心肌营养素-1生物学功能的多样性

CT-1最初是从小鼠胚胎干细胞中分离出来的一种细胞因子,其结构与细胞因子IL-6家族成员具有高度同源性,是IL-6家族成员之一。CT-1对心肌细胞既有肥大诱导作用,又有保护作用,其促进多种神经元的存活并能改变交感神经元的递质表型;同时,CT-1刺激肝细胞活性并参与机体炎症反应,具有广泛的生物学作用。     

心肌营养素-1及其信号转导

心肌营养素 1(Cardiotrophin 1,CT 1)是细胞因子IL 6家族成员,它能够诱导心肌细胞肥大,刺激心脏和神经细胞的存活,具有广泛的生物学作用.其生物活性通过多种信号转导途径实现.     

一种新的促心肌肥大细胞因子——心脏营养素

心脏营养素１（ｃａｒｄｉｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｎ１,ＣＴ１）是新发现的一种具有促心肌肥大作用的活性物质,为白细胞介素６（ｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎｓ６,ＩＬ６）细胞因子家族的新成员,其受体由三部分组成,包括ｇｐ１３０、ｇｐ１９０和分子量为８０ｋＤ的ＣＴ１特异受体。ＣＴ１与受体结合,可促进未成熟心肌细胞的存活和增殖,并诱导心肌细胞肥大,可能在多种心血管疾病所致的心肌肥大和心力衰竭的发病中具有重要的意义     

心肌营养素-1和结缔组织增长因子在糖尿病大鼠心肌中的表达及厄贝沙坦的干预作用

目的通过观察心肌营养素-1（CT—1）mRNA和结缔组织增长因子（CTGF）在糖尿病大鼠心肌中的动态表达以及厄贝沙坦干预的影响,探讨CT—1和CTGF在糖尿病心肌病（DMCM）发病机制中的作用。方法SD雄性大鼠78只,随机分为对照组和糖尿病组。用链脲佐菌素（STZ）一次性腹腔注射建立糖尿病模型后,糖尿病组再为厄贝沙坦治疗组及糖尿病未治疗组。治疗组以厄贝沙坦灌服12周。分别在病程2、4、6、8、10、12周处死各组大鼠。称量体重（BW）、全心重量（HW）、左室重量（LVW）,计算心体比（HW／BW）和左室重量指数（LVWI）。检测心肌CT—1 mRNA和CTGF的表达水平;心肌胶原（Col）和心肌血管紧张素（AngⅡ）含量。观察心肌超微结构病理改变。结果糖尿病组大鼠的HW／BW、LVWI明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）,厄贝沙坦治疗组大鼠的HW／BW、LVWI明显低于糖尿病组（P〈0．01）,但仍高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）。厄贝沙坦组心肌细胞变性、坏死程度和范围较糖尿病组明显减轻。糖尿病组大鼠CT—1 mRNA、CTGF表达明显卜调,随病程延长呈升高趋势（P〈0．01）,心肌col、AngⅡ含量较正常对照组明显升高（P〈0．01）。而厄贝沙坦治疗组大鼠的CTI mRNA、CTGF表达与糖尿病组相比较下调（P〈0．01）;心肌Col、AngⅡ含量明显低于糖尿病组（P〈0．05）。糖尿病组大鼠心室CT—1mRNA、CTGF和心室局部Col、AngⅡ含量呈明显正相关。结论糖尿病大鼠心肌CT—1mRNA、CTGF表达上调与心肌肥大、间质纤化密切相关,在糖尿病心肌病的心室重构中起重要作用。厄贝沙坦町减轻糖尿病心肌病的心室重构,其心肌保护作用机制可能与其下调CT—1和CTGF水平有关。     

温血心肌保护液对老年患者心肌保护作用的研究与应用

目的探讨体外循环手术中温血心肌保护液对老年患者心肌的保护作用.资料与方法 30例在我院接受瓣膜置换术的老年患者随机分为研究组和对照组.对照组患者主动脉阻断后,应用冷血心肌保护液灌注心肌.若患者心脏不能自动复跳,应用电击除颤.研究组患者心肌保护液灌注遵循温-冷-温顺序.若心脏复跳不满意,可再次阻断主动脉,灌注温血心肌保护液或应用温血灌注心肌至心肌出现较有规律的心电活动时,开放主动脉阻断钳.结果研究组患者的心肌保护效果优于对照组.结论：此技术的对老年患者的心肌保护效果好,患者术后心功能恢复好.     

一氧化氮对心肌的抑制性保护作用

内皮型与神经型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS,nNOS)在心肌细胞内持续表达,而细胞应激可引起诱导型NOS(iNOS)表达.心肌细胞结构型eNOS与nNOS源性NO,在生理条件下对心肌主要发挥4方面的抑制作用:减缓心肌细胞搏动频率,轻度抑制心肌细胞收缩功能,加速心肌细胞舒张并增加顺应性,以及轻度抑制线粒体电子传递而增强氧利用效...     

白介素-6细胞因子家族新成员：心肌营养素-1

心肌营养素-1(cardiotrophin-1, CT-1)是一个新发现的白介素-6家族细胞因子,小鼠CT-1的mRNA长约1.4 kb,编码蛋白由203个氨基酸组成,以gp130和LIFR为受体.CT-1对心肌细胞既有肥大诱导作用,又有保护作用;能改变交感神经元的递质表型,促进多巴胺神经元、睫状神经元和运动神经元的存活;还能抑制骨髓白血病细胞M1的生长;诱导肝细胞急性相反应;小鼠腹腔注射给药可增加血小板、红细胞记数和血红蛋白浓度.     

人源性神经营养素-6对大鼠面运动神经元逆行溃变的保护作用

目的:探讨人源性神经营养素-6对受损伤神经元的保护作用,为全面了解人源性NT-6的神经生物学特性以及为临床上退行性神经病变的治疗提供实验依据.方法:将健康成年SD大鼠随机分为两组,即不做任何处理的正常对照组和切断一侧面神经后引起面运动神经元逆行溃变的实验组;实验组又根据面肌内注射物的不同分为空白对照组、人源性NT-6实验组和生理盐水对照组.动物饲养两周后,取脑干切片,行尼氏染色和胆碱乙酰基转移酶免疫组化染色,观察人源性NT-6对逆行溃变的面运动神经元的保护作用.结果:与空白对照组和生理盐水对照组相比,NT-6实验组面神经核尼氏染色的强度值和面神经核内ChAT阳性神经元数目显著增加.结论:人源性NT-6对由于轴突损伤引起逆行溃变的神经元具有保护作用.     

氧化苦参碱对阿霉素所致大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用研究

目的：研究氧化苦参碱对阿霉素致大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用。方法：SD大鼠随机分成4组,阿霉素级（adriamycin,ADM）、阿霉素＋氧化苦参碱组（oxymatrine,OMT）,氧化苦参碱组,正常对照组。免疫组化染色法检测大鼠心肌Ⅰ Ⅲ型胶原的表达,用光镜及电镜观察心肌组织的病理改变及超微结构变化。结果：ADM组中大鼠心肌Ⅰ Ⅲ型胶原的表达显著增加,ADM＋OMT组也有相似改变,但较ADM组有显著下降,两组之间有显著差异（P〈0．05）;正常对照组与OMT组无变化。光镜及电镜结果显示ADM组与ADM＋OMT组大鼠心肌组织,均有损伤,但ADM＋OMT组较ADM组损伤明显减轻。OMT组动物未观察到心肌组织病理变化。结论：氧化苦参碱对阿霉素所致大鼠心肌损伤具有保护作用。     

人源性神经营养素-6对体外培养海马神经元存活的促进作用

分离出一周SD乳鼠海马组织,进行离体海马细胞培养;在培养基中加入神经营养素-6成熟肽片段,通过神经元特异性烯醇化酶免疫组化染色,计数存活海马神经元数量,与对照组比较,观察神经营养素-6对神经元存活的促进作用。结果显示,神经营养素-6实验组海马神经元存活数目显著高于对照组。表明人源性神经营养素-6可以促进体外培养神经元的存活。     

Cardiotrophin-1: Expression in experimental myocardial infarction and potential role in post-MI wound healing

Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, has been shown to be elevated in the serum of patients with ischemic heart disease and valvular heart disease, and induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro. We investigated expression of CT-1 in post-MI rat heart and the effect of CT-1 on cultured primary adult rat cardiac fibroblasts. Elevated CT-1 expression was observed in the infarct zone at 24 h and continued through 2, 4 and 8 weeks post-MI, compared to sham-operated animals. CT-1 induced rapid phosphorylation of Jak1, Jak2, STAT1, STAT3, p42/44 MAPK and Akt in cultured adult cardiac fibroblasts. CT-1 induced cardiac fibroblast protein synthesis and proliferation. Protein and DNA synthesis were dependent on activation of Jak/STAT, MEK1/2, PI3K and Src pathways as evidenced by decreased ³H-leucine and ³H-thymidine incorporation after pretreatment with AG490, PD98059, LY294002 and genistein respectively. Furthermore, CT-1 treatment increased procollagen-1-carboxypropeptide (P1CP) synthesis, a marker of mature collagen synthesis. CT-1 induced cell migration of rat cardiac fibroblasts. Our results suggest that CT-1, as expressed in post-MI heart, may play an important role in infarct scar formation and ongoing remodeling of the scar. CT-1 was able to initiate each of the processes considered important in the formation of infarct scar including cardiac fibroblast migration as well as fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. Further work is required to determine factors that induce CT-1 expression and interplay with other mediators of cardiac infarct wound healing in the setting of acute cardiac ischemia and chronic post-MI heart failure.     

Production of Recombinant Human Factor VIII in Different Cell Lines and the Effect of Human XBP1 Co-Expression

Recombinant factor VIII is one of the most complex mammalian proteins and a biotechnology venture required for the treatment of hemophilia A. The complexity of the protein, post-translational modifications and limitations of expression elements make the production of active recombinant FVIII a challenge. Here we report the production of biologically active Factor VIII in two different cell lines, CHO and HepG2, by transient transfection. Two expression vectors based on the CMV promoter were used: one harboring CMV Intron A (InA) and the other without it. To bypass difficulties in secretion, we also studied the influence of co-expression of the human splice isoform of the XBP1 gene. We report the production of recombinant FVIII possessing bioengineered FVIII heavy and light chains, linked by a minimal B domain. In our study, HepG2, a human hepatocyte cell line, expressed Factor VIII ten-fold more than a CHO cell line, and in HepG2 cells, the expression of XBP1 improved Factor VIII activity. For CHO cells, expression was improved by the presence of InA, but no further improvement was noted with XBP1 co-expression. These data suggest that the minimal B domain rFVIII preserves Factor VIII biological activity and that different expression elements can be used to improve its production.     

Effect of growth conditions on the activities of methylotrophic enzymes in Methylophilus W3A1

Abstract The specific activities of four methylotrophic enzymes were measured in batch and chemostat cultures of Methylophilus W3A1. Methanol dehydrogenase was a constitutive enzyme. Methylamine dehydrogenase was regulated by an induction/repression mechanism. Trimethylamine dehydrogenase and dimethylamine monooxygenase were induced co-ordinately, probably by dimethylamine. Methanol completely prevented synthesis of the methyl-amine oxidising enzymes when ammonium was also present; the absence of ammonium relieved this repression. The significance of the results for the evolution of methylotrophic pathways in restricted facultative methylotrophs is discussed.     

重组人胰高血糖素样肽-1的表达、纯化及其生物学活性

为获得重组人胰高血糖素样肽 1[recombinanthumanglucagon likepeptide 1(7～ 37) ,rhGLP 1]并研究其生物学活性 ,采用亚磷酸二酯法合成hGLP 1cDNA的 6个寡核苷酸片段 ,拼接成完整的hGLP 1cDNA ,构建重组质粒pGEX hGLP 1,转化大肠杆菌BL2 1(DE3)获得表达菌株 .高密度发酵培养的菌体超声破碎后 ,裂解液用Glutathione Sepharose 4B亲和层析纯化得到GST融合蛋白 .经CNBr裂解、QAE SepharoseFF柱层析和脱盐 ,得到纯度大于 90 %的rhGLP 1,质谱测定分子量结果与理论值一致 .生物学活性分析表明 ,rhGLP 1具有明显的降血糖活性 .     

重组人纤溶酶原Kringle1-5的制备及其

为了研究重组人纤溶酶原 Kringle1-5(K1-5)的抗血管生成活性及其对内皮细胞增殖的影响, 通过PCR扩增人纤溶酶原K1-5 cDNA,定向克隆于原核表达载体pET30a(+)中,构建重组表达载体pET-K1-5, 转化E.coli BL21(DE3), IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE 和Western 杂交检测K1-5的表达。鸡胚尿囊膜 (CAM) 实验和MTT实验分别检测重组人纤溶酶原Kringle1-5对鸡胚新生血管生成和内皮细胞的抑制作用。结果表明,IPTG诱导原核表达载体pET-K1-5在E.coli BL21(DE3)中的表达量约占菌体总蛋白量的32%, K1-5主要以包涵体形式存在,包涵体经过洗涤、溶解、Ni-spin 亲合柱层析纯化以及蛋白质复性等步骤后,获得了纯度约为96%的重组K1-5蛋白。CAM实验表明,原核表达的重组人K1-5能有效地按剂量依赖的方式抑制鸡胚新生血管的形成。MTT实验结果显示,重组人K1-5特异地抑制内皮细胞的增殖, 而对非内皮细胞无抑制作用。     

人的重组促黄体生成素对小鼠卵母细胞体外受精的影响

目的探讨人的重组促黄体生成素(r-hLH)对性成熟前的小鼠卵母细胞体外受精(invitrofertilization,IVF)后的分裂、以及IVF胚的体外培养(invitroculture,IVC)过程中发育状况的影响.方法选用性成熟前的清洁级昆明小鼠,分别用r-hFSH(人的重组促卵泡素20IU),r-hFSH+r-hLH(各20IU)或20IUr-hLH对其进行超排处理,通过对从各处理组小鼠卵巢中手工器械分离出来的卵丘-卵母细胞复合体(cumulusenclosedoocyte,CEO)进行体外受精之后,进一步观察这些CEO经IVF后的受精分裂状况,以及IVC后的发育情况.结果r-hFSH+r-hLH处理组小鼠卵母细胞IVF率(72.2%)极显著高于r-hFSH单独处理组(39.9%)或r-hLH单独处理组(37.2%)的相应指标;r-hFSH+r-hLH处理组和r-hFSH单独处理组的IVF胚,发育至8～16细胞阶段的比例(8～16细胞率)趋于一致(25.15%∶27.18%),但是都极显著高于r-hLH处理组的8～16细胞率(17.24%);r-hFSH处理组IVF胚发育至16～32细胞阶段的总比例(16～32细胞率∶33.01%),极显著高于r-hFSH+r-hLH处理组及r-hLH单独处理组的指标(1.75%和0).结论在IVF条件下,r-hLH对小鼠卵母细胞的受精有明显的促进作用,同时却对相应IVF胚的进一步发育产生明显的抑制作用.