鼠疫耶尔森菌F1抗原的性质研究

鼠疫菌F1抗原是鼠疫亚单位新疫苗最重要的候选抗原,对其性质的充分认识,将有助于抗原制造工艺和新疫苗的开发。F1抗原的性质研究包括:微观结构,一级核苷酸、氨基酸序列,二级结构,高分子聚集形态,以及F1抗原的理化性质。     

鼠疫F1抗原和V抗原双组分候选疫苗的免疫学评价

目的通过由提取的鼠疫F1抗原和重组鼠疫V(rV)抗原组成的鼠疫候选疫苗免疫豚鼠,对其免疫效果进行评价。方法将豚鼠随机分成5个试验组,在免疫后不同时间点采血进行抗体检测、MTT法淋巴细胞增殖试验以及皮肤迟发型超敏反应(DTH)检测。结果抗体检测结果显示,双组分鼠疫候选疫苗能诱导较强的体液免疫应答;MTT细胞增殖结果显示,脾脏淋巴细胞特异性增殖不明显;中剂量组、高剂量组针对F1和rV抗原DTH阳转率均为100%。结论双组分鼠疫候选疫苗能诱导豚鼠体液免疫和细胞免疫应答,该疫苗有希望成为我国新一代鼠疫疫苗。     

重组鼠疫菌F1抗原在大肠杆菌中的表达及免疫原性分析

利用基因重组技术,用pET42(b+)质粒在大肠杆菌DE3中表达鼠疫菌F1抗原。经分析rF1抗原基因序列与天然F1抗原结构基因序列完全一致,电泳扫描测其表达量为25%:W estern B lot结果表明,rF1抗原可与F1特异性抗体相互作用,具有天然F1抗原的活性。用镍离子亲和层析纯化rF1抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,在其血清中可检测到高滴度的抗F1抗体。     

鼠疫F1-V重组融合蛋白抗原的制备及其免疫保护效果的研究

为制备鼠疫耶尔森氏菌F1-V重组融合蛋白抗原,观察其免疫原性和免疫保护效果,通过疏水层析、阴离子交换层析、凝胶过滤层析纯化鼠疫F1-V重组融合蛋白抗原.用氢氧化铝凝胶吸附制备试验性鼠疫F1-V重组融合蛋白抗原,皮下接种健康BALB/c小鼠,ELISA检测血清F1-V抗体效价、MTT法测定淋巴细胞增殖能力,进一步用400LD50鼠疫耶尔森氏菌141标准毒株皮下攻毒,观察动物的存活情况.通过三步柱层析纯化获得的鼠疫F1-V重组融合蛋白抗原纯度达到90%以上.氢氧化铝凝胶吸附的鼠疫F1-V重组融合蛋白抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠三次,血清抗F1-V抗体效价为1∶(51200±800),对耶尔森氏菌141强毒株攻击的保护率是90%.上述结果表明,制备的鼠疫F1-V重组融合蛋白抗原具有良好的免疫原性和免疫保护效果,为研制鼠疫F1-V重组融合蛋白疫苗奠定了基础.     

应用噬菌体随机肽库技术筛选鼠疫耶尔森菌F1抗原中和性表位

目的:筛选鼠疫耶尔森菌F1抗原的中和性表位,构建基于鞭毛蛋白佐剂的重组表位疫苗。方法:利用鼠疫菌F1抗原的中和抗体F2H5筛选噬菌体随机12肽库,对得到的阳性克隆采用ELISA进行特异性鉴定,采用竞争抑制ELISA确定具有竞争性的噬菌体单克隆并对其DNA测序,重组表达并纯化获得肽序列与截短型鞭毛蛋白Fli Cdel的融合蛋白,并通过Western印迹和ELISA鉴定重组蛋白与F2H5的结合。结果:获得了2株能够与F1抗原竞争结合F2H5的噬菌体单克隆12-1和12-14,其中12-14的竞争能力较强;通过序列比对,并没有发现这2株噬菌体克隆的插入肽序列与F1抗原序列存在一致性,但这2个插入肽序列与Fli Cdel的重组蛋白在Western印迹和ELISA结果中均显示出能够被抗F1的单克隆抗体识别。结论:F1中和性抗体筛选出的肽序列与截短的鞭毛蛋白融合表达后能够被F2H5特异性识别,为进一步对重组表位抗原进行免疫保护评价奠定了基础。     

重组鼠疫菌F1抗原的纯化及其在ELISA检测鼠疫免疫中的应用

从表达rF1抗原的大肠杆菌中以Superdex-200凝胶过滤层析纯化rF1抗原,电泳扫描显示纯化率>90%。SDS-PAGE及琼脂免疫双扩散结果显示纯化的rF1抗原具天然F1抗原的活性。将此纯化的rF1抗原用于间接ELISA分析免疫动物血清中抗F1抗体的水平,并与天然F1抗原相比较,证明rF1抗原优于天然F1抗原分析结果,可用于鼠疫的血清学检测。     

革胡子鲶生长激素cDNA克隆与蛋白质结构分析

从革胡子鲶(Clarias lazera(Burchell))的脑垂体组织中提取总RNA, 应用RT-PCR方法, 扩增得到了革胡子鲶生长激素(Growth hormone, GH)基因cDNA的开放阅读框(Open reading frame, ORF)序列。ORF全长为603 nt, 编码由22个信号肽氨基酸和178个成熟肽氨基酸共同组成的生长激素前体蛋白。序列同源比较结果表明, 研究中得到的革胡子鲶生长激素氨基酸序列与GenBank中已报道的其他6种鲶形目鱼类的氨基酸序列同源性高达95.8%。二级结构预测分析结果表明, 革胡子鲶生长激素蛋白中含有a 螺旋、b 折叠和b 转角以及无规卷曲等二级结构, 以a 螺旋为主, 是典型的a 型结构蛋白质。此外, 抗原性分析表明, 在氨基酸序列中的4个区域均可形成优势抗原表位, 其结构特点非常适合改造成为重组生长激素疫苗或单克隆抗体制剂加以开发利用。     

用提呈载体构建鼠疫肽疫苗

鼠疫菌是肺、腺鼠疫病原因子。由于当前注册的疫苗有局限性,需要更合理有效的亚单位疫苗战胜各型鼠疫。结合佐剂的新方法使形成新疫苗有了新方案。为了开发新一代鼠疫疫苗,我们选择了一个免疫主基,鼠疫菌荚膜蛋白F1。已知此肽具有B(3个序列B1,     

鼠疫亚单位疫苗研究进展

鼠疫 ,由于其强烈的传染性和极高的致死率 ,使得人们在应对它时 ,必须侧重于早期的防治。传统疫苗存在安全隐患 ,且存在效率低 ,接种反应率高以及不能保护人体免受肺鼠疫侵害等缺陷。近年来生物技术的迅速发展 ,为开展对鼠疫传统疫苗的改进和新疫苗的研究创造了条件 ,而这些研究当中 ,成果最为丰富的当属亚单位疫苗。目前鼠疫亚单位疫苗的研究大多围绕对鼠疫杆菌免疫原性起决定作用的两种主要抗原成分 (F1抗原和V抗原 )展开 ,按此研究方向浅谈其研究进展。     

与疫苗研发相关的呼吸道合胞病毒糖蛋白的结构、抗原及免疫原性特征

<正>过去数年中,人呼吸道合胞病毒的结构与免疫生物学研究领域进步巨大。融合(F)糖蛋白在融合前与融合后状态中的结构测定是个鼓舞人心的重大发现,这不仅为理解与膜融合相关的结构变化提供了便利,也有助于鉴别F糖蛋白错综复杂的抗原特性。此外,这些发现拓宽了基于结构的hRSV疫苗候选物的设计路径。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism