华南法门期牙形刺的辐射

F／F牙形刺灭绝事件以后,牙形刺很快进入复苏期（王成源、Ziegler,2004）。有关法门期牙形刺的辐射,在国内外的文献中还没有详细的论述或论证。本文基于以前对广西桂林垌村和龙门剖面的牙形刺集群灭绝与复苏的研究,2003年又在垌村剖面加密采样,重点是研究F／F事件后,牙形刺由复苏到辐射阶段的特征,探索牙形刺何时和如何由复苏期进化到辐射期。本文的材料主要是依据华南的资料,特别是本文作者研究多年的垌村剖面的资料。牙形刺的灭绝与复苏是以法门期最主要的属Palmatolepis为主线,在种一级的水平上确定的。法门期牙形刺的辐射同样是以Palmatolepis属内种一级的水平上讨论的。同时也涉及到其它属。本文首次明确提出：牙形刺在晚triangularis带就进入辐射期,因为正是从晚triangularis带,Palmatolepis的minuta,werneri,sandbergi,perlobata,cf．regularis,subperlobata,tenupunctata7个重要种群开始出现,并在法门期中期达到辐射期的高峰。     

内蒙古大兴安岭乌奴耳地区泥盆纪的两个牙形刺动物群

在大兴安岭乌奴耳地区发现两个牙形刺动物群。一个采自北矿组,牙形刺Caudicriodus angulatus cf.cauda指示北矿组的时代为Eifelian早期。另一个样品采自霍博山组(大民山组)上部的角砾岩层,产有牙形刺的混合动物群。Palmatolepis hassi,Pal.ljashenkovae,Pal.kireevae,Pal.subrecta,Polygnathus decorosus,Icriodus ex-pansus,I.symmetricus等牙形刺主要来自Frasnian晚期晚rhenana带。而Ancyrodella binodosa,Ancyrodella nodosa,Schimitognathus cf.hermanni则主要来自Gevitian期晚期和Frasnian期早期;Ancyrognathus ubiquitus是重要的事件种,见于linguiformis带至早triangularis带(F/F界线层);这个角砾岩层最后形成的时代可能是早triangularis带,含有多层位的再沉积的牙形刺。文中共描述了牙形刺11属22种,包括2个未定新种和1个未定种。     

广西荔浦晚泥盆世法门期竹节石

本文研究了广西荔浦上泥盆统榴江组上部扁豆状灰岩中所含的法门期竹节石2属3种,其产出层位分别为牙形刺化石带的 Palmatolepis crepida带和 Pa.marginifera带。     

Architecture and functional morphology of the skeletal apparatus of ozarkodinid conodonts

Ozarkodinid conodonts were one of the most successful groups of agnathan vertebrates. Only the oropharyngeal feeding apparatus of conodonts was mineralized, and the skeletal elements were generally disarticulated on the death and decay of the body. Occasionally, however, they were preserved in association as ''natural assemblages'', fossilized in situ after post-mortem collapse of the apparatus. From analysis of element arrangement in natural assemblages of Idiognathodus from the Pennsylvanian of Illinois we have produced a precise scale model of the feeding apparatus of ozarkodinid conodonts. At the front lay an axial Sa element, flanked by two groups of four close-set elongate Sb and Sc elements which were inclined obliquely inwards and forwards; above these elements lay a pair of arched and inward pointing M elements. Behind the S-M array lay transversely oriented and bilaterally opposed Pb and Pa elements. Our model sheds new light on food acquisition in conodonts. We propose that the anterior S and M elements of ozarkodinid conodonts were attached to cartilaginous plates. In order for the animal to feed, these plates were first everted, and then drawn back and upward over the anterior edge of an underlying cartilage. These movements produced a highly effective grasping action, the cusps and denticles of the elements converging to grab and impale any food item that lay anterior to the open array. According to this hypothesis, the anterior part of the conodont apparatus is comparable to, and possibly homologous with, the lingual apparatus of extant agnathans; the elements themselves, however, have no direct homologues. <br>     

Age and distribution of the Late Devonian brachiopod genus Dzieduszyckia Siemiradzki, 1909 in southern China

Conodont biostratigraphical work was done at four sections recently found with occurrence of the rhynchonellide brachiopod genus, Dzieduszyckia Siemiradzki, in southern Guangxi and in the border area between Dushan County of Guizhou and Nandan County of Guangxi, South China. These sections represent two different types of facies, i.e., carbonate platform and intraplatform basin. The conodont analysis reveals that this genus occurs in the Upper triangularis Zone and the Middle crepida Zone at the Dazhai Section, through the Lower to Upper crepida zones at Dalong, and is restricted within the Upper rhomboidea Zone at the two intraplatform basin sections (Changtang and Duli). This result demonstrates that the occurrence of these peculiar rhynchonellide brachiopods in South China, regardless of the depositional environments, is within the Lower Famennian instead of the previously suggested Upper Famennian. Furthermore, this brachiopod genus in South China began to inhabit on the carbonate platform almost since the beginning of the Famennian and did not extend to the intraplatform basin facies until the late Early Famennian.Available biostratigraphic data indicate that during the Early and Middle Famennian, Dzieduszyckia is widely distributed not only in South China, but also throughout the world, such as Morocco and southern Ural.Observation on the new collections from the four studied sections reveals that the peculiar rhynchonellide brachiopods have a great morphological variation within each section. Significant differences existed among the collections from different sedimentary settings and localities, probably reflecting the environmental and geographic constraint on the morphology of Dzieduszyckia. Samples from different layers in the same section have nearly identical morphological variation, suggesting the temporal inheritance in morphology of the rhynchonellide brachiopod.     

陕西凤县熊家山界河街组早石炭世牙形刺动物群

首次描述并图示了位于华北地台和华南地台之间的秦岭山脉中的早石炭世杜内阶上部的牙形刺。这一牙形刺动物群与欧洲杜内阶的牙形刺动物群非常相似。文中描述了两个新种:Pseudopolygnathusnodosussp.nov.和Pseudopolygnathusparamultistriatussp.nov.     

新疆乌恰县萨瓦亚尔顿金矿区早泥盆世牙形刺

在新疆乌恰县萨瓦亚尔顿金矿区首次发现了早泥盆世牙形刺,确认了Ｌｏｃｈｋｏｖｉａｎ阶（Ａｎ－ｃｙｒｏｄｅｌｌｏｉｄｅｓ ｏｍｕｓ）和Ｅｍｓｉａｎ阶（ｏｌｙｇａｎａｔｈｕｓ ｋｉｔａｂｉｃｕｓ,Ｐ．ｅｘｃａｖａｔｕｓ）的存在,并阐述了此次发现的意义和存在的问题。     

Paléobiogéographie des faunes d'Ostracodes au Dévonien supérieur

About one hundred papers and studies have been utilized for a synthesis of ostracode palaeobiogeography during the Frasnian and Famennian. The pelagic entomozoid species have worldwide distributions: they are not used for distinguishing the palaeobiogeographic areas. Five provinces probably existed during the Frasnian and five during the Famennian. The palaeobiogeographic area of the Palaeotethys is constant during this time. There are important faunistic relations between the Western Canadian Platform and the Russian Platform, that is to say, along the Northern margin of the North-Atlantic Continent, during Late Devonian time. The province of Southeastern Asia remains isolated. The number and limits of the palaeobiogeographic areas have been controlled by climate and some geographical barriers.     

New bryozoans (Bryozoa) from the Upper Devonian (Lower Famennian) of the Kuznetsk Basin

New bryozoans from the Upper Devonian (Famennian) of the borderlands of the Kuznetsk Coal Basin are described: Orthopora tomensis sp. nov. and Minussina incrustata sp. nov.     

Parafurnishius,an Induan (Lower Triassic) conodont new genus from northeastern Sichuan Province,southwest China and its evolutionary implications

A fundamental aspect of taxonomy at the generic level, critical to understand Early Triassic conodont evolution, is the composition of the multielement apparatus. In this paper, we document a platform-bearing new conodont genus, Parafurnishius n. gen., as well as its multielement apparatus from the Griesbachian Feixianguan Formation (Lower Triassic) in Xuanhan County, northeastern Sichuan Province, southwest China. The new conodont genus is characterized by numerous robust and irregularly distributed conical denticles with variable platform morphology that has a possible affinity with the P₁ elements of Furnishius. These genera have apparatuses similar to those of Ellisonia and are classified with the family Ellisoniidae. The strong intraspecific variation of P₁ elements and the growth series within the entire sample population suggest that Parafurnishius may have evolved from the Griesbachian Isarcicella by developing random denticle positioning away from the platform centre, and then possibly evolved into younger Triassic Furnishius by developing a stable blade configuration. This preferred interpretation implies an ellisonid apparatus for Isarcicella. Alternatively, Parafurnishius may have evolved from Ellisonia and developed a homeomorphic P₁ element with Isarcicella. This new taxon has strong intraspecific variation of denticle growth orientation during the Early Triassic.     

Observations on the surface microreticulation of platform elements of Neogondolella (Conodonta) from the Upper Permian, Meishan, China

Specimens of the platform element of Neogondolella from the Upper Permian of the Meishan section show well-developed polygonal microsculpture on their oral surfaces, attributable to the imprints of secreting cells. In all populations studied, there is a small but significant increase of mean polygon size with element size, but no variation in polygon size related to position on the element. There is a difference in mean polygon size between the two species N. changxingensis and N. deflecta , but this appears merely to reflect the larger mean size of elements of the latter species. No evidence for periodicity of polygon size during ontogeny is detected. The population of N. changxingensis in Bed 24e is dominated by small specimens with a mean polygon size smaller than on equivalent-sized elements in the normal population of Bed 24d; this suggests that the 'dwarf' population reflects a combination of high juvenile mortality and retarded cell growth.     

迄今世界最早被子植物花序化石的首次发现

首次报道迄今已知世界最早的被子植物花序化石。该花序花石产于甸黑龙江鸡西早白垩世城子河组,花序由数十枚小花组成,其花粉具典型的被子植物特征,无明确的萌发口器,根据其所在层位下伏海相层化石佐证,以及与以色列等地早期被子植物花粉化石的对比等。该花序持质时代可能为早白垩世晚期,或Ｈａｕｔｅｒｉｖｉａｎ晚期至Ｂａｒｒｅｍｉａｎ早期。文中还讨论了此花序及其花粉化石的发现在研究全球被子植物起源早期演化等的重要意     

Discovery of Lower Famennian Stromatoporoidea in the Kuznetsk Basin

Stromatoporoidea recorded for the first time from the Lower Famennian of the Kuznetsk Basin are described. The assemblage studied includes three new species, Actinostroma quasifenestratum sp. nov., Kyklopora tomiensis sp. nov., and Coenostroma rarum sp. nov., and three previously known species of different genera.