.Six primers of them produced 20 obviously repeatable polymorphic markers among rice lines tested.Using this RAPD markers,the hybrid rice combinations (sterile-line,maintainer-line,restorer-line and F1)can be effectively identified,and the genetic relationship among them can be shown.     

端粒相关锌指蛋白基因TASL30在人早期胚胎与组织中的mRNA表达及染色体定位

采用原位杂交和RNA点杂交方法,观察了一种新的端粒相关锌指基因TASL30在早期人胚与50种器官组织中的mRNA表达。结果表明,TASL30基因在早期人胚神经管中有明显表达,其中在神经管的头端表达最强,而在人的50种器官组织中均未检测到该基因的明显表达。另外通过G－显带和染色体原位杂交,将TASL30基因定位于人染色体12q24～qter。 Abstract:By means of in situ hybridization and RNA dot blot,mRNA expression of a telomereic-associated zinc finger gene（TASL30 ）was observed.The results showed that TASL30 gene was expressed in significant amount in neural tube of early human embryo and the cephalic expression level was the highest,but none of recognizable positive signal was detected in 50 human tissues.By G-banding and chromosome in situ hybridization,TASL30 gene was located in chromosome 12q24～qter.     

端粒相关锌指蛋白基因TASL30在人早期胚胎与组织中的mRNA表达及染色体定位

采用原位杂交和RNA点杂交方法,观察了一种新的端粒相关锌指基因TASL30在早期人胚与50种器官组织中的mRNA表达。结果表明,TASL30基因在早期人胚神经管中有明显表达,其中在神经管的头端表达最强,而在人的50种器官组织中均未检测到该基因的明显表达。另外通过G－显带和染色体原位杂交,将TASL30基因定位于人染色体12q24～qter。 Abstract:By means of in situ hybridization and RNA dot blot,mRNA expression of a telomereic-associated zinc finger gene（TASL30 ）was observed.The results showed that TASL30 gene was expressed in significant amount in neural tube of early human embryo and the cephalic expression level was the highest,but none of recognizable positive signal was detected in 50 human tissues.By G-banding and chromosome in situ hybridization,TASL30 gene was located in chromosome 12q24～qter.     

光敏核不育水稻叶片中钙调素mRNA原位杂交分析(简报)

采用组织RNA原位杂交技术研究钙调素基因在光敏核不育水稻接受光周期信号后时空表达特征的结果表明,钙调素基因在不同光周期诱导后,叶片在育性转换对光周期敏感的不同发育时期中,mRNA表达量和空间分布上没有明显的差异,与光敏核不育水稻育性不存在直接的关系;叶肉细胞中钙调素mRNA的大量表达,可能与光敏色素信号系统调节叶绿体发育及光合作用有关。     

利用mRNA差别显示技术分析枸杞体细胞胚发生早期基因的差别表达

本研究选用枸杞体细胞胚发生体系中的继代愈伤组织(对照)、胚性愈伤组织和早期胚体为实验材料,提取细胞总RNA,在12种锚定真核生物mRNA3'末端的OligodT12VN中,随机选用OligodT12GA为引物合成了以上三种材料的cDNA第一链,以此cDNA为模板,用随机引物进行PCR扩增,选择差别表达的片段。我们选用了OPA、OPH、OPK和OPB四组的60个随机引物对所得的c DNA进行了PCR扩增,得到了三个在体细胞胚发生早期组织中基因特异表达的片段。结果表明,在体细胞胚发生早期有胚胎发生特异性基因的表达,而且这种特异表达的基因在继代愈伤组织中没有表达,说明植物的体细胞胚发生过程就是细胞内基因差别表达的结果。 Abstract:Embryogenic calli and early embryo can be obtained from both auxin and auxin-free medium.The analysis of differential gene expression in early somatic embryogenesis has been hindered by above-mentioned material.The modifications of the recently described mRNA differential display method were reported and differential gene expression in early slmatic embryogenesis was analyzed.We have obtained three differential bands of cDNA in early somatic embryogenesis.The results indicate that gene expression has temperal and spalil order in early somatic embryogenesis of Lycium barbarum L.Plant somatic embryogenesis is the results of differential gene expression in cell.     

水稻半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因的克隆及其mRNA在水稻中的组成型表达

从40年代发现豆科植物中存在蛋白酶蛋白抑制剂以来,在动物、植物和微生物体内已发现普遍存在着多种类型的蛋白酶抑制剂(PI)。人们往往是为了研究某种蛋白酶的作用机制或出于某种应用目的去分离和研究PI的,对PI的真正生理功能尚不十分清楚。一般认为除防止体内不必要的蛋白降解作用、调节蛋白代谢及调节各种蛋白酶的生理活性外,很多植物的PI还具有抑制某些病源微生物及某些昆虫体内蛋白酶的作用,从而对植物有防卫功能。Hilder等和Johnson等已分别将属于丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的豇豆蛋白酶抑制剂及马铃薯PⅠⅠ和PⅠⅡ基因转入烟草,结果转基因烟草对烟芽夜蛾(He-     

水稻开花受粉前后雌蕊中多胺和核酸及蛋白质含量的变化

水稻雌蕊中精胺在开花第1d有一高峰,以后下降,开花后第5d,精胺与亚精胺和腐胺均达到较高水平．以鲜重及蛋白质为基础的三种多胺效价变化趋势相同,最高水平均出现在开花第1d。以子房鲜重为基础的DNA变化趋势亦是如此。揭示多胺对雌蕊发育的调节作用可能通过促进核酸合成和蛋白质翻译而实现。     

应用随机PCR方法鉴定一株真养产碱杆菌

采用随机引物PCR技术从新建细胞培养室空气中获得一段长414bp的片段,通过克隆测序及序列分析,结果表明所测序列与真养产碱杆菌主要参考菌株的同源性分别高达79%-83%,由其推导的氨基酸序列与真养产碱杆菌主要参考菌株的同源性高达86.4%-89.1%,从而确定所分离菌株为真养产碱杆菌。     

三系杂交稻亲本随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)分析

选用9个随机引物对31份杂交水稻亲本材料进行了RAPD分析, 共检测到60条多态性带。聚类分析结果表明,所有供试材料可以被明确地区分。在9个随机引物中,有8个具有较高的多态性检测能力。以这8个引物为基础,选用任两个引物即可在任一对材料中检测出多态性的频率在96.13%以上,而选用任3个引物则该频率在99.21%以上。这显示了运用RAPD鉴定稻种具有简便、灵敏、高效的优点,在鉴定杂交稻种的实践中有着良好的应用前景。 Abstract:Seven rice sterile lines,12 maintainer lines and 12 restorer lines were analyzed by RAPD with 9 primers.Altogether,118 fragments were generated,of which 60 detected polymorphisms among rice marker.Eight of nine primers can detect high polymorphism.The frequencies of polymorphism in any primers were used,the frequencies would be higher than 99.21%.The eight primers were therefore recommended as candidates for the identification of hybrid rice seeds.     

Estimation of Genetic Variability in Plantago ovata Cultivars

Five cultivars of Plantago ovata Forsk. (medicinal plant) have been developed by different agricultural universities in India. Genetic variability of these cultivars was estimated using RAPD markers. The data were correlated to morphological characters and a dendrogram was obtained from Jaccard's coefficient. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

TAIL-PCR的改良及其在分离小麦基因启动子中的应用

在经典TAIL-PCR(Thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR)的基础上, 对其进行了如下四处改进: 用10个碱基的RAPD引物代替16个碱基的随机兼并引物作为PCR中的随机引物; 将较低特异性循环的复性温度由44°C降至29°C; 增加5个高特异性反应循环, 减少5个较低特异性反应循环; 用单引物对第三轮PCR产物进行初步鉴定。利用改进的TAIL-PCR方法分离了小麦X基因的5′未知的侧翼序列, 与GUS基因融合后转入拟南芥, 通过组织化学检测分析表明分离到的5′侧翼序列具有启动子功能, 同时说明改进的TAIL-PCR能更好地应用到较复杂基因启动子的分离。     

TAIL-PCR的改良及其在分离小麦基因启动子中的应用

在经典TAIL-PCR(Thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR)的基础上, 对其进行了如下四处改进: 用10个碱基的RAPD引物代替16个碱基的随机兼并引物作为PCR中的随机引物; 将较低特异性循环的复性温度由44°C降至29°C; 增加5个高特异性反应循环, 减少5个较低特异性反应循环; 用单引物对第三轮PCR产物进行初步鉴定。利用改进的TAIL-PCR方法分离了小麦X基因的5′未知的侧翼序列, 与GUS基因融合后转入拟南芥, 通过组织化学检测分析表明分离到的5′侧翼序列具有启动子功能, 同时说明改进的TAIL-PCR能更好地应用到较复杂基因启动子的分离。     

Variation of Intergeneric Somatic Hybrids Between Citrus sinensis cv. Valencia and Fortunella crassifolia cv. Meiwa

Intergeneric somatic hybrid plants derived from protoplast fusion between Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Valencia and Fortunella crassifolia Swingle cv. Meiwa have been grown in the fields for 6 years. The plants grew less vigorously with uneven canopy size and some shoots frequently died. Chromosome count showed that the plants, containing non-tetraploid cells besides amphidiploid, were chimeras. Most somatic hybrid plants exhibited a new band of EST isozyme. RAPD analysis verified that several plants lacked some of the parents' markers. The results indicated that the intergeneric somatic hybrids were genetically unstable.     

柑橘与黄皮属间体细胞杂种植株的异常倍性变异

黄皮属（Ｃｌａｕｓｅｎａ）是芸香科柑橘亚科黄皮族植物,有３０余个种,其中１１个种原产于中国。黄皮在我国广东、广西、福建等省区有大面积商业栽培,其中鸡心黄皮是最著名的品种［１］。本研究以柑橘属优良脐橙品种“朋娜”为胚性愈伤组织亲本,以黄皮属品种鸡心黄皮...     

Optimization of Electrofusion Parameters and Interspecific Somatic Hybrid Regeneration in Citrus

This study was primarily attempted to optimize the electrofusion parameters using protoplasts isolated from cell suspension cultures of "Page" tangelo ( Citrus reticulata Blanco x C. paradisi Macf) and mesophyll protoplasts of rough lemon ( Citrus jambhiri Lush) as fusion partners. It was shown that the binuclear heterokaryons frequency reached 15% with the following parameters: alternate current (AC) 125 V/cm, AC time 60 s, direct current (DC) 1 250 V/cm, DC pulse width 50 μs, DC pulse interval O. 5 s, No. of DC pulse 3. Considering the fact that different types of protoplasts have different specific weights, higher frequency of the binuclear heterokaryons was obtained by controlling the centrifugation time after fusion. The fusion products regenerated into plantlets after 3 to 4 months of culture. Chromosome counting of the root tips and morphological observation of the regenerants verified that 78% were tetraploids and the rest were diploids with the leaf morphology of mesophyll parent. Peroxidase (POX) isozyme and RAPD analysis indicated that interspecific somatic hybrids were obtained and an autotetraploid plant of mesophyll parent type was also verified.