赤霉素A4,A7的研究进展

赤霉素Ａ＿４、Ａ＿７的研究进展颜方贵,秦杰,何增国,李季伦（北京农业大学生物学院,北京１０００９４）赤霉素Ａ＿３（ＧＡ＿３）是目前应用最广的植物生长激素之一。随着研究的深入,对该族的其它同系物,特别是ＧＡ＿４、ＧＡ＿７越来越受到重视,这是由于ＧＡ＿４...     

MAGE-A1,A2,A3,A4在膀胱移行细胞癌组织及细胞株中基因表达的研究

目的研究膀胱移行细胞癌(TCC)中黑色素瘤抗原(MAGE)基因表达。方法逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测20例膀胱TCC患者癌组织和3株膀胱TCC细胞株T24、EJ、BIU87中MAGE-A1、A2、A3、A4基因mRNA表达。结果20例膀胱TCC癌组织中19例(95%)至少表达一种MAGE-A基因,12例MAGE-A1阳性(60%),16例MAGE-A2阳性(80%),11例MAGE-A3阳性(55%),18例MAGE-A4阳性(90%),MAGE-A1-4均阳性8例(40%)。膀胱TCC细胞株T24中MAGE-A1-4基因均表达,EJ中MAGE-A3、A4基因表达,BIU87中MAGE-A2、A3、A4基因表达。结论MAGE基因在膀胱TCC中有较高表达,可望成为膀胱TCC免疫治疗的靶基因。     

A familial tetraphocomelia syndrome involving limb deformities,cleft lip,cleft palate,and associated anomalies —A new syndrome

Summary This paper reports a rare malformation syndrome which is observed in two sibs (brother and sister) of a family. It consists of nearly symmetric reductive defects of the limbs, flexon contractures of various joints, cleft lip and cleft palate, multiple minor abnormalities including capillary hemangioma of the forehead, hypoplastic cartilages of ears and nose, micrognathia, intrauterine growth retardation, and possibly mental retardation. Chromosomes of both parents and propositi are normal. Genetic data suggest autosomal recessive inheritance.     

相思子根化学成分研究——相思子醌A,B,D,E,F,G

从民间药用抗肝炎药相思子（ＡｂｒｕｓｐｒｅｃａｔｏｒｉｕｓＬ．）根中分得８个异黄烷醌类化合物,即相思子醌Ａ、Ｂ、Ｄ、Ｅ、Ｆ、Ｇ以及已知化合物３,７二羟基６甲氧基双氢黄酮和２,８二羟基３,４,９,１０四甲氧基紫檀素。用化学转化和光谱学方法包括１Ｈ１ＨＣＯＳＹ、１Ｈ１３ＣＣＯＳＹ、ＣＤ等方法鉴定它们的结构。     

Effect of vibrostimulation frequency upon skin mechanoreceptors innervated by Aβ-, Aδ, and C-fibers

Vibrostimulation of skin from the crus of the cat at frequencies of 10, 30, and 50/sec evokes a response of mechanoreceptors innervating group A and A fibers to the presentation of each vibrostimulus. The higher the frequency of vibrostimulation, the more clearly manifest are changes in on- and off-responses on a neurogram recorded from the n. saphenus branch. These changes are a result of a decrease in the number of impulses evoked by each vibratory beat. Mechanoreceptors innervated by fibers of group C are not excited as a result of vibrostimulation at these frequencies. After preliminary vibrostimulation, a portion of the mechanoreceptors innervated by C-fibers do not respond to presentation of a mechanical test stimulus (stretching of the skin); the higher the frequency of vibrostimulation, the smaller is the number of reacting receptors.Kirov Medical Institute, Nizhny Novgorod. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 20–27, January–February, 1992.     

Isolation,structure determination and biological activity of A-16686 factors A′ 1, A′ 2 and A′ 3 glycolipodepsipeptide antibiotics

Summary WhenActinoplanes strain ATCC 33076, the producer of A-16686 A1, A2 and A3 complex, is fermented in a suitable medium three additional factors, designated A1, A2 and A3 are produced. These were isolated and characterized, and were shown to differ from the parent components of the original complex by lacking one mannose unit. Bioconversion of A factors into A factors was achieved by incubation with the mycelium ofActinoplanes ATCC 33076. Factor A2 has better antibacterial activity than A2 against some bacteria.     

A special issue on ＂Interferons, Cytokines, and Immunity＂

Vertebrates including human employ both innate and adaptive immune responses to defend against pathogen infections and malignancy. Interferons and cytokines play pivotal roles in mediating and coordinating diverse aspects of the host immune response responsible for the clearance of infection and elimination of malignant cells. In addition, abnormal immune and/or inflammatory responses are closely linked to the pathogenesis of various human diseases such as infections, autoimmune diseases and cancer. Thus, a better understanding of these signaling pathways is essential to our efforts in developing more effective regimes to prevent and treat infectious diseases as well as to combat autoimmune diseases and cancer.     

Aβ peptide interactions with isoflurane, propofol, thiopental and combined thiopental with halothane: A NMR study

Aβ peptide is the major component of senile plaques (SP) which accumulates in AD (Alzheimer's disease) brain. Reports from different laboratories indicate that anesthetics interact with Aβ peptide and induce Aβ oligomerization. The molecular mechanism of Aβ peptide interactions with these anesthetics was not determined. We report molecular details for the interactions of uniformly ¹⁵N labeled Aβ40 with different anesthetics using 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. At high concentrations both isoflurane and propofol perturb critical amino acid residues (G29, A30 and I31) of Aβ peptide located in the hinge region leading to Aβ oligomerization. In contrast, these three specific residues do not interact with thiopental and subsequently no Aβ oligomerization was observed. However, studies with combined anesthetics (thiopental and halothane), showed perturbation of these residues (G29, A30 and I31) and subsequently Aβ oligomerization was found. Perturbation of these specific Aβ residues (G29, A30 and I31) by different anesthetics could play an important role to induce Aβ oligomerization.     

Lethal,neonatal, short-limbed platyspondylic dwarfism. A further variant?

Summary A stillborn short-limbed platyspondylic dwarf is described. Detailed analysis of the X-ray and histological characteristics of bone and cartilage suggest that this infant represents a previously unreported variant of short-limbed platyspondylic dwarfism. The designation Luton variant is suggested.     

Case–control association study of polymorphisms in the voltage-gated sodium channel genes SCN1A,SCN2A,SCN3A,SCN1B,and SCN2B and epilepsy

High-frequency action potentials are mediated by voltage-gated sodium channels, composed of one large α subunit and two small β subunits, encoded mainly by SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN3A, SCN1B, and SCN2B genes in the brain. These play a key role in epilepsy, with the most commonly mutated gene in epilepsy being SCN1A. We examined whether polymorphisms in the above genes affect epilepsy risk in 1,529 epilepsy patients and 1,935 controls from four ethnicities or locations: Malay, Indian, and Chinese, all from Malaysia, and Chinese from Hong Kong. Of patients, 19 % were idiopathic, 42 % symptomatic, and 40 % cryptogenic. We genotyped 43 polymorphisms: 27 in Hong Kong, 28 in Malaysia, and 12 in both locations. The strongest association with epilepsy was rs3812718, or SCN1A IVS5N+5G>A: odds ratio (OR) = 0.85 for allele G (p = 0.0009) and 0.73 for genotype GG versus AA (p = 0.003). The OR was between 0.76 and 0.87 for all ethnicities. Meta-analysis confirmed the association (OR = 0.81 and p = 0.002 for G, and OR = 0.67 and p = 0.007 for GG versus AA), which appeared particularly strong for Indians and for febrile seizures. Allele G affects splicing and speeds recovery from inactivation. Since SCN1A is preferentially expressed in inhibitory neurons, G may decrease epilepsy risk. SCN1A rs10188577 displayed OR = 1.20 for allele C (p = 0.003); SCN2A rs12467383 had OR = 1.16 for allele A (p = 0.01), and displayed linkage disequilibrium with rs2082366 (r ² = 0.67), whose genotypes tended toward association with SCN2A brain expression (p = 0.10). SCN1A rs2298771 was associated in Indians (OR = 0.56, p = 0.005) and SCN2B rs602594 with idiopathic epilepsy (OR = 0.62, p = 0.002). Therefore, sodium channel polymorphisms are associated with epilepsy.     

ON A NEW SUBSPECIES OF BOTOID FISHES,LEPTOBOTIA TIENTAIENSIS HANSUIENSIS,FROM LANGAO,SHAANXI,CHINA

This paper presents a new subspecies of Botoid fishes, collected from Langao in Shaanxi province, China, in June, 1979. Leptbotia tientaiensis hansuiensis, subsp, nov. Diagnosis. closely resembling Leptobotia tientaiensis tientaiensis (Wu) and Leptobotia tientaiensis compressicauda (Nichols), but distinguishable by characters as given in the following table.     

Traditional,Indigenous, or Leafy? A Definition,Typology, and Way Forward for African Vegetables

Economic Botany - Traditional, Indigenous, or Leafy? A Definition, Typology, and Way Forward for African Vegetables. Around 1000 different species of indigenous and naturalized vegetables...     

X-Ray Survey Results and Costs—A Health Officer's Viewpoint,A Preliminary Report

The obvious results of a mass chest x-ray survey from a health officer''s viewpoint are:1. The early discovery of unknown cases of pathologic conditions of the chest—tuberculosis, neoplasms, heart abnormalities.2. Increase in the community''s awareness of its tuberculosis problem.3. Opportunity to work closely with the medical society and the individual private physicians.4. Stimulation of all agencies in a community, health and non-health, to work together on a health project for the good of all of the people.5. Increased cooperation between the local department of public health and other health agencies in a community.6. Opportunity to underline to a staff of a local department of public health the importance of thinking in terms of the department as a whole, rather than in terms of respective divisions or bureaus.7. Opportunity to focus the awareness of the community on its public health services.In relation to costs, there are three aspects from a health officer''s viewpoint:1. The planning, together with other agencies, of an adequate budget with full recognition of community resources.2. The planning for estimated expansion of tuberculosis control services both in terms of increased expense for maintenance and operation, and of assignment of personnel to survey staff with resulting curtailment or postponement of other programs.3. The planning for completion of the follow-up program of the x-ray survey and of future continued extension of the total tuberculosis control program as the result of increased community awareness of the tuberculosis problem.