Fungi causing plant diseases at jabalpur (madhya pradesh)-IX

Summary The present paper describes 6 foliicolous fungi from Jabalpur (India). These includeAsterina lawsoniae Syd. on leaves ofLawsonia alba, Diplocarpon rosae Wolf. onRosa sp.,Cercospora jujubae Chowdhury onZizyphus jujuba andCercospora subsessilis Henn. &Nym. onAzadirachta indica, new fungus records for Madhya Pradesh;Asterostomella strophanti Henn. on leaves ofFlacourtia ramontchii, a new fungus for the country andCorynespora cassiicola (Berk. &Curt.)Wei. onClerodendron inerme, a new host record.     

Newly reported fungi from Orissa (India) — I

Summary Two species of fungi,Tryblidiella rufula (Spreng.)Sacc. andTrabutia butleri Theiss &Syd. have been figured and described for the first time from Orissa. The former was found growing on dead twigs ofCitrus aurantifolia (Christm.)Swingle and onCitrus sp. and the latter on living leaves ofFicus religiosa L.     

Novos Deuteromycetes da micogeografia intercontinental

Summary This paper deals with some interesting new fungi which are described as a contribution for the development of the Mycogeography.Arbuscula Batista &Peres n. gen. is studied as a member of the family Stilbaceae havingA. eugeniae Batista &Peres n. sp. on leaves ofEugenia jambolana Lam. from Lucknow, India, as the type species. Another new genus isEllisia Batista &Peres, typified byE. ingae Batista &Peres n. sp. on leaves ofInga fagifolia (L.)Willd. from Manaus. Amazonas, Brazil. Two new binomia are:Eriomycopsis paraensis Batista &Peres n. sp. on leaves ofBertholletia excelsa H.B.K. from Belem, State of Pará, Brazil,Sporidesmium americanense Batista &Peres n. sp. on leaves ofQuercus wislizenii A.D.C., from U.S.A. andSporidesmium cookei (Hughes)W. B. Ellis, on leaves of Lauraceae, from Manaus.

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Zusammenfassung Diese Arbeit bringt einige interessante neue Pilze, welche als Beitrag zur Entwicklung der Mycogeographie beschrieben werden.Arbuscula Batista &Peres n. gen. wurde studiert als ein Mitglied der Familie Stilbaceae, dessen TypusA. eugeniae Batista &Peres n. sp. sich auf Blättern vonEugenia jambolana Lam. aus Lucknow, Indien, befand. Eine andere neue Gattung istEllisia Batista &Peres, typiziert durchE. ingae Batista &Peres n. sp. auf Blättern vonInga fagifolia (L.)Willd. aus Manaus, Amazonas, Brasilien. Zwei neue Binome sind:Eriomycopsis paraensis Batista &Peres n. sp. auf Blättern vonBertholletia excelsa H.B.K. aus Belém, Staat Pará, Brasilien,Sporidesmium americanense Batista &Peres n. sp. auf Blättern vonQuercus wislizenii A.D.C. aus U.S.A. undSporidesmium cookei (Hughes)W. B. Ellis, auf Blättern von Lauraceae, aus Manaus, Amazonas.

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Dedicado à Mrmória do Prof.Raffaele Ciferri     

Some foliicolous ectoparasites and associated fungi from Jabalpur (M.P.) II

Summary In this paper the author has described eight more interesting foliicolous ectoparasites from Jabalpur (M.P.) India. Out of thesePyrenochaeta mitteriellae Sahni an hyperparasite onMitteriella zizyphina Syd. colonising leaves ofZizyphus xylopyra Willd.,Chaetothyrium jasminicola Sahni onJasminum sambac Ait., andMyiocopron parviflorae Sahni onIxora parviflora Vahl are reported as new species.Micropeltis ekmanii Petr. &Cif. on leaves ofCarissa spinarum L.,Asterinella ixorae Ryan on leaves ofIxora parviflora Vahl andPlenotrichum sp. on leaves ofCasearia tomentosa Roxb. are three new fungus records for this country. The remaining two fungi viz.Asterina tonduzi (Speg.)Syd. onFlacourtia ramontchi L'Herr. andBalladynopsis negrii (Cast.) M. B.Ellis onRandia dumetorum Lamk. are new state reocrds.     

The colour-differences in Epipactis helleborine (L.) Cr. Wats. & Coult., and the selection of the genetical varieties by environment

Summary It was found that climatological environmental influences play an important rôle in the natural selection of the colour-varieties ofEpipactis helleborine (L)Cr., Wats. & Coult. on the island of Ameland (Netherlands.)Data were obtained from counts in open field of the frequency of the genetical colour varieties.Transplantation-investigations were made, which indicate that the white variety is more resistent to the environmental influences than the red-violet ones.Data were obtained concerning occurrence of self-pollination or allogamy ofEpipactis helleborine.A new variety var.alba Wr. was described.Some conclusions were drawn concerning the systematics ofEpipactis helleborine.Some cytological data were obtained in regard to the chromosomal composition. As basic chromosome number n=10 was found. The spreading-norm of the acidity in which the mycorrhiza can occur was investigated.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Enigmagraptus</Emphasis> n. gen., a new graptoloid (Přídolí, Silurian,New South Wales,Australia)

Enigmagraptus n. gen. comprises a group of the smallest known graptolites, with problematical evolutionary ancestors. The species described, all of Přídolí age are:E. yassensis (Rickards &Wright, 1999),E. cf.yassensis, E. mitchelli (Rickards &Wright, 1999) andE. pennyae n. sp.      

Dois novos taxa de Sphaeropsidaceae sôbre Palmaceae

Summary This paper deals with two new fungi studied on Palmaceae:Asteromella cocoes Batista &Bezerra n. sp. on leaves ofCocos nucifera L. andAsteropsis insectorum Batista &Bezerra n. sp. onCoccideae scales on leaves ofOenocarpus distichus Mart.

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Zusammenfassung Diese Arbeit beschreibt zwei neue Pilze, welche auf Palmaceae studiert wurden:Asteromella cocoes Batista &Bezerra n. sp. auf Blättern vonCocos nucifera L. undAsteropsis insectorum Batista &Bezerra n. sp. aufCoccideae Schuppen auf Blättern vonOenocarpus distichus Mart.

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Dedicado à Memória do Prof.Raffaele Ciferri     

Fungi causing plant diseases at jabalpur (M.P.). VIII

Summary This paper describes five foliicolous fungi imperfecti from Jabalpur in India. It includesPhyllosticta hasijai Agarwal on leaves ofAcacia melanoxylon R. Br. andCercospora anisochilicola Agarwal onAnisochilus eriocephalus, two new species,C. jasminicola Mueller &Chupp onJasminum sp. andC. achyranthina Thirum. &Chupp onAchyranthes aspera L., two new records for the state, andPestalotiopsis glandicola (Cast.)Steyaert onCassia tora L., a new addition to the fungus flora of India.     

Aurantiosporium,a new genus forUstilago subnitens (Ustilaginales)

A new genus,Aurantiosporium Piepenbring, Vánky & Oberwinkler (Ustilaginales), is proposed for the smut speciesUstilago subnitens Schröter & Hennings onScleria melaleuca Reichb. The soral morphology, teliospore development, the ultrastructure of the teliospore wall and teliospore germination ofAurantiosporium subnitens, studied on collections from Costa Rica, are described for the first time. The character set ofA. subnitens including intercellular teliospore development, spores in irregular groups and light coloured spore walls with numerous layers in TEM is neither known fromUstilago norCintractia nor any other smut species.Part 113 in the series Studies inHeterobasidiomycetes from the Botanical Institute, University of Tübingen.     

Considerazioni Intorno ad „Endomycopsis Fibuliger (Lindner) Dekker“

Riassunto Da uve di paesi subtropicali (Brasile) sono stati isolati più ceppi diEndomycopsis. Il loro studio comparativo ha suggerito di riconvalidareEnd. lindneri Saito passata daLodder &Kreger van Rij in sinonimia conE. fibuliger, e di istituire una nuova varietà di quest' ultima specie:E. fibuliger, var.energica n. var.

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Summary From grape must of a subtropical country (Brasil) some strains ofEndomycopsis had been isolated. Their comparative study was suggestive to confirm again the speciesE. lindneri Saito. Moreover, the same studies permitted us to establish a new variety:E. fibuliger v.energica, n. var.

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Resumo Foram isoladas algumas culturas deEndomycopsis de mosto de uvas cultivadas no Estado de S. Paulo, Brasil.Os estudo comparativos dessas cepas sugeriram considerar como valida a especieE. lindneri Saito, queLodder &Kreger van Rij dao como sinonimo deE. fibuliger.Foi sugerido tambem instituir uma nova variedade, aE. fibuliger var.energica.

     

A stable mitomycin-induced LC-type albino mutant of Blastocladiella emersonii

In an effort to obtain orange mutants ofBlastocladiella emersonii Cantino &Hyatt, wild type zoospores were treated with mitomycin. From the variants produced, we obtained a stable, albino mutant (Ma-1) that differs significantly from another, previously described (Shaw &Cantino, 1969) UV-induced, albino variant. This report concerns the origin of Ma-1, its distinguishing features, and its apparent similarity to the few LC (late colorless) plants that normally appear in wild type populations. A preliminary note regarding mitomycin-induced variants ofB. emersonii has been published (Matsumae &Cantino, 1970).     

Effect of prior vaccination on experimental Blastomycosis

Immunogens were found associated with particular fractions prepared from spherules ofCoccidioides immitis (Kong, Levine &Smith, 1963) and from yeast cells ofHistoplasma capsulatum (Salvin &Ribi, 1955). However,Blastomyces dermatitidis, another dimorphic systemic fungal pathogen was shown to elicit a minimal immunogenic response in experimental animals (Kong &Levine, 1967). It was therefore deemed pertinent to study factors which might enhance the resistance of mice to infection withB. dermatitidis.     

The Miocene Architectonicidae (Gastropoda) of Chile

Three new species of Architectonicidae Heliacinae,Heliacus (Torinista) chonos, Heliacus (Grandeliacus) antu andSolatisonax bieleri, are described. These include the first reports ofGrandeliacus andSolatisonax from Chile.Solarium australe Philippi, 1887 is an earlier name forHeliacus (Torinista) bahamondei Frassinetti & Covacevich, 1981, but is a junior homonym ofS. australe Philippi, 1849. Type material and new specimens of the five previously described architectonicid species from Chile are described and figured for comparison. Together with other gastropod taxa from the same deposits, Architectonicidae provide evidence for tropical to subtropical water temperatures in central Chile during the early Miocene.     

Chrysosphaerella multispina Bradley and some other remarkableChrysophyceae from Lake Stråken,Aneboda, Sweden

Summary Chrysophyceae from Lake Stråken, Aneboda, Sweden, have been examined by electron microscopy. 10 species ofChrysophyceae were found, and electron micrographs of their silica scales are given. 6 of these taxa have not previously been recorded from Sweden, viz.Chrysosphaerella multispina Bradley,Mallomonas crassisquama (Asmund)Fott,Mallomonas papillosa Harris &Bradley,Synura echinulata Korshikov, andSynura spinosa Korshikov f.spinosa Petersen &Hansen.Dedicated to Professor L.Geitler on the occasion of his 70th birthday.     

The oldest Jurassic cyathophorid coral (Scleractinia) from siliciclastic environments of the Kachchh Basin, western India

Cyathophora Michelin, 1843, hitherto well known from the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous, has been found in the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) of the Kachchh Basin, western India. Eleven specimens ofCyathophora bourgueti (Defrance, 1826) from the Babia Cliff Sandstone member of the Kaladongar Formation, exposed along the northern scarp of the Kala Dongar, Pachchham Island, Kachchh, are described and illustrated as the earliest Jurassic record of the family CyathophoridaeVaughan & Wells, 1943. It is suggested that the monospecific occurrence ofCyathophora bourgueti was controlled by salinity.      

The effects of culture media on Saprolegnia antigens

In a previous paper (Hodkinson &Hunter, 1970a) we reported that salmon, suffering from a disease called ulcerative dermal necrosis, appeared to have precipitating antibodies to the mycelium of a fungus associated with their diseased skin lesions. This was confirmed when antigens were prepared from pure cultures of the fungus, a species ofSaprolegnia (Hodkinson &Hunter, 1970b). In this paper we describe the effects of culture media on the antigenicity ofSaprolegnia mycelium, as detected by double gel diffusion with salmon sera.     

Gymnoascus verticillatus smith

Summary The type specimen ofGymnoascus verticillatus Smith was studied and is described as the type of a new, monotypic genus,Actinodendron. The new genus is characterized by the formation of brown to dark colored ascocarps bearing brown appendages with verticels of short branchlets. Ascospores ofA. verticillatum (Smith)Orr &Kuehn are pale brown and almost discoid. Additional specimens of this species are reported.     

Nutritional studies on species and mutants of Lepista,Cantharellus, Pleurotus and Volvariella

The purpose of this study is to determine the ability of select Agaricales species to utilize various sources of carbon, nitrogen, vitamins, and growth hormones. Fungi selected for the studies include:Cantharellus clavatus Fries,C. cibarius Fries,Lepista nuda (Bull. ex. Fries)Cooke,Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex. Fries)Kummer, andVolvariella volvacea (Bull. ex. Fries)Singer. Three strains ofC. cibarius and one mutant ofV. volvacea (V135), V134, were employed to determine if nutritional requirement differences occurred. One species,V. volvacea, is grown commercially as a cottage industry in the Orient (Alicbusan &Ela, 1961) while the other species currently have no commercial value. All species studied possess pleasing flavors and have potential use in the mushroom production industry.A literature compilation of the nutritional regulation of basidiocarp formation and vegetative growth of Agaricales was made with specific mention to the named species (Volz &Beneke, 1969). Recent nutritional studies with one or more of the specific species include those byYusef &Allam (1967), andEger (1970).     

Pteromalidae etEulophidae nouveaux d'Europe (Hym., Chalcidoidea)

Summary In the present paper the Author has described three new genera ofPteromalidae, two new species of the genusEnaysma Del. and one of the genusEpilampsis Del. (Euloph. Entedontinae). The first Pteromalid genus,Stenoselma, is closely related to the well knownAnisopteromalus Ruschka; the second new genus,Apelioma, has been proposed forDinotiscus (Dinotus) pteromalinus Thomson; the third,Aggelma, has been described for the new speciesabdominalis, collected in Central Europe onPinus montana. The other new species ofEntedontinae has been bred from leaf-miners (Lepidoptera).      

The utilization of the mixtures of monosaccharides by some mucorales

Summary The utilization of mixtures of monosaccharides byBlakeslea trispora Thaxter,Choanephora circinans (Naganish &Kawakami)Hesseltine &Benjamin,Gilbertella persicaria var.indica Mehrotra &Mehrotra andHelicostylum piriforme Bainier was studied. The effect of sorbose on the utilization of other sugars present in the mixtures was also studied. It was found that all the mixtures of sugars in combination with asparagine or ammonium chloride were valueless for all the organisms exceptHelicostylum piriforme. Growth ofHelicostylum piriforme on the mixtures with asparagine as the nitrogen source was better than on the mixtures with ammonium chloride as the source of nitrogen. Asparagine being a favourable source counteractecd sorbose inhibition, while ammonium chloride failed to do so. On the other hand, both of the nitrogen sources failed to counteract sorbose inhibition in the rest of the organisms. None of the organisms could finish sorbose and rhamnose from any of the mixtures within the specified period.