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1.
In the present report, nutritional requirement for the culture of two lichen species Ramalina nervulosa and Ramalina pacifica were studied in order to enhance their growth rate and antioxidant metabolite production. Extract of R. nervulosa cultured in Bold’s basal medium (BBM) showed higher antioxidant activity than R. pacifica cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The lichen species were sub-cultured in standardized nutrient media. R. nervulosa in BBM (1% glucose, 50 ppb asparagines, pH 6.5) yielded 2.76 g biomass with 26.18 mg sekikaic acid, 24.32 mg usnic acid/g
dry biomass in a period of 60 days. R. pacifica in MS media (3% sucrose, 100 ppb thiamine, pH 5.9) yielded 3.54 g biomass and 58.92 mg salazinic acid, 40.16 mg usnic acid
in the same time period. The standardized culture conditions implemented on bioreactor, R. nervulosa yielded 17.7 g biomass with the production of sekikaic acid 122.8 mg, usnic acid 75.4 mg in 4.5 days. R. pacifica produced 10.3 g biomass along with salazinic acid 200 mg and usnic acid 136.8 mg in the same duration. Lichen secondary metabolites
produced in bioreactor showed moderate antioxidant activity; sekikaic acid 42% to 56.4%; salazinic acid 33.6% to 41.9% and
usnic acid 19.9% to 29.5%. 相似文献
2.
Luna-Palencia GR Cerda-García-Rojas CM Rodríguez-Monroy M Ramos-Valdivia AC 《Biotechnology progress》2005,21(1):198-204
Growth and alkaloid production in Uncaria tomentosa cell suspension cultures were studied in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 10 microM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 10 microM kinetin, and 58 mM sucrose for maintenance and with 10 microM indole-3-acetic acid, 10 microM kinetin, and 58 mM sucrose for production. A U. tomentosa pale Uth-3 cell line, cultured in the production medium, showed a reduced lag phase and a specific growth rate (mu) of 0.27 day(-1), while cells growing in the maintenance medium showed mu = 0.20 day(-1). U. tomentosa cells growing in the production medium produced monoterpenoid oxindole alkaloids (MOA) in amounts of 10.2 +/- 1.6 microg g(-1) dry weight (DW). The chemical profile of MOA produced by in vitro cell cultures was similar to that found in the plant. After 10 subcultures, maximum MOA production decreased to 2.0 +/- 0.7 microg g(-1) DW, while tryptamine alkaloids (TA) were produced with a maximum of 6.2 +/- 0.4 microg g(-1) DW. The increase of initial sucrose concentration up to 145 mM in the production medium enhanced the cell biomass by 3.2-fold (from 10.2 +/- 0.1 to 32.8 +/- 1.1 g DW L(-1)), reduced mu from 0.27 to 0.23 day(-1), and provoked a substantial accumulation of TA (23.1 +/- 4.7 microg g(-1) DW). A high sucrose concentration stimulated MOA production in the maintenance medium (2.7 +/- 0.5 microg g(-1) DW), even in the presence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. 相似文献
3.
《Lichenologist (London, England)》1998,30(6):577-582
The quantitative response to two lichen metabolites, vulpinic acid and (+) usnic acid, on biomass production by the photobiontTrebouxia irregularis, isolated from the lichenCladina mitis, was determined experimentally. The presence of usnic acid resulted in inhibition of photobiont growth, and the effect depended on the pH of the culture medium. The concentration effect of usnic acid was observed. The application of vulpinic acid almost completely inhibited the growth ofT. irregularisand no significant differences were found among samples at different medium pH values. 相似文献
4.
Luo H Yamamoto Y Jeon HS Liu YP Jung JS Koh YJ Hur JS 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2011,49(1):66-70
The present study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of lichen-forming fungi (LFF) against Helicobacter pylori, and to optimize the culture conditions of LFF for maximum production of natural antibiotics against H. pylori. To accomplish this, a screening assay was first conducted among 19 species of LFF. The extract of Nephromopsis pallescens (KOLRI-040516) exhibited the strongest anti-ff. pylori activity. Bioautograghic TLC and HPLC analysis identified usnic acid as the main antibacterial substance produced by JV.
pallescens. The growth of JV. pallescens and production of antibacterial substances produced by the fungus were then investigated under several culture conditions
including the culture media, initial medium pHs, incubation temperatures, and the degree of aeration. The results indicated
that culture in MY medium with an initial pH of 6.0, a temperature of 15°C and a low degree of aeration supported the largest
usnic acid production of the fungus (16.4 ug usnic acid/g dry biomass). Especially, aeration was found to be an important
factor that affect both growth and usnic acid production of N. pallescens. 相似文献
5.
Protoplasts isolated from the mycobiont of a cultured lichen Usnea ghattensis were fused with protoplasts of the fungus Aspergillus nidulans in order to increase the growth rate of the cultured lichen mycobiont in vitro. The maximum protoplast yield (102 × 104/g fresh cell mass) was reached in citrate buffer with 50 mmol/L 2-sulfanylethanol (‘2-mercaptoethanol’) containing 0.1 %
Novozym after 1.5 h at pH 5 and ≤25 °C. The increase in the concentration of the above effectors or the addition of others
(e.g., MgSO4) as well as increase in time, shaking frequency, etc. caused the lower yield of protoplasts. The fused protoplasts were regenerated after transfer to malt extract-yeast extract
medium and produced, after a 45-d cultivation, a fresh cell mass of 0.232 g (from starting 0.3 g) along with the lichen substance
usnic acid. 相似文献
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8.
蔗糖和光对三裂叶野葛毛状根生长及次生物质产生的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
研究了蔗糖浓度和光对固体培养的三裂叶野葛毛状根生长及其总异黄酮和葛根素产生的影响。结果表明:在供试的分别添加1%、3%、5%、7%和9%蔗糖的MS固体培养基中,3%蔗糖能促进三裂叶野葛毛状根的生长及其异黄酮类化合物和葛根素的积累;培养20d后,其生物量达到0.48g(DW,干重)/瓶,总异黄酮和葛根素含量分别为25.44mg/g(DW)和11.64mg/g(DW)。与添加3%蔗糖的MS培养基培养的三裂叶野葛毛状根相比,含5%蔗糖的培养基培养的毛状根干重增殖倍数提高了7.0%,而含1%、7%和9%蔗糖的培养基培养的毛状根干重增殖倍数分别下降62.4%、42.8%和65.3%;其总异黄酮含量分别降低574%、13%和33.4%,葛根素含量分别下降47.9%、15.8%和35.1%,但其毛状根培养物的可溶性糖含量则分别增加了0.52、1.45和1.54倍。暗培养30d的毛状根的生物量达到0.83g(DW)/瓶,分别比蓝光和白光培养的毛状根提高37.1%和23.3%。在蓝光和白光下培养的部分毛状根的表面呈淡绿色;但白光处理的毛状根中总异黄酮含量比蓝光和暗培养处理的分别提高了14.7%和19.2%;蓝光抑制毛状根中葛根素含量的积累,白光和暗培养的毛状根培养物中的葛根素含量分别是蓝光处理的1.61倍和1.52倍。 相似文献
9.
The time courses of growth and rosmarinic acid production by Lavandula vera MM cell suspension were investigated. The uptake of the main nutrients (sucrose, nitrogen, phosphorus, K, Ca, Mg) was followed
during cultivation and the data on the physiology of the L. vera MM cell culture are presented. It was established that the cell culture synthesizes rosmarinic acid during the linear phase
of growth for a relatively short period (between the 4th and 8th days of cultivation). The influence of sucrose concentration
in the nutrient medium on cell growth and accumulation of rosmarinic acid by L. vera MM cell culture was investigated. The results showed that 7% sucrose in the nutrient medium ensured a steady growth of the
cell suspension and increased the yield of rosmarinic acid (29.2 g/l dry biomass and 507.5 mg/l rosmarinic acid compared to
13.0 g/l dry biomass and 68.6 mg/l rosmarinic acid for the control cultivation with 3% sucrose).
Received: 17 September 1996 / Received revision: 31 January 1997 / Accepted: 1 February 1997 相似文献
10.
条件培养液对红豆杉细胞Paclitaxel生产的促进作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在两步法红豆杉(Taxus chinensis)细胞悬浮培养体系的生产阶段,加入从生长阶段悬浮培养物中制得的条件培养液(conditioned Medium,CM)既能促进细胞的生长,又能提高紫杉醇(paclitaxel)的产率,解决了生产培养时,细胞生长受抑制的问题,特别是,取自生长12天的细胞悬浮培养物的CM按体积分数为25%添加到新鲜生产培养基中时,可使细胞紫杉醇最高产量达28.5mg/L,细胞干重达32.3g/L,分别是对照的2.4倍和2.2倍,对CM中的蔗糖,果糖,NO3-和PO4-3等的含量的进行了分析。 相似文献
11.
Petiole explants of centella plants (Centella asiatica L. Urban) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) solid medium containing 20 g/L sucrose, supplemented with 1.0 mg/L benzylaminopurine
and 1.0 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid for callus production. To establish a cell suspension culture, 2 g of fresh callus was
cultured in 50 mL of the same medium but without solid agent at a 100 rpm agitation speed. Every 2 g of culture was subcultured
in fresh MS liquid medium for maintenance. After 24 days of culture at a 120 rpm agitation speed, the centella cell biomass
reached a maximum of 9.03 g/50 mL on the same MS medium with 30 g/L sucrose and a 3 g inoculum size. A high performance liquid
chromatography analysis showed that asiaticoside content in 24-day old suspension cultured cells (45.35 mg/g dry weight) was
significantly higher (4.5 fold) than that of in planta leaves (10.55 mg/g dry weight). 相似文献
12.
Various inocula and grains were evaluated for carotenoid production by solid-state fermentation using Penicillium sp. PT95. Millet medium was more effective in both sclerotia growth and carotenoid production than other grain media. An inoculum in the form of sclerotia yielded higher sclerotia biomass compared to either a spore inoculum or a mycelial pellet inoculum. Adding wheat bran to grain medium favored the formation of sclerotia. However, neither the inoculum type nor addition of wheat bran resulted in a significant change in the carotenoid content of sclerotia. Among grain media supplemented with wheat bran (wheat bran:grain =1:4 w/w, dry basis), a medium consisting of rice and wheat bran gave the highest sclerotia biomass (15.10 g/100 g grain), a medium consisting of buckwheat and wheat bran gave the highest content of carotenoid in sclerotia (0.826 mg/g dry sclerotia), and a medium consisting of millet and wheat bran gave the highest carotenoid yield (11.457 mg/100 g grain). 相似文献
13.
Putalun W Pimmeuangkao S De-Eknamkul W Tanaka H Shoyama Y 《Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences》2006,61(5-6):367-371
Hairy roots of Senna alata transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes, strain ATCC 15834 were induced and grown in half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Effects of sucrose contents and hormones on the growth and sennosides A, B production were investigated. Hairy roots cultured on hormone-free half-strength MS medium containing 5% sucrose under dark condition mostly stimulated the growth of hairy roots and increased the content of sennosides A and B yielding (169 +/- 4) and (34 +/- 3) microg g(-1) dry wt, respectively. 相似文献
14.
Stem explants of Solanum hainanense Hance plantlets were cultured on Murashige and Skoog solid medium, containing 3% (w/v) sucrose, supplemented with 0.1 mg/L
benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1.0 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) for callus production. To establish the cell
suspension culture, 3 g of fresh callus were cultured in 50 mL of the same medium, but without a solid agent, at an agitation
speed of 120 rpm. Every 15 mL of culture was sub-cultured in fresh MS liquid medium for maintenance. The cell biomass of S. hainanense reached a maximum value of 18.47 g after 4 weeks of culture on the same MS medium, but with the sucrose content increased
to 4%, at an agitation speed of 150 rpm, with 20 mL of inoculum. Analysis via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
showed that the solasodine content in the cell suspension after 4-weeks old (121.01 mg/g) was higher than that of in planta 1-year old roots (20.52 mg/g) by approximately 6-fold. 相似文献
15.
《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(8):1900-1902
Effects of the nitrogen sources in the medium for the production of secondary metabolites in lichens were examined. The usnic acid production by a mycobiont of the lichen Usnea hirta was higher in the liquid medium containing ammonium and nitrate ions than in those containing amino acids. 相似文献
16.
Influences of nitrogen sources on usnic acid production in a cultured Mycobiont of the lichen Usnea hirta (L.) Wigg 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kinoshita Y Yamamoto Y Kurokawa T Yoshimura I 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2001,65(8):1900-1902
Effects of the nitrogen sources in the medium for the production of secondary metabolites in lichens were examined. The usnic acid production by a mycobiont of the lichen Usnea hirta was higher in the liquid medium containing ammonium and nitrate ions than in those containing amino acids. 相似文献
17.
18.
Bauer N Leljak-Levanic D Jelaska S 《Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences》2004,59(7-8):554-560
Agrobacteria mediated Coleus blumei tumour tissues were cultured in vitro on MS medium. Sixteen diversified transformed callus cultures were maintained for several years in the absence of plant growth regulators and antibiotics without affecting the growth rate. Rosmarinic acid was detected spectrophotometrically in all tissue lines but in different quantities. The highest rosmarinic acid accumulation detected was 11% of dry tissue mass. The relation between culture growth and rosmarinic acid production was investigated in three callus lines. The lines showed different rosmarinic acid accumulation in relation to their growth rate; it was either parallel or inversely related to the tissue growth. The effects of certain medium constituents on the callus growth and rosmarinic acid accumulation were examined in four tumour cell lines. Addition of 4% or 5% sucrose stimulated rosmarinic acid synthesis and decreased callus growth. Nitrogen reduction to one half or one quarter of initial concentration did not affect rosmarinic acid synthesis and decreased callus growth in three lines, while it increased rosmarinic acid accumulation and callus growth in one line. Addition of 0.1 mg/l Phe stimulated rosmarinic acid production in two lines but had little effect on the rosmarinic acid level in others. Rosmarinic acid production was significantly improved on modified macronutrients, where the Ac2 line produced 16.5 mg of rosmarinic acid per tube (0.2 g of dry wt) after being in culture for 35 days. 相似文献
19.
《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(9):1653-1659
A suspension culture of Calocedrus formosana Florin was studied as a material for efficient production of hinokitiol. Murashige-Skoog’s medium containing 3% sucrose and 1 mg/l 1-naphthylacetic acid was most desirable for cell growth. Cell growth, expressed as fresh cell weight, showed a 20-fold increase after 4 weeks of culture in this medium. Adding potassium acetate or chitosan to the medium increased hinokitiol production. The highest hinokitiol yield, 1700 μg/g fresh cells, was obtained when cells were cultured in the growth medium with chitosan. 相似文献
20.
H. L. Fernandes M. M. Tomé F. M. Lupi A. M. Fialho I. Sá-Correia J. M. Novais 《Biotechnology letters》1989,11(6):433-436
Summary A non-axenic strain of the microalgaBotryococcus braunii Kützing, isolated from a small lake in Portugal, when cultured at 25°C in mineral medium and under continuous illumination, showed a poor production of hydrocarbons (5% of the dry biomass) but excreted remarkably high quantities of an exopolysaccharide (4–4.5g/l) into the medium. The production of soluble polysaccharide with galactose, fucose and uronic acid residues, follows growth. The role of the mucoid contaminating bacteria in polysaccharide production in the mixed culture was unproven. 相似文献