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1.
大鼠海马CA1区β受体参与长时程增强和空间学习   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
在离体海马脑片上, 激活CA1区β肾上腺素能受体(β受体)易化这一区域突触传递的长时程增强(LTP). 然而, 在体情况下, CA1区β受体是否参与LTP的调控, 是否参与海马依赖性的学习和记忆, 尚无实验证据. 为此, 观察了β受体激动剂异丙肾上腺素或拮抗剂心得安对在体CA1区LTP的调控作用以及对大鼠在Morris水迷宫中的空间学习的影响. 正常情况下对突触强度仅有微小调制作用的10 Hz的θ节律刺激(每串150个脉冲, 1串), 在CA1区局部给予L-异丙肾上腺素后, 显著地诱导出LTP, 这一效应被DL-心得安所阻断; 相反, 正常情况下对突触强度有显著调制作用的5 Hz的θ节律刺激(每串150个脉冲, 3串), 在CA1区局部给予DL-心得安后, 诱导出的LTP显著地被压抑. 相应地, 训练前20 min在CA1区注射DL-心得安, 大鼠在水迷宫中的学习速度显著地慢于对照组大鼠, 训练后24 h的空间记忆保持亦相应较差. 以上结果表明, β受体参与海马CA1区的突触可塑性, 且对空间学习重要.  相似文献   

2.
皮质酮对大鼠海马脑片CA1区长时程增强效应的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:探讨糖皮质激素对海马神经突触可塑性的影响。方法:高浓度(10^-5mol/L)皮质酮直接作用于大鼠海马脑片,记录CA1区LTP)。结果:海马脑片CA1区LTP的形成受到抑制。结论:应激时过量糖皮质激素会直接影响海马神经突触可塑性。  相似文献   

3.
每天训练作业结束后对动物进行一次电休克处理,较多的动物(4/6)虽用了比对照组约多一倍的训练次数,但仍未能产生长时程突触增强(LTP),相应地条件反应也未能建立;部分动物(2/6)的突触效应不受影响,能产生LTP,并相应地条件反应亦能建立,且 LTP 发展超前于条件性行为的发展。在条件反应巩固后给大鼠一次电休克,可使它的海马 CA_3区的习得性 LIP—时性地下降,条件反应率也相应地下降。经1—4h,LTP 完全恢复,条件反应率也相应地恢复到电休克前的水平。表明习得性 LTP 受影响,可使条件性行为随之相应改变。它为论证习得性 LTP 可能是记忆的神经基础之一提供了进一步的证据。  相似文献   

4.
大鼠海马CA3区的习得性长时程突触增强   总被引:7,自引:4,他引:7  
易立  许世彤 《生理学报》1989,41(3):223-230
本实验应用慢性埋植电极技术以电生理学结合行为学的方法,观察大鼠条件性饮水反应的建立、消退和再建立过程中,其海马CA_3区突触效应的变化规律。以刺激内嗅区的穿通纤维(PP)诱发的单突触的群体锋电位(PS)及群体兴奋性突触后电位(EPSPs)为指标,经叠加处理分析,发现随着条件反应的建立,海马CA_3锥体细胞出现突触效应的长时程增强(LTP),它随行为反应的实验性消退而消退,而在随后再次建立条件反应时,又重新出现;且无论此LTP达最高水平还是它的完全消退均超前于条件性行为反应的水平。又在一个实验日训练作业结束时PS并未立即随之增大,在24h内它随时间而发展,但到第4小时已达最高水平,且条件反应率是与PS的水平相应的,对PS与EPSPs的斜率进行相关分析表明,PS的变化主要是突触传递功效的变化。上述结果表明,海马CA_3区随着行为训练有习得性LTP产生。从其发神变化特点及其与条件性行为的关系,提示此习得性LTP极其可能是本实验中学习和记忆的展经基础。  相似文献   

5.
Hu ZA  Tan YL  Luo J  Li HD  Li XC 《生理学报》2003,55(6):648-652
实验观察了大鼠海马脑片上突触传递长时程增强(long term potentiation,LTP)的产生和维持中26S蛋白酶复合体活性的动态变化过程,初步分析了介导其变化的受体途径。结果显示:强直刺激前,26S蛋白酶复合体活性为190±14.3 cpm/(100 μg·2 h),强直刺激诱导fEPSP斜率增加10 min时,其活性升为273±18.3 epm/(100μg·2 h),强直刺激诱导fEPSP斜率增加60 min时,26S蛋白酶复合体活性又降为210±12.8 cpm/(100μg·2 h)。NMDA受体特异阻断剂AP-5在损害L1P产生的同时,抑制26S蛋白酶复合体活性升高。实验结果提示:大鼠海马LTP产生过程中,26S蛋白酶复合体活性存在一个短时间的,依赖于N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)受体的升高过程。  相似文献   

6.
作为探索大脑学习和记忆功能的重要模式 ,长时程增强 (longtermpotentiation ,LTP)在研究发育过程中的神经回路形成(neuralcircuitformation)和精致化 (Refinement)具有重要作用。一般认为 ,钙 钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶II(calcium/calmodulindependentproteinkinaseII ,CaMKII)和促细胞分裂剂激活性蛋白激酶 (mitogen -activatedproteinkinase,MAPK)家族分子在诱导海马神经元LTP过程中起关键作用。美国斯坦福大学学者RobertC .Malenka最近证实 :新生期啮齿类动物海马神经元却并非如此。他们于出生后 9天内的小鼠海马CA1区锥体细胞 …  相似文献   

7.
海马突触传递长时程增强效应中的逆行信使   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
海马突触传递长时程增强现象的突触机制研究取得了许多重要进展,其中特别是发展了突触前膜与突触后膜功能双向调控的概念,即观察了逆行信使的存在和作用,这对于理解和阐明学习、记忆的机制具有重要的理论意义。本文结合笔者的工作,重点介绍一氧化氮等所谓的逆行信使在突触传递长时程增强中的功能。  相似文献   

8.
β-淀粉样蛋白(amyloid β-protein,Aβ)在脑内沉积形成的老年斑是阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’sdisease,AD)的一个主要病理特征。然而,目前研究表明,在AD出现神经变性前的早期记忆功能障碍中,可溶性Aβ已经发挥了重要作用。可溶性Aβ引起认知功能下降的机制目前尚不清楚。海马长时程增强(long-term potentiation,LTP)是反映突触可塑性的重要指标,被认为与学习和记忆的形成有关。关于Aβ影响海马LTP的研究报道,尤其是利用转基因动物取得的研究成果,为解释AD患者出现的学习记忆功能障碍提供了有力的实验证据。本文结合近年来对AD进行的诸多基础性研究,扼要介绍了Aβ尤其是可溶性Aβ及其活性片段对海马LTP的影响,并讨论了Aβ抑制海马LTP的可能机制。  相似文献   

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10.
Wu MN  Qi JS  Qiao JT 《生理科学进展》2006,37(3):239-242
认知、学习和记忆功能的进行性下降,是阿尔采末病(AD)的主要临床特征,其发病机制一般认为与β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)在脑内的沉积以及由此产生的神经毒性作用有关。海马长时程增强(LTP)是反映突触传递可塑性的重要指标之一,被认为与学习和记忆的形成有关。本文结合近年来对离体、在体以及转基因动物多方面的研究进展,扼要介绍了Aβ及其活性片段对海马LTP的影响,并从离子通道/受体、蛋白激酶、逆行信使和基因突变等方面阐述了Aβ抑制LTPT的可能机制。  相似文献   

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12.
    
Cell‐adhesion glycoprotein neuroplastin (Np) is involved in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and balancing hippocampal excitatory/inhibitory inputs which aids in the process of associative memory formation and learning. Our recent findings show that neuroplastin expression in the adult human hippocampus is specifically associated with major hippocampal excitatory pathways and is related to neuronal calcium regulation. Here, we investigated the hippocampal expression of brain‐specific neuroplastin isoform (Np65), its relationship with amyloid and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and potential involvement of neuroplastin in tissue response during the disease progression. Np65 expression and localization was analysed in six human hippocampi with confirmed AD neuropathology, and six age‐/gender‐matched control hippocampi by imunohistochemistry. In AD cases with shorter disease duration, the Np65 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the dentate gyrus (DG), Cornu Ammonis 2/3 (CA2/3), and subiculum, with the highest level of Np expression being located on the dendrites of granule cells and subicular pyramidal neurons. Changes in the expression of neuroplastin in AD hippocampal areas seem to be related to the progression of disease. Our study suggests that cell‐adhesion protein neuroplastin is involved in tissue reorganization and is a potential molecular marker of plasticity response in the early neurodegeneration process of AD.  相似文献   

13.
目的:研究间歇性低氧对大鼠海马神经元突触可塑性的影响。方法:大鼠受间歇性低氧处理后,用脑立体定位仪定位,观察海马时程增强电位(LTP)的变化。结果:间歇性低氧大鼠LTP幅值显著低于对照组。结论:间歇性低氯可影响LTP幅值,提示间歇性低氧可能使大鼠海马神经元的突触可塑性发生变化。  相似文献   

14.
A yeast two-hybrid library was screened using the cytoplasmic domain of the axonal cell adhesion molecule L1 to identify binding partners that may be involved in the regulation of L1 function. The intracellular domain of L1 bound to ezrin, a member of the ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM) family of membrane-cytoskeleton linking proteins, at a site overlapping that for AP2, a clathrin adaptor. Binding of bacterial fusion proteins confirmed this interaction. To determine whether ERM proteins interact with L1 in vivo, extracellular antibodies to L1 were used to force cluster the protein on cultured hippocampal neurons and PC12 cells, which were then immunolabeled for ERM proteins. Confocal analysis revealed a precise pattern of codistribution between ERMs and L1 clusters in axons and PC12 neurites, whereas ERMs in dendrites and spectrin labeling remained evenly distributed. Transfection of hippocampal neurons grown on an L1 substrate with a dominant negative ERM construct resulted in extensive and abnormal elaboration of membrane protrusions and an increase in axon branching, highlighting the importance of the ERM-actin interaction in axon development. Together, our data indicate that L1 binds directly to members of the ERM family and suggest this association may coordinate aspects of axonal morphogenesis.  相似文献   

15.
记忆的形成阶段包含着神经元突触的可塑性变化过程.近年来的研究表明,神经细胞粘附分子可同时增进突触的可塑性和维持突触结构的稳定性.许多研究证实神经细胞粘附分子对与学习和记忆相关的过程起着一定的调节作用.  相似文献   

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Learning‐correlated plasticity at CA1 hippocampal excitatory synapses is dependent on neuronal activity and NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activation. However, the molecular mechanisms that transduce plasticity stimuli to postsynaptic potentiation are poorly understood. Here, we report that neurogranin (Ng), a neuron‐specific and postsynaptic protein, enhances postsynaptic sensitivity and increases synaptic strength in an activity‐ and NMDAR‐dependent manner. In addition, Ng‐mediated potentiation of synaptic transmission mimics and occludes long‐term potentiation (LTP). Expression of Ng mutants that lack the ability to bind to, or dissociate from, calmodulin (CaM) fails to potentiate synaptic transmission, strongly suggesting that regulated Ng–CaM binding is necessary for Ng‐mediated potentiation. Moreover, knocking‐down Ng blocked LTP induction. Thus, Ng–CaM interaction can provide a mechanistic link between induction and expression of postsynaptic potentiation.  相似文献   

18.
    
Studying the metabolic pathways of cancer cells is considered as a key to control cancer malignancies and open windows for effective drug discovery against cancer. Of all the properties of a tumor, metastasis potential is a defining characteristic. Metastasis is controlled by a variety of factors that directly control the expression of cell adhesion proteins. In this study we have investigated the expression of cell to cell and cell to matrix adhesion protein genes during the initial phases of attachment of human glioblastoma cancer cell line SF767 (66Y old human female: UCSF Neurosurgery Tissue Bank) to the attachment surface under (Cell culture treated polystyrene plate bottom) glucose-rich and glucose-starved conditions. The aim was to imitate the natural microenvironment of glucose availability to cancer cells inside a tumor that triggers epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we have observed the gene expression of epithelial and mesenchymal isoforms of cadherin (E-CAD and N-CAD) and Ig like cell adhesion molecules (E-CAM and N-CAM) along with Integrin family subunits for the initial attachment of cancer cells. We observed that high glucose environments promoted cell survival and cell adhesion, whereas low glucose accelerated EMT by downregulating the expression level of integrin, E-CAD, and N-CAD, and upregulation of N-CAM during early period of cell adhesion. Low glucose availability also downregulated variety of structural and regulatory genes, such as zinc finger E-box binding home box 1A), cytokeratin, Snail, and β catenin, and upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, matrix metalloprotease 13/Collagenase 3, vimentim, p120, and fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase. Glucose conditions are more efficient for cancer studies in this case glioblastoma cells.  相似文献   

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Objective: We examined the association of circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecules (sICAM‐1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecules (sVCAM‐1) with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors and whether the adhesion molecules alone, and in combination, can serve as predictors of coronary CHD. Research Methods and Procedures: Among 18,225 men from the Health Professional Follow‐up Study who provided blood in 1994, we documented 266 incidents of non‐fatal myocardial infarction or fatal CHD during 6 years of follow‐up. The cases were matched 1:2 with non‐cases on age, smoking, and month of blood draw. We found both adhesion molecules directly associated with BMI, inflammatory biomarkers, and triglycerides and inversely associated with high‐density lipoprotein and alcohol intake (p < 0.05). After adjustment for C‐reactive protein, cholesterol‐to‐high‐density lipoprotein ratio, age, smoking, BMI, physical activity, alcohol intake, history of diabetes, parental history of CHD, aspirin use, antihypertensive drug use, and fasting status, the relative risk of CHD was 1.69 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14 to 2.51] for sICAM‐1 and 1.34 (95% CI, 0.91 to 1.96) for sVCAM‐1, when comparing the top quintile with the lower four quintiles. Control for other inflammatory or lipid biomarkers did not appreciably attenuate the associations. When we cross‐classified participants based on their sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1 levels, only the men in the top quintile of both biomarkers [relative risk = 2.39 (95% CI, 1.45 to 3.91)] had a significantly elevated risk of CHD (P interaction = 0.01, multivariate model). Discussion: sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1 are directly associated with obesity and other CHD risk factors. The combination of high levels of both adhesion molecules might be associated with the development of CHD, independent of other CHD risk factors.  相似文献   

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