Siliciclastic input and sedimentation rate as controls on paleoecological distribution of Lower Miocene benthic carbonate producers in a fan–delta: Zagros foreland basin,Iran

This paper aimed to study Lower Miocene (Burdigalian) mixed carbonate–siliciclastic deposits within an Upper Cenozoic synorogenic conglomerate–dominated succession in north of Shalamzar in the Zagros foreland basin, Iran. The deposits are composed of nine facies: foraminiferal mudstone, silty mudstone, sandy mudstone, fossiliferous sandy mudstone, fossiliferous argillaceous mudstone, fossiliferous calclithite, coral limestone, calcareous claystone and hybrid sandstone. The facies represent a mixed carbonate– siliciclastic shelf–type fan–delta. The subenvironments of the fan–delta include muddy pro–delta, sandy delta– front, clastic proximal mouth bar and a subordinate delta plain. Siliciclastic input and sedimentation rate controlled the paleoecological distribution of different benthic carbonate–producing fauna in the fan–delta during its progradation into a shelf marine environment. Input of siliciclastic deposits and sedimentation rate limited the diversity and development of corals and controlled their colonization and growth morphologies in the sandy delta–front. Siliciclastic input (including plant materials and coal debris) and sedimentation rate controlled the trophic habitats of many gastropods and their abundance and distribution in the sandy delta– front and clastic proximal mouth bar. Also, increased siliciclastic input favored abundance of larger benthic foraminifera in most parts of the fan–delta with the exception of the muddy pro–delta.     

准噶尔盆地北缘中中新世偶蹄类

本文记述了新疆准噶尔盆地北缘哈拉玛盖组中的偶蹄类七属七种(包括一个新种Eot-ragus halamagaiensis sp.nov.),奇蹄类三属三种。其中始羚在在国内尚属首次报道。该化石集群与内蒙东部的通古尔动物群比较两者成分相接近,但其中一些分子具有更原始的特征。显然哈拉玛盖组比通古尔组的沉积时期早,但仍属中中新世通古尔期。     

Fish-otoliths from the early Miocene of the Castillo Formation,Venezuela: a view into the proto-Caribbean teleostean assemblages

We describe the otolith assemblage from the early Miocene (Burdigalian) exposures of the Castillo Formation at the Cerro La Cruz locality (Falcón Basin, Lara State, northwestern Venezuela). The samples were obtained through surface and bulk sampling at distinct stratigraphic levels of the study area. The otolith assemblage from Cerro La Cruz includes 14 families, 25 genera and 30 taxa, of which 20 are reported for first time from the Castillo Formation. These include two new sciaenid taxa, Ctenosciaena angusticaudata nov. sp. and Pareques laraensis nov. sp. The Castillo Formation otolith assemblage represent fishes typical of shallow and near-shore and coral reef associated environments as characterized primarily by a high taxonomic diversity and abundance of Sciaenidae, and the lack of mesopelagic families (Myctophidae). The faunal composition of Cerro La Cruz is similar to other chronological equivalent sedimentary units along the proto-Caribbean area (Pirabas and Cantaure formations; Brazil and Venezuela respectively), though the Castillo Formation fish fauna shows lower taxonomic diversity, suggesting some heterogeneity of the coastal and near shore marine environments along the southern portion of the proto-Caribbean.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B79F51B8-BC35-4119-8957-84544286868D     

陕西蓝田灞河组乌米兽亚科(Urmiatheriinae,Bovidae)一新属

记乌米兽亚科 (Urmiatheriinae,Bovidae)一新属 :Lantiantraguslongirostralisgen .etsp .nov.。其主要特征是个体大 ;脸部窄而高 ;吻部细长 ,前颌骨与鼻骨接触 ;鼻骨狭长 ,背面平 ,前端无侧翼 ;鼻切迹位置靠前 ;眶下孔位置低 ,位于P3之上方 ;颊齿中等高冠 ,臼齿列长 ,前臼齿列与臼齿列之长度比小于 60 % ;一珐琅质中孔出现在磨蚀的上臼齿两叶之间 ,靠近唇侧 ;下第一门齿不增大 ;p4的下后尖指向后内 ,与下内尖相连 ;下臼齿具底柱 ;c～p2之间的齿隙长等。它出现在陕西蓝田灞河组下部 ,生存时代为晚中新世早期。     

陕西蓝田灞河组乌米兽亚科(Urmiatheriinae,Bovidae)一新属

记乌米兽亚科(Unniatheriinae,Bovidae)-新属：Lantiantragus longirostralis gen．etsp．nov．。其主要特征是个体大;脸部窄而高;吻部细长,前颌骨与鼻骨接触;鼻骨狭长,背面平,前端无侧翼;鼻切迹位置靠前;眶下孔位置低,位于P3之上方;颊齿中等高冠,臼齿列长,前臼齿列与臼齿列之长度比小于60％;一珐琅质中孔出现在磨蚀的上臼齿两叶之间,靠近唇侧;下第一门齿不增大;p4的下后尖指向后内,与下内尖相连;下臼齿具底柱;c～p2之间的齿隙长等。它出现在陕西蓝田灞河组下部,生存时代为晚中新世早期。     

Studies in Neotropical paleobotany. XIII. An Oligo-Miocene palynoflora from Simojovel (Chiapas, Mexico)

A plant microfossil assemblage of 24 identified and five unknown pollen and spore types is reported from the early Miocene La Quinta Formation near Simojovel, Chiapas, Mexico. The taxa group into seven paleocommunities representing versions of the modern mangroves (Pelliciera, Rhizophora), swamp and lowland riparian forest (Ceratopteris, Crudia, Pachira), tropical rain forest (Selaginella, cf. Antrophyum, Pteris, Sphaeropteris/Trichipteris, cf. Aguiaria, Crudia, Guarea, Pachira), lower montane rain forest (Alfaroa/Oreomunnea, possibly Eugenia), evergreen cloud forest [Picea, Pinus, Podocarpus, Ericaceae (possibly Cavendishia/Vaccinium)], evergreen seasonal forest (Hymenaea, Ilex, possibly Eugenia), and tropical deciduous forest (Cedrela). Elements of arid and high-elevation habitats were absent or few, and northern temperate elements (Picea, Pinus?) were few or rare. Paleoelevations are estimated at 1000–1200 m (present average 2000 m, maximum 3004 m), MAT (mean annual temperature) at least as warm as the present 24°C, and annual rainfall near the present ∼2500 mm but more evenly distributed. The La Quinta (Simojovel) and other Tertiary floras from the region reflect a trend toward higher altitudes, more seasonal rainfall, cooling tempertures, increased introduction of cool-temperate elements from the north after ∼15 Ma (million years), and increased introduction of tropical elements from the south after completion of the isthmian land bridge ∼3.5 Ma ago.     

铲齿象一新种在甘肃省党河地区下中新统的发现

记述了甘肃省党河地区的铲齿象化石一新种———党河铲齿象 (Platybelodondangheen sis)。其主要特征是 :下颌联合和下门齿构成宽短的铲形 ;下门齿薄 ,由单层稀少的齿柱组成 ;具较大的p3 ,p4前窄后宽 ,前齿带和跟座较小 ,m1构造简单 ,齿冠较低 ,第一齿脊无前斜脊 ,前齿带和后跟座较小。它是欧亚大陆目前所知时代最早 (早中新世 )、构造最原始的一种铲齿象。     

Palaeoenvironmental analysis of scleractinian reef corals from the Oligo–Miocene Qom Formation in the Vartun section (northeastern Esfahan,central Iran)

This paper presents a review of palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of scleractinian corals from the Oligo–Miocene Qom Formation in northeastern Esfahan, central Iran. A total of nine genera and four species of colonial corals are identified, including Platycoenia iranica, Goniopora sp., Porites sp., Tarbellastraea reussiana, Solenastrea sp., Favites neglecta, Leptoria sp., Hydnophora cf. pulchra, Hydnophora sp., and Madracis (?) sp. These corals, all parts of massive colonies, are indicative of a reefal environment, with the main constituents, including Leptoria and Hydnophora, possessing massive meandroid, massive hydnophoroid and massive mushroom- to dome-shaped hydnophoroid colonies. The corals identified here are generally indicative of the upper photic zone and shallow water depths of less than 20 m. In the reefal environment, these corals built a wave-resistant and rigid carbonate framework in the form of a reef-front zone encapsulated by environmental conditions including low sedimentation rates and high wave energy. The occurrence of Goniopora and Porites with distinct calicles reflects clearer waters in the external part of the reefal environment.     

甘肃兰州盆地中中新世泉头沟动物群的食虫类、跳鼠类和兔形类

记述了甘肃兰州永登下街泉头沟发现的5种小哺乳动物化石,其中包括3个首次在这一经典地点发现的种。化石组合的分析表明,泉头沟动物群的时代与内蒙古中中新世通古尔动物群接近,并有一个与通古尔动物群相似、指示温带干旱、半干旱丛林-草原的古环境。     

江苏泗洪下草湾中中新世脊椎动物群——2.兀鹫亚科(鸟纲、隼形目)

本文记述了产自江苏泗洪的一鹫类(Vultures)跗跡骨化石——顾氏中新鹫Mioaegypius gui gen.et sp.nov.填补了欧亚大陆中新世大型食肉鸟类的空白。     

黑龙江省桦南县道台桥组植物孢粉化石初步报道

黑龙江省桦南县道台桥组植物孢粉化石初步报道刘耕武,李浩敏,冷琴（中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,南京２１０００８）关键词植物孢粉化石,道台桥组,黑龙江１９９４年６月至８月,笔者赴黑龙江禅南县八虎力乡四方台村进行了野外考察及化石采集工作,发现了大量植物...     

Relationships between foraminiferal assemblages and depositional sequences in Jahrum Formation,Ardal area (Zagros Basin,SW Iran)

The Jahrum Formation was deposited in the foreland basin in southwest Iran (Zagros Basin). The Zagros mountain belt of Iran, a part of the Alpine–Himalayan system, extends from the NW Iranian border through to SW Iran, up to the strait of Hormuz. The various facies of the Jahrum Formation were deposited in four main genetically related depositional environments, including: tidal flat, lagoon, shoal and open marine. These are represented by 14 microfacies. The Jahrum Formation represents sedimentation on a carbonate ramp. Tidal flat facies are represented by fenestral fabric, stromatolitic boundstone and thin-bedded planes. Carbonate deposition in a shallow marine lagoon was characterised by wacke–packstone, dominated by various taxa of imperforate foraminifer. The shoals are made up of medium- to coarse-grained skeletal and peloidal grainstone. This facies was deposited predominantly in an active high energy wave and current regime, and grades basinward into middle ramps facies are represented by wackestones–packstones with a diverse assemblage of echinoderm and large benthic foraminifers with perforate wall. Outer ramp facies consist of alternating marl and limestones rich in pelagic foraminifera. There is no evidence for resedimentation processes in this facies belt. The sequence stratigraphy study has led to recognition of three third-order depositional sequences.     

THE ARAGONIAN VERTEBRATE FAUNA OF XIACAOWAN, JIANGSU——7. APLODONTIDAE (RODENTIA, MAMMALIA)

<正> The fossils which form the subject of the present study were collected in the recent years from the middle Miocene Xiacaowan Formation at three sites, Songlinzhuang, Shuanggou and Zhengji of Sihong, Jiangsu. Most of the material from the first two sites have been reported previously as Prosciurus sp. (Li et al., 1983). Further study indicates that all the specimens mentioned and the M_1/2 previously assigned to Prosciurus? shantungensis Rensberger et Li (1986) are quite different from those of Prosciurus, but represent a new genus, Ansomys. In some features, the new form resembles Plesispermorphilus? descedens of Europe. For the two taxa a new subfamily Ansomyinae is created. It is morphologically intermediate between Meniscomyinae and Allomyinae, and may be the sister taxon of the higher aplodontids Allomyinae and Aplodontinae.     

被子植物的花化石研究

五十多年前胡骕在研究山东临朐县山旺组的植物化石中,发现有花的化石,仅保存了5个花瓣或仅5个萼片,均难给予确切的分类位置;六十年代我们两次去山旺野外工作,发现为数较多,同样仅保存花瓣或萼片的化石。本文研究的是80年代发现并保存较为完好的花化石。新近李凤麟详细论述了各门类化石,均认为山旺组的地质时代属中中新世。近十余年来,国际上被子植物的花化石的研究进展较快。每次花化石的发现,对研究被子植物种系发生、系统位置及在地史中的演化及演变速率等均是极重要