Two new species (Gustavia johnclarkii and G. hubbardiorum) and other contributions to the systematics of Gustavia (Lecythidaceae)

Gustavia johnclarkii and G. hubbardiorum, two new species from the wet forests of northwestern and Amazonian Ecuador, are described and illustrated. In addition, the two subspecies of both G. speciosa and G. macarenensis are elevated to species, and the new combination Gustavia paucisperma is provided. A justification for these changes is presented.     

A new species of Grillotia Guiart, 1927 (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) with redescriptions of congeners and new synonyms

A new species of Grillotia, G. gastrica n. sp., is described from the stomach musculature of the teleosts Upeneichthys lineatus (Bloch & Schneider) and Sillaginodes punctatus (Cuvier) from off Perth, Western Australia. The new species most closely resembles G. pristiophori Beveridge & Campbell, 2001 in having six hooks in each principal row of the metabasal tentacular armature but differs in having a smooth scolex tegument and in having a band of hooklets running the entire length of the external surface of the tentacle rather than diminishing in width to a single hooklet as occurs in G. pristiophori. Grillotia heptanchi (Vaullegeard, 1899) is redescribed and the details of the mature segment are described for the first time. Grillotia adenoplusius (Pintner, 1903) is redescribed from the type-specimens and is considered to be the larval stage of G. acanthoscolex Rees, 1944 (syns G. spinosissima Dollfus, 1969 and G. microthrix Dollfus, 1969). The adult of G. adenoplusius is also redescribed based on the types of G. spinosissima. The type-specimens of G. dolichocephala Guiart, 1935 and G. minor Guiart, 1935 were re-examined and G. minor is considered to be a synonym of G. dolichocephala as is G. meteori Palm & Schröder, 2001. Based on an examination of the type-specimens, G. scolecina (Rudolphi, 1819) is treated as a species inquirenda. A list is provided of the species currently placed in Grillotia.     

The “Falcatae”, a new Gondwanan species group of Gieysztoria (Platyhelminthes: Dalyelliidae), with the description of five new species

GieysztoriaRuebush and Hayes, 1939, the most species-rich genus of limnic rhabdocoels (Platyhelminthes: Dalyelliidae), is subdivided into several groups based on stylet morphology. Most taxa are known from the Palearctic and the Neotropics. Very little is known about limnic, free-living flatworms in other tropical and subtropical regions. In this contribution five new species of Gieysztoria are described from India, Australia and South Africa, all former Gondwanan fragments. Gieysztoria garudae n. sp., G. ashokae n. sp. and G. ramayana n. sp. were collected in Goa (India), G. stokesi n. sp. in the Northern Territory (Australia) and G. zuluensis n. sp. in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa). All these new species share a typical, very complex stylet morphology, which deviates strongly from that of the groups into which the bulk of the other species within this genus are classified. Therefore a new subgroup, the “Falcatae”, is erected. In addition, four known species could also be included in this subgroup. Possible homologies, common ancestry and biogeographic distribution patterns are discussed.     

Redescription and assignment of Alona globulosa Daday, 1898 to a new genus Notoalona and a description of Notoalona freyi sp. nov.

The species Daday (1898) describes as Alona globulosa has been critically studied, based on many populations from tropical and subtropical regions of the world, over its whole geographical range. A new species and a new subspecies are described. Based on the morphological characters of this species group, which are markedly different from those of the genera previously used for this species, namely Alona, Alonella, and Indialona, a new genus Notoalona is established. N. globulosa (Daday, 1898) is designated as the type species. Morphological differences of Notoalona, Alona, Alonella, and Indialona are discussed. The diagnostic characters of the genus Notoalona include 1) two bean-like thickenings as headpores on the headshield, 2) a row of submarginal setae along the posterior half of the ventral margin of carapace, 3) first trunk limb ODL with one seta and IDL with 3 setae and a small seta-like notch, 4) small branched seta dorsal to posterior lobe of trunk limb-I, 5) entire carapace of the ephippial female modified as an ephippium with a foamy mass surrounding the egg. N. globulosa has a wide distribution in Asia, Africa, and Australia. The Australian material has been designated as the subspecies australiensis. N. freyi sp. nov. is known only from Florida, USA. More detailed studies are necessary to evaluate the taxonomic status of other populations from America including material described as Alonella sculpta, which certainly belongs to the genus Notoalona.     

Metallopolia, a new subgenus of Polia (Noctuidae,Noctuinae, Hadenini), with the description of two new species and a new subspecies

A new subgenus of Polia, Metallopolia subgen. n., two new species (Polia (Metallopolia) dysgnorima sp. n. and P. (M.) metagnorima sp. n.) from China (Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu), and a new subspecies, P. (M.) subviolacea kanchenjunga ssp. n. from Nepal and SE Tibet (Sikkim) are described. Habitus, antennae, male and female genitalia of all Metallopolia species are characterised, depicted and compared with the related species.     

Revision of three camaenid and one bradybaenid species (Gastropoda,Stylommatophora) from China based on morphological and molecular data,with description of a new bradybaenid subspecies from Inner Mongolia,China

We have revised the taxonomy of three camaenid and one bradybaenid species from China and described one new subspecies of the genus Bradybaena (Family Bradybaenidae) from Inner Mongolia, China. The genitalia of three Satsuma (Family Camaenidae) species S. mellea stenozona (Moellendorff, 1884), S. meridionalis (Moellendorff, 1884), comb. n. and S. uncopila (Heude, 1882), comb. n. assigned to the genus Bradybaena previously,lack a dart sac and mucous glands. Moreover, the molecular phylogeny has revealed close relationships between the three species and the genus Satsuma. Two species, S. stenozona (Moellendorff, 1884) from Fuzhou and Ganesella citrina Zilch, 1940 from Wuyi Mountain, are considered as synonymous and should be a subspecies of S. mellea mellea (Pfeiffer, 1866) because of the morphological and molecular similarities. Meanwhile, the other two are placed in the genus Satsuma: S. meridionalis (Moellendorff, 1884), comb. n. and S. uncopila (Heude, 1882), comb. n. G. virgo Pilsbry, 1927 differs from species of the genera Ganesella and Satsuma not only in its shell, but also in anatomical characters, such as having a dart sac and mucous gland, and lacking a flagellum. Additionally, phylogenetic analyses highly support the sister relationship with other Bradybaena species. Thus, placement of G. virgo Pilsbry, 1927 in the genus Bradybaena issuggested.     

海南岛黄檀属一新种和油杉属及榕属二新组合

海南岛发现黄檀属一新种以及海南油杉和保亭榕降为地理亚种。     

A new subgenus and a new species of the tenebrionid genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Leptodes</Emphasis> Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera,Tenebrionidae)

The genus Leptodes was erected by Dejean (1834) for a single species, Sepidium boisduvalii Zubkoff, 1833, which is, consequently, the type species by monotypy. Kaszab (1959) established in Leptodes the subgenus Leptodinopsis based on the same type species, Sepidium boisduvalii. Thus the names Leptodes and Leptodinopsis are objective synonyms: Leptodes Dejean, 1834 = Leptodinopsis Kaszab, 1959, syn. n. A new subgenus Mesoleptodes G. Medvedev et Iljina subgen, n. (type species Leptodes semenowi Reitter, 1892) is established for species which Kaszab included in Leptodes s. str. A new species, Leptodes daghestanicus G. Medvedev et Iljina, sp. n., is described from Daghestan.     

A new form of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Kailasius autocrator</Emphasis> (Lepidoptera,Papilionidae) from the eastern Pamirs

A new subspecies, Kailasius autocrator pshartanus, from the eastern Pamirs (the Muzkol Ridge, Sasyk River) is described. The new subspecies is distinguished from the nominative subspecies by the wing pattern and ecology. This subspecies has the most primitive wing pattern in the genus. The range of this species is considered to be the center of Kailasius genus origin.     

中国根蚜属的研究（同翅目：蚜科：瘿绵蚜亚科）的研究（同翅目：蚜科：瘿绵蚜亚科）

系统研究了中国根蚜属Geoica Hart的蚜虫。中国分布有5种（亚种）,其中有二新种：拟钝毛根蚜G. parasetu losa Zhang et Qiao和尸根蚜G. necis Zhang et Qiao, 一新亚种：袋根蚜乌鲁木齐亚种G. urticularia urumqiensis Qiao et Zhang。该文提供了详细的形态特征记述,寄主植物和地理分布资料,中国分布种类的分种检索表和24幅形态特征图。所有标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本馆。     

A new species and two new records of Minicopenaeon Bourdon, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Bopyridae) from China

Three species of the parasitic isopod genus Minicopenaeon Bourdon, 1981 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Bopyridae) are reported from China, one new to science and two new records from mainland China. Minicopenaeon crosnieri (Bourdon, 1979) formerly known from Madagascar, the Philippines and Taiwan, is recorded from Zhejiang province. Minicopenaeon intermedium Bourdon, 1981 previously recorded from the Philippines and Japan, is recorded from China for the first time. The new species Minicopenaeon liuruiyui n. sp. is recorded from the East and South China Seas. As with other species of the genus, females of the new species have rudimentary coxal plates on the second pereomeres on the short side. The new species can be distinguished from other species by the presence of a widely open brood pouch, head with bilobate anterior edge and median concave groove, and male head with curved posterior margin of the pleon. A key to species of Minicopenaeon is provided and the subspecies M. intermedium curvatum Bourdon, 1981 is synonymised with M. intermedium Bourdon, 1981. Metapenaeopsis philippii (Bate, 1881) and M. coniger (Wood-Mason, 1891) are newly recorded as host species for bopyrids.     

Three new species of Tilletia on Eriachne from north-western Australia

Three new species of Tilletia are described from species of Eriachne (Poaceae) in the arid tropics of north-western Australia. In Western Australia, T. mactaggartii sp. nov. infects E. burkittii, and T. geeringii sp. nov. infects E. festucacea. Tilletia marjaniae sp. nov. infects E. pulchella subsp. dominii in Western Australia and the Northern Territory. These species are the first records of Tilletia on Eriachne. Phylogenetic relationships of these species were inferred from internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal RNA region and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences.     

A new species of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chrysolina</Emphasis> Motsch. (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae) from the mountains of Tuva and Buryatia

A new leaf-beetle species with two subspecies is described: Chrysolina (Pleurosticha) romani romani sp. et subsp. n. from southeastern Tuva and Ch. romani burjatica subsp. n. from the East Sayan in Buryatia. The habitus of the species is similar to both the representatives of the subgenus Arctolina Kont. and to Chrysolina gebleri L. Medv. from the subgenus Pleurosticha Motsch. The difference between these two closely related genera is discussed and causes to place the new species in the subgenus Pleurosticha, where it can be readily distinguished by the short and wide lentiform aedeagus.     

Revision of the genus Parasapyga Turner (Hymenoptera,Sapygidae), with the description of two new species

Two new species, Parasapyga boschi sp. n. from Vietnam and P. yvonnae sp. n. from Indonesia are described. Parasapyga walshae van der Vecht, 1940, is treated as a valid species instead of a subspecies of P. moelleri Turner, 1910. A key to the species of the genus is added and all species are illustrated.     

Contributions to the fauna and systematics of Stenopelmatoidea (Orthoptera) of Indochina and some other territories: VII

Data on the genera Gryllacris A.-Serv., Aphanogryllacris Karny, and Papuogryllacris Griff. (Stenopelmatidae, Gryllacridinae) from the Indo-Malayan and Papuan Regions are reported. The former genera Gigantogryllacris Karny and Pardogryllacris Karny are tentatively included in the genus Gryllacris as subgenera. Eight new species and three new subspecies are described. Neotype of Gryllacris signifera (Stoll) and lectotypes of G. obscura Br.-W., G. obscura sumatrana Griff., G. javanica (Griff.), G. appendiculata Br.-W., G. fuscifrons Gerst., G. sirambeica battaka (Griff.), G. excelsa Br.-W., G. heros Gerst., and Aphanogryllacris sexpunctata Br.-W. are designated. G. athleta Br.-W., G. adjutrix Br.-W., and, probably, Aphanogryllacris sexpunctata obscuriceps Karny are considered to be distinct species. Some insufficiently known taxa are redescribed, the systematic position of several species and subspecies is clarified, and new distributional data are reported.     

Chaetopteryx bucari sp. n., a new species from the Chaetopteryx rugulosa group from Croatia (Insecta,Trichoptera, Limnephilidae) with molecular,taxonomic?and ecological notes on the group

We describe a new autumnal caddisfly species Chaetopteryx bucari sp. n. from 8 localities in the Banovina region of Croatia. We also present molecular, taxonomic and ecological notes (emergence, sex ratio and seasonal dynamics) on the new species and discuss the distribution of Chaetopteryx species in general and the Chaetopteryx rugulosa group in particular. Based on Bayesian phylogenetic analysis Chaetopteryx rugulosa schmidi was separated from the clade containing the other subspecies of Chaetopteryx rugulosa. Thus the subspecies Chaetopteryx rugulosa schmidi is here raised to species level, Chaetopteryx schmidi, as it was described originally. We further present distribution data on rare species in the genus Chaetopteryx in Croatia.     

Notes on the ground beetle Pterostichus togyusanus (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Phylogenetic evidence for species status and new distribution record

A flightless carabid beetle, Pterostichus bellatrix (Tschitschérine, 1895), which is endemic to the Korean Peninsula, had been thought to comprise two subspecies: the nominotypical subspecies distributed in northern and central parts of the peninsula, and the subspecies P. bellatrix togyusanus Park and Kwon, 1996, distributed in the southern part of the peninsula. A recent study upgraded these two subspecies to species level, but no convincing evidence was provided for this taxonomic change. Our comparative morphology of external and male genital characters revealed that these two species are paraphyletic with respect to Pterostichus syleus Kirschenhofer, 1997, which was described from Liaoning Province, China. Thus, separate species status of P. bellatrix and P. togyusanus was confirmed phylogenetically. Although P. togyusanus has only been known from the type locality, Mt. Deogyusan, we newly record this species from Mt. Jirisan, a mountain located south of the known locality. A revised key to species of the Pterostichus opacipennis species group (= the subgenus Koreonialoe (s. str.) Park and Kwon, 1996), which now includes 14 species, is also provided.     

Stratigraphic distribution of selected acritarchs in the Ordovician subsurface,Canning Basin,Western Australia

Palynological investigation of 80 core samples from four boreholes, drilled through the Lower to Middle Ordovician marine sections of the central-northeastern Canning Basin, northwestern Australia, reveals diverse acritarch associations including a number of stratigraphically significant species. The stratigraphic succession studied, embracing the Willara Formation and conformably overlying Goldwyer Formation, has been independently dated as early Arenig to Llanvirn by conodont faunas (Oepikodus communis through Phragmodus-Plectodina zonal interval). Nine morphologically distinctive acritarch species have relatively narrow vertical ranges within the study interval and likely constitute serviceable palynostratigraphic indices for the Ordovician in and possibly beyond the Western Australian study area. Three new species, Comasphaeridium setaricum, Polyancistrodorus kunzeanensis, and Stelomorpha calix, are established; and one new combination, Baltisphaeridium variocavatum (Playford and Martin, 1984), is proposed. Other stratigraphically significant species include Petaloferidium comptum Playford and Martin, 1984 and Peteinosphaeridium sp. cf. P. exornatum Tongiorgi et al., 1995; together with Dorsennidium symmetricum (Lu, 1987) Sarjeant and Stancliffe, 1994, Peteinosphaeridium coronula Yin et al., 1998, and Striatotheca rarirrugulata (Cramer et al., 1974) Eisenack et al., 1976, which are found for the first time in Australia. The vertical distribution, and hence the stratigraphic utility, of each of the above species is documented through the studied sections.