家兔精子膜蛋白rSP1O在大肠杆菌中的高效表达及其抗血清的制备

为研究家兔精子膜蛋白rSP10在精子膜上的定位及其免疫原性,将不含编码信号肽序列的rsp10基因插入表达载体pET30a中,N端具有His6肽的融合蛋白re-rSP10得到高效表达,表达产物达细菌总蛋白的67%.经DEAE柱层析纯化表达产物,re-rSP10,产量约为50mg/mL培养物.Westem实验结果表明,精子膜蛋白多克隆抗体能识别re-rsp10,说明大肠杆菌表达的re-rSP10具有免疫原性.用纯化的re-rSP10免疫雌性兔,得到re-rSP10专一性多克隆抗血清.将re-rSP10专一性多克隆抗血清加入获能精子中,发现SP10专一性多克隆抗血清严重影响获能精子的运动并且表现为剂量依赖性,但获能精子凝集现象并不明显.     

一种与受精有关的人精子膜蛋白（BS－17）的分离纯化

本文用盐分级分离,ＭｏｎｏＱＦＰＬＣ及ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ）等方法从人精子ＣＨＡＰＳ抽提液中分离纯化出一种与不育病人血清中抗精子抗体发生特异反应的ＢＳ－１７人精子膜蛋白。该蛋白为一糖蛋白,分子量为１７．５５±２．１５ｋＤ,等电点为５．６５,中性己糖含量为１６．６７％。在人精子上主要分布于顶体区域,不同于已有报导的人精子膜蛋白。在体外实验中抗ＢＳ－１７多克隆血清可以显著影响人精子的获能（ｐ＜０．０２５）和对去透明带仓鼠卵的穿透（ｐ＜０．００５）,但不影响人精子运动性及与去透明酯酸带仓鼠卵的结合。小鼠体内被动免疫实验结果证明抗ＢＳ－１７多抗血清具有明显地抑制受精的功能（ｐ＜０．００１）。     

青杄FKBP12基因原核表达和多克隆抗体的制备

目的:制备青杄FKBP12基因的多克隆抗体,为进一步分析FKBP12的蛋白定位、表达等提供基础。方法:采用PCR方法扩增FKBP12基因得到其全长cDNA序列,并将其克隆至原核表达载体pET-48b中,转化入BL21菌株。经IPTG诱导,表达了分子量约为33kD的重组蛋白,SDS-PAGE和Western blotting检测鉴定表达产物。此蛋白经亲和纯化后,作为抗原注射新西兰兔,进行抗体制备。结果:成功获取了多克隆抗体,制备的FKBP12兔抗血清效价在1∶729 000以上,ELISA结果表明融合蛋白具良好的免疫原性。间接ELISA法检测纯化后抗体效价,表明纯化后抗FKBP蛋白兔多克隆抗体效价高,检测灵敏度为16ng/mL。结论:所制备的抗体能满足后续试验要求的效价值,为进一步研究提供基础。     

禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒p30-gp90串联表达蛋白及其免疫原性

摘要:【目的】研究禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒(Reticuloendotheliosis Virus,REV)群特异性抗原P30与囊膜糖蛋白gp90体外共表达蛋白的免疫原性,为研发新型REV 抗体诊断试剂盒提供基础。【方法】根据REV脾脏坏死病毒(spleen necrosis virus,SNV)株的前病毒基因组cDNA序列,设计合成2对引物,以pPB101质粒为模板,分别扩增REV p30基因和gp90基因片段。将PCR产物依次克隆入表达载体pET-28a(+)中,通过酶切鉴定和测序分析,筛选阳性重组克隆pET-p30-gp90。重组菌经异丙基硫代D-半乳糖苷( IPTG)诱导后,通过SDS-PAGE电泳分析表达情况,Western blot检测表达蛋白与特异性血清之间的反应性。制备表达蛋白的抗血清,以该抗血清与REV感染的鸡胚成纤维细胞( CEF)进行间接免疫荧光实验(IFA),验证表达蛋白的免疫原性。【结果】经SDS-PAGE电泳后能观察到预期大小的表达条带,Western blot结果显示,重组蛋白能与REV抗血清反应。将表达产物纯化后免疫Balb/c小鼠,制备p30-gp90抗血清,该抗血清与REV感染CEF在IFA中呈现特异性荧光反应。【结论】体外串联表达REV p30-gp90蛋白,表达蛋白具有良好的免疫原性。     

禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒p30-gp90串联表达蛋白及其免疫原性

【目的】研究禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒(Reticuloendotheliosis Virus,REV)群特异性抗原P30与囊膜糖蛋白gp90体外共表达蛋白的免疫原性,为研发新型REV抗体诊断试剂盒提供基础。【方法】根据REV脾脏坏死病毒(spleen necrosis virus,SNV)株的前病毒基因组cDNA序列,设计合成2对引物,以pPB101质粒为模板,分别扩增REV p30基因和gp90基因片段。将PCR产物依次克隆入表达载体pET-28a(+)中,通过酶切鉴定和测序分析,筛选阳性重组克隆pET-p30-gp90。重组菌经异丙基硫代D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导后,通过SDS-PAGE电泳分析表达情况,Western blot检测表达蛋白与特异性血清之间的反应性。制备表达蛋白的抗血清,以该抗血清与REV感染的鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)进行间接免疫荧光实验(IFA),验证表达蛋白的免疫原性。【结果】经SDS-PAGE电泳后能观察到预期大小的表达条带,Western blot结果显示,重组蛋白能与REV抗血清反应。将表达产物纯化后免疫Balb/c小鼠,制备p30-gp90抗血清,该抗血清与REV感染CEF在IFA中呈现特异性荧光反应。【结论】体外串联表达REV p30-gp90蛋白,表达蛋白具有良好的免疫原性。     

水稻条纹病毒RNA聚合酶在昆虫细胞中的表达

[目的]利用杆状病毒表达系统在昆虫细胞中表达水稻条纹病毒(Rice stripe virus,RSV)RNA聚合酶(RdRp)基因。[方法]RT-PCR扩增RdRp基因功能区片段,克隆于转移载体p Fast Bac HTb上,转化到大肠杆菌DH10Bac中,得到重组杆状病毒表达载体Bacmid-rp。提取Bacmid-rp DNA,转染Sf9细胞获得重组病毒v Ac-rp。将重组病毒v Ac-rp感染Sf9细胞使目的蛋白在细胞内表达,并利用亲和层析纯化,SDS-PAGE检测RdRp的表达情况。将纯化的RdRp蛋白免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体,Western blot分析RdRp的免疫原性。[结果]RSV RdRp基因功能区能够在Sf9细胞中表达,蛋白分子量约为45k Da,与预测大小一致,且可与RdRp抗血清发生特异性反应。[结论]在真核细胞中成功表达了RSV RdRp,并得到了纯化的RdRp和其多克隆抗体。     

铜绿假单胞菌黏附素蛋白的表达、纯化及多克隆抗体制备

[目的]克隆铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)黏附素(adhesin)基因,表达纯化黏附素蛋白和获得多克隆抗体。[方法]设计特异性PCR引物,以铜绿假单胞菌DNA为模板,PCR法扩增铜绿假单胞菌黏附素基因,并将其进行双酶切后连接到表达载体pET28a,将重组质粒pET28a-adhesin转入大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导目的蛋白表达,然后通过亲和层析进行纯化。再利用各种生物信息学软件分析该蛋白的生物学特性。将adhesin蛋白免疫小鼠,并获得了高浓度的多克隆抗体。[结果]显示成功得到了重组质粒pET28a-adhesin,并通过亲和层析得到重组adhesin蛋白。Adhesin的α-螺旋含量为46.37%,无规卷曲的含量为35.96%,β片层的含量为17.67%。模拟得到了adhesin蛋白的三级结构。该蛋白是一个跨膜蛋白,具有两个跨膜区。Adhesin蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,获得的抗血清效价高于1:5120。[结论]纯化得到了重组adhesin及其抗血清,为研究该蛋白的功能提供了实验基础。     

鼠透明带3(ZP3)融合蛋白表达以及抗血清制备

鼠透明带3（mZP3)作为精子的初级受体,是鼠透明带中的一种主要糖蛋白,抗鼠透明带3抗体能够阻断精卵的结合,达到不育的效果,因此mZP3是免疫避孕研究的重要候选抗原。从小鼠卵巢中提取总RNA,分离mRNA,反转录获得cDNA,将cDNA连接到测序载体pUCm-T质粒上,通过序列测定和分析得到正确的mZP3 cDNA。经内切酶EcoR I和XhoI处理,将mZP3 cDNA克隆至融合蛋白表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,在T4 DNA连接酶的作用下构建融合表达载体pGEX-mZP3,转化大肠杆菌BL－21菌株,利用IPTG诱导后获得可溶性的蛋白质产物,经过SDS－PAGE鉴定,表达的融合蛋白GST－mZP3分子质量约为72kD左右,纯化的融合蛋白免疫兔子,获得效价为1：1000的抗血清,Western blot检测抗血清具有针对mZP3融合蛋白的专一性,为进一步开展mZP3的免疫功能检测的研究奠定 了基础。     

奶牛Y精子膜蛋白的提取与分析

本实验旨在对奶牛Y精子膜蛋白的提取与SDS-PAGE分析,是分离纯化奶牛Y精子特异膜蛋白基础与关键。本实验采用超声波破碎法将精子膜与精子分离,分离后的精子膜粗品采用蔗糖密度梯度离心法进行纯化。纯化的精子膜经膜蛋白提取液(去污剂)提取,透析浓缩。经SDS-PAGE银盐染色,结果表明该方法成功地提取到膜蛋白,得到膜蛋白电泳图谱。BIO-RAD分析得知Y精子膜蛋白种类至少有10种,分子量范围为7.94kD～166.65kD,其中尤以15kD的蛋白含量最多。奶牛Y精子膜蛋白的提取与鉴定为深入研究Y精子特异膜蛋白在受精过程中的作用,从而获得一种更经济、更安全、更有效的奶牛性别控制方法提供了实验依据。     

DC-SIGN胞外区基因的克隆、蛋白表达及抗体制备

旨在构建DC-SIGN胞外区基因原核表达质粒,诱导蛋白表达并制备多克隆抗体。用PCR的方法扩增编码DC-SIGN胞外区的基因序列,将其克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,利用大肠杆菌表达系统表达DC-SIGN胞外区蛋白,用H is抗体做W estern Blotting鉴定目的蛋白的免疫原性。用纯化的DC-SIGN胞外区蛋白免疫日本大耳白兔,制备多克隆抗体。通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测抗体效价,免疫荧光法检测其特异性。结果显示,原核表达载体pET-28 a(+)-DC-SIGN胞外区基因成功构建,可在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中高效表达,获得相对分子质量约20 kD的DC-SIGN胞外区蛋白,经Westernb lotting鉴定为正确。纯化后的蛋白免疫大耳白兔,制备的多克隆抗体具有较强免疫原性和特异性。本研究得到了纯化的DC-SIGN胞外区蛋白,并制备了具有特异性和高效价的抗体,为研究DC-SIGN生物学功能提供试验基础。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Time of detection of recessive genes: effects of system of mating and number of examined individuals

Summary Anthers were cultured from two sets of seven lines of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nucleus donors, Siete Cerros 66 and Penjamo 62, as well as their six alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera Triticum and Aegilops. Significant cytoplasmic and nuclear effects but no cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction were found for embryogenic anther response, with the best performance of Penjamo 62 in Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm. Plant regeneration was not affected significantly by the cytoplasmic background of the lines cultured. The possible genetic implications of the observed cytoplasmic and nuclear influences on the in vitro haploid induction of wheat are discussed.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.