宁夏回、汉族拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂及惯用手的研究

调查了宁夏回、汉族拇指类型,环食指长、扣手,交叉臂及惯用手等5项人类遗传学经典指标,结果显示：（1）2民族间环食指长百分率有极的差异（P＜0．01）,拇指类型,扣手,交叉臂及惯用手百分率无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,（2）拇指类型,扣手,交叉臂及惯用手百分率无性别间差异,男性环指长百分率高于女性,差异显著（P＜0．05）。（3）惯用手与扣手,交叉臂之间存在明显的相互关系,交叉臂与扣手之间无关。     

内蒙古西部地区蒙古族、汉族4项人类群体遗传学特征的研究

从1998~2001年调查了内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市、锡林郭勒盟、巴彦淖尔盟的蒙古族、汉族6个群体的拇指类型、环食指长、指甲类型、足趾长等4项人类群体遗传学指标,共获有效资料2760例。研究表明：（1）6个群体的直型拇指出现率均在60％以上,且均无性别间明显差异;（2）6个群体环指长率均远高于食指长率,有4个群体存在性别间显著差异;（3）各群体均表现出长型指甲最多、方型次之、扁型最少;（4）6个群体均多为拇趾长型,且各群体均无性别间显著差异;（5）4项指标之间无明显相关关系。 Abstract:From 1998 to 2001,a sample of 2760 Mongol and Han individuals was investigated in 3 areas (Eerduosi city,Xilinguole and Bayannaoer leagues) from Inner Mongolia.Each individual was studied on 4 genetic characters (thumb type,palmar digital formular,fingernail type and plantar digital formular).The result is as follows:(1) The frequencies of the straight thumb were over 60%,and there were no significant sexual differences in all of 6 groups.(2) The frequencies of the ring-finger-longer were much higher in 6 groups,and there were significant sexual differences in 4 groups.(3) The frequencies of the long-shaped fingernail were the highest in all groups,the squat-shaped were the lowest.(4) The big toes were longer than the second toes in most people of 6 groups,but without significant sexual differences in each groups.(5) There were no significant correlations between 4 characters.     

蒙古国喀尔喀部蒙古族4项群体指趾遗传学特征研究

在内蒙古民族大学调查了160例(男66例,女94例)来自蒙古国的喀尔喀蒙古族留学生的拇指类型、环食指长、指甲形状、足趾长4项群体指趾遗传学特征。研究结果:1)直型拇指率为44.38%,环指长率78.13%,指甲形状长型率58.75%、方型率6.88%、扁型率34.38%,足趾类型拇趾长率35.00%;2)指甲形状出现率性别间差异具统计学意义,两两特征间均未表现出明显相关关系;3)与我国10个蒙古族族群相比,多数差异具有统计学意义。     

汉、回、蒙古族拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂及惯用手的研究

作者于1996年在内蒙古调查了汉、回、蒙古族5项人类遗传学经典指标(拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂、惯用手)。研究结果显示:(1)3个民族间拇指类型、扣手出现率存在显著性差异,交叉臂、惯用手出现率则无显著性差异,环食指长出现率蒙-汉、蒙-回间存在显著性差异;(2)拇指类型、扣手、惯用手出现率无性别间差异,环食指长出现率男女间存在显著性差异;(3)惯用手与扣手、惯用手与交叉臂间存在明显的相互关系,交叉臂与扣手之间则无关;(4)与国外人群比较,3个民族环指长出现率高,交叉臂R型出现率较高,扣手R型出现率较低,惯用手L型出现率高于印度的一些群体。 Abstract:Authors in vestigated 5 general indexes of anthrotogical genetics including pollical type,palmar digital formula,hand clasping,arm folding and handedness in Han,Hui and Mongol nationalities in 1996.The results showed as follows:(1)There were significant differences in the frequency of pollical type and hand clasping in 3 nationalities,but those of arm folding and handedness showed nosignificant difference and the frequencies of palmar digital formula between the Mongol and the Hui revealed significant difference.(2)There were no significant sexual difference in the frequency of pollical type,hand clasping and handedness while the long type (R) of ring finger revealed significant sexual difference.(3)There were obvious correlations between handedness and hand clasping,handedness and arm folding but no relation between arm folding and hand clasping.(4)In comparison with foreign ethnic groups,the 3 nationalities showed higher frequencies of long type (R) of ring finger and right-arm folding but the frequence right-hand clasping revealed slightly lower.The findings showed higher frequence of Left-Handedness than that of Indian population.     

汉、回、蒙古族拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂及惯用手的研究

作者于1996年在内蒙古调查了汉、回、蒙古族5项人类遗传学经典指标(拇指类型、环食指长、扣手、交叉臂、惯用手)。研究结果显示:(1)3个民族间拇指类型、扣手出现率存在显著性差异,交叉臂、惯用手出现率则无显著性差异,环食指长出现率蒙-汉、蒙-回间存在显著性差异;(2)拇指类型、扣手、惯用手出现率无性别间差异,环食指长出现率男女间存在显著性差异;(3)惯用手与扣手、惯用手与交叉臂间存在明显的相互关系,交叉臂与扣手之间则无关;(4)与国外人群比较,3个民族环指长出现率高,交叉臂R型出现率较高,扣手R型出现率较低,惯用手L型出现率高于印度的一些群体。 Abstract:Authors in vestigated 5 general indexes of anthrotogical genetics including pollical type,palmar digital formula,hand clasping,arm folding and handedness in Han,Hui and Mongol nationalities in 1996.The results showed as follows:(1)There were significant differences in the frequency of pollical type and hand clasping in 3 nationalities,but those of arm folding and handedness showed nosignificant difference and the frequencies of palmar digital formula between the Mongol and the Hui revealed significant difference.(2)There were no significant sexual difference in the frequency of pollical type,hand clasping and handedness while the long type (R) of ring finger revealed significant sexual difference.(3)There were obvious correlations between handedness and hand clasping,handedness and arm folding but no relation between arm folding and hand clasping.(4)In comparison with foreign ethnic groups,the 3 nationalities showed higher frequencies of long type (R) of ring finger and right-arm folding but the frequence right-hand clasping revealed slightly lower.The findings showed higher frequence of Left-Handedness than that of Indian population.     

海南黎、苗、汉族扣手、交叉臂和惯用手的研究

调查了海南居住较为集中的黎、苗、汉族(共3 207人)扣手、交叉臂、惯用手等人类左右不对称行为特征。结果显示：(1)扣手、交手臂、惯用手三型3个民族的出现率均为R>L型,惯用手的R型出现率远较其他两型高,呈高度显著性差异,(P<0.01)。(2)扣手、交叉臂出现率与性别无关。(3)惯用手R型出现率苗族女性明显高于男性,差异显著(P<0.05)。三民族总和出现率为89.06％,是国内外属最低的。(4)扣手与交叉臂、扣手与惯用手,交叉臂与惯用手之间均具有相当明显的相关性。 Abstract：It was investigated that three types of many general indexes of anthrotogical genetics,which include hand-clasping、arm-folding and handedness,just among Li,Miao and Han nationalities in Hainan.There were 3207 people investigated in total.The results showed as follows:(1)The frequency of hand?clasping,arm-folding and handedness is far higher than others(P<0.01).(2) It was proved that there was no signilicant difference between male and female in the frequency of either hand-clasping or arm-floding.(3)It was obvious that the frequency of type R handedness in female of Miao nationality was higher than in male.And the difference was much clear(P<0.05).The total frequency of handedness was about 89.06 percent,which was the lowest rate as far as we known.(4)There was correlation among handedness and hand?clasping,handedness and arm-folding andhand-clasping and arm-folding respectively.     

内蒙古汉、回、蒙古族扣手、交叉臂及惯用手的分析

利用对数线性模型分析了郑连斌、陆舜华等1996年在内蒙古调查的汉、回、蒙古族的3项人类遗传学指标（扣手、交叉臂、惯用手）,得出与其既有相同又有不同的结论。结果显示：（1）扣手与民族、性别都无关;（2）交叉臂与民族不相关,与性别相关;（3）惯用手、民族、性别三者存在三因子效应;（4）惯用手与扣手、惯用手与交叉臂分别存在相关性,而交叉臂与扣手之间相关性不显著。     

汉族湘语族群的7项不对称行为特征

在湖南省娄底地区调查了汉族湘语族群507例(男269例、女238例)高中学生的7项不对称行为特征(扣手、利手、叠臂、叠腿、利足、起步类型和优势眼)。研究结果显示:1)湘语族群叠臂与起步类型L型率高于R型率, 其余5项均R型率高于L型率。2)湘语族群利手、叠臂、利足出现率存在性别间差异, 其余4项出现率均不存在性别间差异。3)在已发表的资料中, 湘语族群扣手和起步类型右型率中等偏高, 利手右型率处于中等水平, 叠臂和叠腿右型率低,利足和优势眼右型率高。4)主成分分析结果显示, 汉族各族群不对称行为特征有一定的共性, 相对接近于中国北亚类型族群, 而与南亚类型族群差距较大。中国族群间不对称行为特征的差异, 主要反映在叠臂率差异、利足率差异。     

河南汉族7项不对称行为特征的研究

对南阳市祖籍河南汉族400例正常人7项不对称行为进行调查.结果:1)河南汉族扣手、利手、叠臂、叠腿、利足、起步类型和优势眼的右型率分别为:71.25％、93.00％、43.50％、82.00％、91.25％、62.25％、63.25％.除叠腿外其他6种不对称行为的出现率男女性别间均无统计学差异;2)与国内其他族群比较,河南汉族扣手、叠腿、起步类型右型率处于较高水平,利手、利足、优势眼右型率处于中等水平,叠臂右型率处于中等偏下水平;3)利手、利足、扣手两两性状间,利手与叠腿、利足与优势眼性状间具有相关性,右型-右型率显著高于左型-左型率.     

四川彝族成人手长、手宽和指长推断身高及性别判别的研究

本文通过对460例(男354, 女106) 20—50岁中国四川凉山彝族健康成年人右利手手长、手宽、五指长度及确切身高的测量, 研究了四川彝族成人手长、手宽、指长推断身高和性别判别的方法。建立了推断身高的22个回归方程和2个性别判别函数, 其中手长推断身高和手长、手宽判别性别的效果较好。     

中国湖北地区汉族家系补体第四成分（C4）单倍型的检测

用我室仿国际标准C4定型程序改进后建立的方法及羧肽酶B处理后C4分型方法对湖北地区93个无血缘关系的汉族家系进行C4单倍型的检测,对310个C4单倍型分析可见,我国汉族以A3B1频率最高(0.4194),A3B2次之(0.1161),A2B1与A4B2均为0.0903。以下依次是AQOB1(0.0645)、A3BQO(0.0548)、AQOBQO(0.0322)、A2B2(0.0256)、A4B1(0.0161)、A2B92(0.0129)等。从连锁不平衡参数(Δ)的卡方数值可见,A4B2、AQOBQO及A2B92具有极显著意义的阳性△值;而A4B1与AQOB2则具有极显著意义的阴性△值。将我们的结果与日本人、美国及德国白人,南非黑人的资料进行了对比,并进行了一些讨论。     

皖南汉族的趾纹研究

本文对皖南地区520例汉族大学生的趾纹进行了调查分析,计算出了各型趾纹频率、趾纹组合、趾嵴纹计数等项参数。比较了不同性别、不同侧别和不同人种间的差异,分析了趾纹类型和趾嵴纹计数在各趾的分布特点,并对差异的原因进行了讨论。Abstract: The authors inverstigated and analysed the toe prints of 520 cases of good healthy students in Wannan area of Aahui, and calculated the frequency of various toe patterns, combinations of toe patterns, toe ridge counts (TRC) and so on. The differences between sexes, sides and reces were compared. The distributive character of toe patterns and toe ridge count on every toe were analysed. The different cause were discussed.     

冀南地区汉族人群皮纹分析

本文研究了冀南地区健康汉族医学生1020例(男性510人, 女性510人)的皮纹, 探讨了冀南地区正常汉族群体皮纹特点。结果发现: 冀南地区群体指纹频率顺序: 尺箕纹>斗形纹>弓形纹>桡箕纹; 十指指纹类型分布有显著差异; 两性斗形纹分布有显著差异; 两手弓形纹分布有差异但不显著; 指纹纹型分布有极高对称性; 同名指指纹组合频率排序为L/L>W/W>L/W>A/L>A/A>A/W; 五指的FRC有显著差别、两性的TFRC有差异, 但不显著; 两性T/I、III、IV的真实花样出现率有差异。因此, 本文认为指纹分布具有同型组合极高亲和性、异型组合不相容性; 皮纹发育形成主要受遗传因素控制, 也受性别影响; 冀南地区人群可能与山东省、辽宁省同属中国汉族北方群同一亚群。     

小尾寒羊五个微卫星基因座遗传多态性研究

小尾寒羊是我国优良的地方绵羊品种,具有极高的繁殖力,平均每胎产羔2．6只。利用与绵羊高繁殖力主效基因Fec^B和FecX^1连锁的5个微卫星标记（OarAE101,BM1329,BMS2508,TGLA54t TGLA68)对244小尾寒羊母羊进行了遗传检测。用非变性（中性）聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测同卫星的PCR扩增产物,计算了5个同卫星基因座的等位基因频率,多态信息含量,基因纯合度和杂合度。在小尾寒羊中检测到BM1329有6个等位基因,片段大小为160－180bp,164bp等位基因频率最高（0．6320）;检测到OarAE101有9个等位基因,片段大小为97－135bp,97bp等位基因频率最高（0．7930）;检测到TGLA54有5个等位基因,片段大小为116－136bp,134bp等位基因频率最高（0．8500）;检测到TGLA68有2个等位基因,片段大小为98－100bp,2个等位基因频率相近,检测到BMS2508有6个等位基因,片段大小为93－115bp,99bp等位基因频率最高（0．4795）。BM1329,OarAE101,TGLA54,TGLA68,BMS2508的多态信息含量／基因纯合度／杂合度分别为0．4481／0．4840．0．5160,0．3516／0．6375／0．3625,0．2528／0．7326／0．2674,0．3733／0．5034／0．4966,0．5809／0．3581／0．6419。可见BMS2508的遗传变异最大,TGLA54的遗传变异最小。这些结果可为小尾寒羊种质特性研究提供分子基础数据。     

汉族左利人群的指纹研究

对111名长治市的汉族左利手者的指纹进行了分析研究, 并与138名右利手者组成的对照组进行了对比分析, 发现左利手组的双箕斗纹（Wd）显著高于对照组(P<0.005)。 Abstract　To study the distribution difference of fingerprint patterns between left-handed and normal populations of Han nationality in Changzhi area, We investigated the frequencies of fingerprint pattern combinations in one or two hands. Comparing the normal population (80 men and 58 women), the left-handed population (58 men and 53 women) posessed higher Wdrate (P<0.005).     

汉族左利人群的指纹研究

对111名长治市的汉族左利手者的指纹进行了分析研究, 并与138名右利手者组成的对照组进行了对比分析, 发现左利手组的双箕斗纹(Wd)显著高于对照组(P<0.005).     

安徽汉族免疫性不育症与HLA-DQA1基因的相关性研究

目的:探讨抗精子抗体阳性的免疫性不育症患者与HLA-DQA1基因的相关性。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP)技术,对50例抗精子抗体阳性的免疫性不育症患者和60例正常健康者的HLA-DQA1基因进行分型研究。结果:2组均未发现DQA1I0104和DQA1I0302两种基因型。免疫性不育症组DQA1I0401等位基因频率明显高于正常对照组(RR=5.5,P<0.05)。结论:DQA1I0401可能是安徽汉族免疫性不育症的易感基因。     

北京地区汉族人群21号染色体上5个STR基因座的遗传多态性

阐明21号染色体上唐氏综合征关键区域内或附近的5个STR基因座（D21S1413、D21S1446、D21S1437、D21S1411、D21S1412）在北京地区汉族人群中的结构特征和群体遗传学数据。Chelex法提取血DNA,PCR扩增后,应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和银染法或基因片段扫描检测法进行STR分型,测序后确定STR基因座的主型和进行等位基因的命名。结果该5个STR基因座具有简单重复序列和遗传多态性,杂合度和多态信息含量高。它为唐氏综合征的基因诊断和产前基因诊断提供理论依据,也为这些遗传标记在我国人群中进行亲子鉴定和个体识别提供概率计算依据。Abstract: To elucidate the genetic polymorphisms of five STR loci on chromosome 21 in Chinese Han population and construct a preliminary database,EDTA-blood specimens were collected from unrelated individuals in Beijing. The DNAs were extracted with Chelex method and were amplified by PCR. The PCR products were analyzed by the PAG electrophoresis or by the approach of the automated fluorescent detection. The five STR loci consist of simple repeat motif and its distributions of genotypes are agreement with Hardy–Weinberg equation. Its polymorphism information content is all over 0.50. The obtained data can not only be used as evidences for genetic diagnosis of Down Syndrome, but also for calculating the probabilities in the paternity test and individual identification.     

中国汉族群体5个STR分子遗传标记

为了解中国人5个STR基因座等位片段结构特征,获得汉族群体D2S2955、D3S4014、D20S604、D22S689和GATA198B05基因座的群体遗传学数据。采取成都地区无血缘关系汉族个体血样EDTA抗凝血。Chelex法提取DNA,PCR扩增,非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶不连续缓冲系统水平电泳分型,自动激光荧光测序仪测定DNA序列。序列分析显示,中国人D2S2955、D3S4014、D20S604基因座具有简单重复序列,而D22S689、GATA198B05基因座具有复杂重复序列。5个STR基因座在成都汉族群体中均具有遗传多态性。揭示了我国汉族人群5个STR基因座的等位基因片段结构特征,为人类群体遗传研究提供了数据,建立的不连续缓冲系统水平电泳分型方法为检测这5个STR基因座提供了简便技术。     

神农架地区濒危植物香果树的遗传多样性研究

用RAPD标记方法对神农架地区香果树4个自然居群的28个个体进行了遗传多样性分析,11个引物共得到71个扩增位点,其中多态性位点39个。POPGENE分析显示:在物种水平上,神农架地区香果树的多态性条带百分率为54.93%,Nei基因多样性指数(h)为0.1903,Shannon信息指数(I)为0.2856;而在居群水平上,上述3个指标平均值依次为16.2%、0.0578和0.0865。4个自然居群间的遗传分化程度较低,居群间的基因流(Nm)为0.2329。结果表明神农架地区香果树的遗传多样性较低,居群间基因流较低可能是香果树的致濒原因之一。