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The role of genetically modified (GM) crops for food security is the subject of public controversy. GM crops could contribute to food production increases and higher food availability. There may also be impacts on food quality and nutrient composition. Finally, growing GM crops may influence farmers’ income and thus their economic access to food. Smallholder farmers make up a large proportion of the undernourished people worldwide. Our study focuses on this latter aspect and provides the first ex post analysis of food security impacts of GM crops at the micro level. We use comprehensive panel data collected over several years from farm households in India, where insect-resistant GM cotton has been widely adopted. Controlling for other factors, the adoption of GM cotton has significantly improved calorie consumption and dietary quality, resulting from increased family incomes. This technology has reduced food insecurity by 15–20% among cotton-producing households. GM crops alone will not solve the hunger problem, but they can be an important component in a broader food security strategy. 相似文献
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朱巧燕 《中国生物工程杂志》2016,36(11):122-130
以转基因大米品尝会为例,通过问卷调查、访谈法、观察法研究由公众主动发起的科学传播活动及其参与者。描述了该类活动的发起和组织过程,发现参与者是一群热爱科学、认同科学价值并愿意传播科学的人,他们的行动对自己、对亲友、对社会都产生了一定的影响。转基因大米品尝会以及类似的活动是转型期中国情境下的公众参与科学实践。 相似文献
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The increasing prevalence of social networks provides researchers greater opportunities to evaluate and assess changes in public opinion and public sentiment towards issues of social consequence. Using trend and sentiment analysis is one method whereby researchers can identify changes in public perception that can be used to enhance the development of a social consciousness towards a specific public interest. The following study assessed Relative search volume (RSV) patterns for global warming (GW) and Climate change (CC) to determine public knowledge and awareness of these terms. In conjunction with this, the researchers looked at the sentiment connected to these terms in social media networks. It was found that there was a relationship between the awareness of the information and the amount of publicity generated around the terminology. Furthermore, the primary driver for the increase in awareness was an increase in publicity in either a positive or a negative light. Sentiment analysis further confirmed that the primary emotive connections to the words were derived from the original context in which the word was framed. Thus having awareness or knowledge of a topic is strongly related to its public exposure in the media, and the emotional context of this relationship is dependent on the context in which the relationship was originally established. This has value in fields like conservation, law enforcement, or other fields where the practice can and often does have two very strong emotive responses based on the context of the problems being examined. 相似文献
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全球转基因大豆专利信息分析与技术展望 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
转基因大豆作为目前转基因作物推广种植面积最广的作物,在保障人类油料与饲料供给上发挥着重要作用。基于智慧芽数据库(PatSnap)对欧盟、美国及中国等国家地区1985~2016年收录的全球转基因大豆技术领域专利文献进行统计分析,得出全球转基因大豆专利信息的总体发展趋势、研发热点及技术分布与格局,并对比分析了我国转基因大豆研发的竞争力,对未来转基因大豆的产业发展提出了展望。 相似文献
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转基因玉米是当前全球第二大转基因作物,在保障人类能源、饲料、工业等方面发挥着重要作用。基于智慧芽数据库(PatSnap)对欧盟、美国及中国等国家或地区收录的1985~2018年全球转基因玉米技术领域专利文献进行统计分析,得出全球转基因玉米专利技术发展的总体趋势、技术分布与格局及研发热点,并对比分析了国内外主要研发单位转基因玉米研发的竞争力,对未来转基因玉米的产业发展提出了展望。 相似文献
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国际转基因食品安全评价政策及启示 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
转基因技术作为现代生物技术的核心之一,在保障粮食安全、保护生态安全、拓展农业功能等方面发挥了重要作用,但同时,也带来了潜在的安全性问题。为此,世界上主要国家和国际组织都制定了与转基因生物安全管理相关的法律法规,加强管理。通过对国际食品法典委员会(Codex Alimentarius Commission, CAC)、经济合作与发展组织(Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD)的转基因食品安全评价体系与评价政策进行介绍分析,总结其现实积极作用及价值,指出其缺陷或不足,以期为健全我国转基因食品安全评价体系、完善监管措施,提供理论政策及法律规范方面的参考性建议。 相似文献
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自转基因技术研发和商业化生产以来,针对转基因作物的食用安全性和环境安全性问题一直是公众争论的焦点。面对全球粮食安全形势的严峻压力,如何使公众对转基因技术及其产品的客观性保持一种科学性的认识,是摆在各国(特别是发展中国家)政府和科学家面前不可忽视的课题。本文从食品和环境两个方面简要介绍了转基因作物的安全性问题,旨在还原转基因技术的科学真实性,并简要提出转基因作物的安全性对策。 相似文献
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转基因食品DNA提取研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了满足消费者对转基因食品的知情权,建立准确、快速、高效的转基因成分检测技术至关重要,而高质量DNA模板的获取,是转基因食品进行基因检测的前提.对近几年来国内外转基因食品DNA提取方法:十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide,CTAB)法、十二烷基硫酸钠(dode... 相似文献
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David J. Kaufman Juli Murphy-Bollinger Kathy L. Hudson 《American journal of human genetics》2009,85(5):643-840
Concerns about privacy may deter people from participating in genetic research. Recruitment and retention of biobank participants requires understanding the nature and magnitude of these concerns. Potential participants in a proposed biobank were asked about their willingness to participate, their privacy concerns, informed consent, and data sharing. A representative survey of 4659 U.S. adults was conducted. Ninety percent of respondents would be concerned about privacy, 56% would be concerned about researchers having their information, and 37% would worry that study data could be used against them. However, 60% would participate in the biobank if asked. Nearly half (48%) would prefer to provide consent once for all research approved by an oversight panel, whereas 42% would prefer to provide consent for each project separately. Although 92% would allow academic researchers to use study data, 80% and 75%, respectively, would grant access to government and industry researchers. Concern about privacy was related to lower willingness to participate only when respondents were told that they would receive $50 for participation and would not receive individual research results back. Among respondents who were told that they would receive $200 or individual research results, privacy concerns were not related to willingness. Survey respondents valued both privacy and participation in biomedical research. Despite pervasive privacy concerns, 60% would participate in a biobank. Assuring research participants that their privacy will be protected to the best of researchers'' abilities may increase participants'' acceptance of consent for broad research uses of biobank data by a wide range of researchers. 相似文献
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实时荧光定量PCR技术在转基因食品检测领域中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着基因工程技术在农业生产中应用的深入,越来越多具有改良特征的转基因植物在全球范围内得到广泛种植,随之而来的转基因食品也迅猛发展,转基因产品大规模商业化引起了对安全性问题的担忧。为保证转基因产品标签制度的顺利实施,建立快速、准确、高通量的定量检测方法十分必要。我们综述了国内外转基因食品检测技术的研究进展,重点阐述了实时荧光定量PCR技术在转基因食品检测领域中的应用,并展望了通过构建质粒标准分子的方法来实现对更多转基因植物品系的定量检测。 相似文献
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Heather Savigny 《Plant Species Biology》2007,22(1):1-8
In contemporary society public opinion is generally mediated by the mass media, which has come to encompass the Habermasian 'public sphere'. This arena is now characterised by the conflict between market and democratic principles, by competing interests of politicians and the media. The presentation of information for debate becomes distorted. The opinion of the 'public' is no longer created through deliberation, but is constructed through systems of communication, in conflict with political actors, who seek to retain control of the dissemination of information. The expansion of the internet as a new method of communication provides a potential challenge to the primacy of the traditional media and political parties as formers of public opinion. 相似文献