脱墨用棘孢曲霉SM-L22纤维素酶系中内切酶的纯化及性质

通过Bio-Gel P-60分子筛和DEAE-与Q-sepharose离子交换层析等手段,分离纯化了棘孢曲霉SM-L22纤维素酶系中五种内切酶组分EGⅡ-1、EGⅡ-2、EGⅢ-1、EGⅢ-2和EGⅣ,并且对这五种内切酶组分的基本性质进行了研究.通过SDS-PAGE和IEF电泳测得其分子量分别为38.7,34.4,31.4,36.9和23.7kD,等电点分别为pH＜3.5,＜3.5,4.9,4.5和5.0.5个酶组分均属酸性纤维素酶,最适pH在3.5～4.0之间;最适温度分别为55℃、60℃、(60～70)℃、(60～70)℃和60℃.各酶组分有较宽的pH稳定性;温度稳定性表现为EGⅡ-1＞EGⅡ-2＞EGⅢ-1＞EGⅢ-2＞EGⅣ.EGⅡ-1和EGⅡ-2有较高的底物专一性,而EGⅢ-1、EGⅢ-2和EGⅣ对木聚糖有交叉活性.Fe2+对除EGⅣ以外的四种酶组分都有激活作用,尤其是对EGⅢ-2有强烈的激活作用.动力学分析表明各纤维素酶组分对底物亲和力的大小与酶的催化率之间并无相关性.     

脱墨用棘孢曲霉SM-L22纤维素酶系中内切酶的纯化及性质

通过Bio GelP 60分子筛和DEAE 与Q sepharose离子交换层析等手段 ,分离纯化了棘孢曲霉SM L2 2纤维素酶系中五种内切酶组分EGⅡ 1、EGⅡ 2、EGⅢ 1、EGⅢ 2和EGⅣ ,并且对这五种内切酶组分的基本性质进行了研究。通过SDS PAGE和IEF电泳测得其分子量分别为 38 7,34 4,31 4,36 9和 2 3 7kD ,等电点分别为pH <3 5,<3 5,4 9,4 5和 5 0。 5个酶组分均属酸性纤维素酶 ,最适pH在 3 5～ 4 0之间 ;最适温度分别为 55℃、60℃、( 60～ 70 )℃、( 60～70 )℃和 60℃。各酶组分有较宽的pH稳定性 ;温度稳定性表现为EGⅡ 1 >EGⅡ 2 >EGⅢ 1>EGⅢ 2 >EGⅣ。EGⅡ 1和EGⅡ 2有较高的底物专一性 ,而EGⅢ 1、EGⅢ 2和EGⅣ对木聚糖有交叉活性。Fe2 +对除EGⅣ以外的四种酶组分都有激活作用 ,尤其是对EGⅢ 2有强烈的激活作用。动力学分析表明各纤维素酶组分对底物亲和力的大小与酶的催化率之间并无相关性。     

白唇竹叶青蛇毒5’-核苷酸酶的分离纯化及性质

用DEAE-SephadexA-25、Sephadex-G-100和CM-SephadexC-50三步柱层析分离法,从白唇竹叶青(Trimeresurus albolabris)蛇毒中分离纯化出具有5'-核苷酸酶活性的组分.SDS-聚内烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定其分子量为48.03kDa,HPLC柱层析图谱为单一峰.该组分是一个糖蛋白,以一磷酸腺苷(AMP)为底物时,其酶活力为330.33 μg Pi/(min·mg);而以二磷酸腺苷(ADP)为底物时,其酶活力为123.56μg Pi/(min·mg).金属离子zn2 、Fe3 和Cu2 对5'-核苷酸酶活性有显著的抑制作用,EDTA可完全抑制其酶活性.该酶的最适pH为9,最适温度为50℃.该组分还具有抑制由ADP诱导的血小板聚集的生物功能.     

一种不对称水解（R,S）-2,6-二甲基苯基氨基丙酸甲酯的新酯酶基因的克隆表达和酶学性质研究

本文将来自反硝化无色杆菌Achromobacterdenitrificans1104的酯酶基因EHest,转化大肠杆菌中,成功表达了具有不对称水解农药甲霜灵的中间体(R,S)-2,6-二甲基苯基氨基丙酸甲酯( MAP )活性的酯酶EHesterase。用重组酯酶EHesterase催化MAP 的水解,底物浓度50 g/L,反应1h的转化率29.5%,产物( R-酸)的eep 是85.1%。该酶的最适反应pH和温度分别为9.0和50℃,在50℃以下和pH5~9之间具有较好的稳定性。该酶水解MAP 的米氏动力学参数Vm、Km 分别是0.733 g/(L·min)和7.49 g/L。加入10%DMSO对酶EHesterase的立体选择性和催化速度有一定的促进作用。 Cu2+、Fe3+对酶活有明显抑制作用。该酶水解MAP 的活性与水解p-对硝基苯乙酸酯的活性数量级相当,是水解橄榄油活性的333倍。     

灵芝EIM-40漆酶的分离纯化及酶学性质

采用冻干浓缩、（NH4）2S04盐析、HiTrapphenyl（FF）疏水层析和QSepharose FastFlow离子交换层析对灵芝EIM-40发酵液进行分离纯化,获得纯化漆酶,纯化倍数为14．6,回收率为5．3％。SDS-PAGE银染的结果为单一条带,相对分子质量约为6．53×104。以愈创木酚和2,2-联氮-二（3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸）二铵盐（ABTS）为催化底物进行酶学性质研究,最适pH分别为4．8和4．5,最适温度分别为55和50℃,2种底物在pH4．0。5．0范围内,温度低于50℃时,酶的稳定性都很好。以愈创木酚为底物,Km=645．0umol／L;以ABTS为底物,Km=22．2txmol／L。Cu2＋对该酶起激活作用,Fe2＋、Ca2＋、Ba2＋则完全抑制酶的活性。     

棘孢曲霉SM-L22β-葡萄糖苷酶的纯化与性质

通过分子筛层析和离子交换层析等手段,分离纯化了棘孢曲霉SM-L22纤维素酶系中的β-葡萄糖苷酶组分。通过SDS-PAGE和IEF电泳测得其分子量为57.9 kDa,等电点为pH 4.5。该酶组分的最适温度60℃,最适pH 5.5,在40℃以下以及pH 3.0~10.0范围内稳定。Fe2+和Mn2+ 对酶有激活作用,而 EDTA对酶有较明显的抑制作用。底物专一性实验表明,该酶可作用于纤维二糖、水杨素和乳糖。作用于纤维二糖和水杨素的Km值分别为17.13 10-3 mol/L 和11.93 10-3 mol/L,Vmax分别为3.456 10-4 mol/L/min和7.139 10-4 mol/L/min,Kcat分别为3.75 S-1和7.73 S-1。     

毛壳霉内切菊粉酶的纯化与性质

毛壳霉 (Chaetomiumsp .)C34发酵液经硫酸铵分级沉淀、DEAE 纤维素 11离子交换层析、Q SepharoseFastFlow离子交换层析、SephacrylS 2 0 0凝胶过滤、PhenolSepharoseTM HP疏水层析 ,得到电泳纯的内切菊粉酶组分 ,纯化倍数为 30 8倍 ,活力回收率为 7 7%。用SDS PAGE测得该酶亚基的分子量为 6 6kD。菊粉酶的最适pH为 6 0 ,最适温度为 5 0～ 5 5℃。菊粉酶在 5 0℃以下 ,pH5 0～ 8 0时较稳定。Cu2 完全抑制酶的活性 ,Mn2 、Zn2 、Fe2 、EDTA以及NBS(N bromosuccinimide ,N 溴代丁二酰亚胺 )对该酶有很强的抑制作用。该酶对菊粉有较强底物专一性 ,产物主要为低聚果糖 ,也可作用于蔗糖 ,I S值为 2 0。以菊粉为底物时 ,Km 为 0 199mmol L ,Vmax为 115 μmol (mg·min)。     

棘孢曲霉SM-L22 β-葡萄糖苷酶的纯化与性质*

通过分子筛层析和离子交换层析等手段,分离纯化了棘孢曲霉SM-L22纤维素酶系中的β-葡萄糖苷酶组分。通过SDS-PAGE和IEF电泳测得其分子量为57.9 kDa,等电点为pH 4.5。该酶组分的最适温度60℃,最适pH 5.5,在40℃以下以及pH 3.0~10.0范围内稳定。Fe2+和Mn2+ 对酶有激活作用,而 EDTA对酶有较明显的抑制作用。底物专一性实验表明,该酶可作用于纤维二糖、水杨素和乳糖。作用于纤维二糖和水杨素的Km值分别为17.13 10-3 mol/L 和11.93 10-3 mol/L,Vmax分别为3.456 10-4 mol/L/min和7.139 10-4 mol/L/min,Kcat分别为3.75 S-1和7.73 S-1。     

芽孢杆菌E2菌株纤维素酶性质的研究

芽孢杆菌EZ菌在55C下生长良好．在培养液中能大量积累胞外纤维素酶(190m㈣／L培养液),所产生的纤维素酶为单一的羧甲基纤维素酶((CMCase)。羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC—Na)为其专一性底物。该酶作用的pH为4．5 8．0;最适pH为6．5 7．0;在pH4.0- 8．0范围内较稳定。酶作用的最适温度为55C、;在60C、处理 10、30、60、90以及120分钟后,残余酶活分别为95％、80.3％、41．4％,19.3％和7.0%;在65C和70C处理10分钟后残余酶活分别为59％N 19％。M2+、Ca2+对酶促反应稍有促进作用;Ag-、Mn2-、Cu2-、Fe2-和Zn2+有明显的抑制作用。     

产纤维素酶菌株的分离、鉴定及其酶学性质研究

利用刚果红变色圈法从土壤中分离得到1株产纤维素酶活较高的细菌YL07.通过分析其生理生化性质和16S rDNA序列的同源性,将菌株YL07鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens).同时.对菌株YL07所产纤维素酶的酶学性质进行了研究.结果表明:酶反应的最适pH值为6～7,在PH 6.0～9.0的范围内较稳定,酶反应的最适温度为40℃,30℃以下酶的热稳定性较好.K 、Ca2 对CMCage有激活作用,Fe2 、Na 、K 、Ca2 、Mg2 对滤纸酶活(FPase)有激活作用.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.