高频喷射通气治疗海水淹溺肺水肿时兔肺钙离子超微结构变化

用海水灌注的方法诱导海水淹溺肺水肿（ＰＥ－ＳＷＤ）, 采用高频喷射通气（ＨＦＪＶ） 治疗, 应用血气酸碱分析仪对兔动脉血气酸碱三项指标进行自动检测, 并采用Ｃａ２＋ 超微结构方法观察肺内Ｃａ２＋ 变化。结果表明肺细胞内Ｃａ２＋ 超负荷与ＰＥ－ＳＷＤ发生有关, ＨＦＪＶ 对改善ＰＥ－ＳＷＤ症状有明显作用, 同时, 细胞内Ｃａ２＋ 超负荷状况明显缓解     

新疆风毛菊属二新种

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中国山西,广西美芒藻属两新种

中国山西、广西美芒藻属两新种谢树莲凌元洁（山西大学生命科学系太原０３０００６）ＴＷＯＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＣＯＭＰＳＯＰＯＧＯＮ（ＲＨＯＤＯＰＨＹＴＡ）ＦＲＯＭＳＨＡＮＸＩＡＮＤＧＵＡＮＧＸＩ,ＣＨＩＮＡＸＩＥＳｈｕＬｉａｎＬＩＮＧＹｕａｎＪ...     

A. 塔赫他间著《有花植物多样性与分类》读后记述

Ａ．塔赫他间著《有花植物多样性与分类》读后记述汤彦承路安民（中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学开放研究实验北京１０００９３）ＮＯＴＥＳＦＲＯＭＡ．ＴＡＫＨＴＡＪＡＮ’Ｓ“ＤＩＶＥＲＳＩＴＹＡＮＤＣＬＡＳＳＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＦＬＯＷＥＲＩＮＧＰ...     

淡水红藻一新种——异孢奥杜藻

淡水红藻一新种———异孢奥杜藻谢树莲凌元洁（山西大学生命科学系太原０３０００６）ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＦＲＥＳＨＷＡＴＥＲＲＥＤＡＬＧＡＥ———ＡＵＤＯＵＩＮＥＬＬＡＨＥＴＥＲＯＳＰＯＲＡＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＡＸＩＥＳｈｕＬｉａｎＬＩＮＧＹｕａｎ...     

苏北麦田恶性杂草麦家公的生态习性研究

苏北麦田恶性杂草麦家公的生态习性研究钱希（江苏省国营黄海农场,响水县,２２４６２４）ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＥＣＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＨＡＢＩＴＳＯＦＢＡＤＷＥＥＤＳＬＩＴＨＯＳＰＥＲＭＵＭＡＲＶＥＮＳＥＩＮＷＨＥＡＴＦＩＥＬＤＳＯＦＴＨＥＮＯＲＴＨＪＩＡＮＧＳＵ...     

舟山岛与金华北山社鼠肥满度的比较与分析

舟山岛与金华北山社鼠肥满度的比较与分析ＴＨＥＣＯＭＰＡＲＩＳＯＮＡＮＤＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＲＥＬＡＴＩＶＥＦＡＴＮＥＳＳＯＦＲＡＴＴＵＳＮＩＶＩＶＥＮＴＥＲＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＺＨＯＵＳＨＡＮＩＳＬＡＮＤＡＮＤＪＩＮＨＵＡＮＯＲＴＨＭＯＵＮＴＡＩＮＫｅｙｗ...     

新麦草的组织培养及染色体分析

新麦草的组织培养及染色体分析孙震晓,夏光敏,陈惠民（山东大学生物系．济南２５０１００）ＴＩＳＳＵＥＣＵＬＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＣＨＲＯＭＯＭＥＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＰｓＡＴＨＹＲＯＳＡＣＨＹＳＪＵＮＣＥＡ（ＦＩＳＣＨ．）ＮＥＶＳＫＩｓｕｎＺｈｅｎ－ｘｉａｏ;ｘ...     

六出花切花的瓶插花期延长

六出花切花的瓶插花期延长李宪章（中国科学院植物研究所,北京１０００９３）ＬＩＦＥＥＸＴＥＮＳＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＣＵＴＦＬＯＷＥＲＯＦＡＬＳＴＲＯＭＥＲＩＡＡＵＲＡＮＴＩＡＣＡＷＩＴＨＦＬＯＲＡＬＰＲＥＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＶＥＳＬｉＸｉａｎｚｈａｎｇ（Ｉ...     

青心酮对妊娠高血压综合征胎盘血管内皮和平滑肌细胞内一氧化氮合酶的影响

本文对正常孕妇、妊娠高血压综合征（ＰＩＨ）患者和经青心酮（ＤＨＡＰ）治疗的ＰＩＨ患者等共２４例,应用组织化学分析方法观察胎盘血管内皮细胞（ＶＥＣ）和平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）内一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）活性的变化。结果表明：正常孕妇胎盘ＶＥＣ和ＶＳＭＣ内ＮＯＳ活性较高;ＰＩＨ胎盘ＶＥＣ和ＶＳＭＣ内ＮＯＳ活性明显减弱,并伴有组织和细胞的形态学损伤;经ＤＨＡＰ治疗后的ＰＩＨ胎盘ＶＥＣ和ＶＳＭＣ细胞ＮＯＳ活性较未经ＤＨＡＰ治疗者明显增加,其组织和细胞损伤也减轻。本研究结果提示胎盘内ＶＥＣ和ＶＳＭＣ细胞的ＮＯＳ减少可能与ＰＩＨ的发生和／或发展有关,青心酮治疗ＰＩＨ的作用可能与ＤＨＡＰ促进胎盘ＶＥＣ和ＶＳＭＣ内一氧化氮（ＮＯ）合成有关。     

灭幼脲Ⅰ号对致倦库蚊幼虫磷酸酶活力的影响

本文用稍加改良的磷酸苯二钠法,测定了经灭幼脲Ⅰ号处理的致倦库蚊4龄期幼虫的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力的变化,发现被处理幼虫的这两种磷酸酶活力均受到影响。在整个4龄期,灭幼脲Ⅰ号对AKP活力的抑制都比较明显,抑制强度甚至达80％,对ACP活力的抑制则比较弱;但在化蛹前,当对照幼虫的ACP活力增高时,被处理幼虫的ACP活力却下降,致使两者活力也相差一倍以上。由于灭幼脲Ⅰ号对幼虫两种磷酸酶产生明显的抑制作用,从而导致幼虫的生长发育缓慢,幼虫4龄期延长,幼虫不能化蛹而终于死亡。     

Immune responses and gene expression in hepatopancreas from Macrobrachium rosenbergii challenged by a novel pathogen spiroplasma MR-1008

Freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii inoculated with 100 μl novel pathogen spiroplasma strain MR-1008 in logarithmic phase (10⁸ spiroplasmas ml^?1) were examined for alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, acid phosphatase (ACP) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, as well as expressions of 7 immune related genes in hepatopancreas after 1–28 d. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed obvious pathological features in hepatopancreas connective and epithelial tissue. Enzyme activity analyze showed that hepatopancreas AKP and ACP activity increased markedly (P < 0.05) when inoculated with spiroplasma MR-1008 after 5 d and 10 d, respectively. SOD enzyme activity changed less obviously and slightly increased at 1 day post-inoculation, but CAT activity decreased significantly after 5 d inoculation. The expression levels of lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein (LGBP), peroxinectin (PE), α2-macroglobulin (α2M), AKP, ACP, CAT, and copper/zinc SOD (Cu, Zn-SOD) genes in the hepatopancreas were examined by Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) and the results demonstrated that these immune related genes were induced by challenge with spiroplasma MR-1008. The results suggested that the prawn immune responses could be activated or inhibited by spiroplasma MR-1008, and that the hepatopancreas also plays key roles in innate immunity for defense against the pathogen.     

8-OH-DPAT and MK-801 affect epileptic activity independently of vigilance

Vigilance and parallel occurrence of epileptic activity after administration of the 5-HT_1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT and the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 were studied in the genetic absence epilepsy model WAG/Rij rats. Spike-wave discharges (SWD) were present predominantly in passive awake and light slow wave sleep (SWS1) either in control animals or after treatments. Injection of 8-OH-DPAT (20.0 μg/rat i.c.v.) caused marked increase and MK-801 (10.0 μg/rat i.c.v.) decrease in SWD densities, thus the ratios of SWD in passive awake and in SWS1. SWD densities of MK-801 plus 8-OH-DPAT in combination were similar to those of CSF+CSF treated control rats. Both 8-OH-DPAT and MK-801 transiently increased the duration of active awake, increased latency and decreased duration of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. 8-OH-DPAT increased the amount of SWD despite the decrease in the duration of SWS1. MK-801 decreased the amount of SWD despite the lack of significant change in duration of passive awake or SWS1. Pre-treatment with MK-801 reversed 8-OH-DPAT- induced increase in duration of SWD without any effect on 8-OH-DPAT-induced changes in sleep parameters. Our studies provide evidence that 8-OH-DPAT-induced epileptic activity is independent of its effect on sleep, and that interaction of serotonergic and glutamatergic systems plays a role in the generation of SWD, but not in the regulation of vigilance and sleep.     

大鼠肝生长发育过程中ACP、AKP、HSC70/HSP68和PCNA的变化(英文)

磷酸酶（ＡＣＰ、ＡＫＰ）在生物的机能分化中起重要作用,热休克蛋白（ＨＳＰｓ）是近几年发现的一类在胚胎发育、细胞生存中起重要作用的分子,无论是胚胎发育还是细胞结构和功能构建都和细胞增殖密切相关,增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）是检测细胞增殖的良好指标。 本实验用组织化学、免疫组织化学、Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹、酶的原位复性电泳、体视学分析等方法定性和定量分析了酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣＰ）（Ｆｉｇ．１＆２）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ）（Ｆｉｇ．４＆５）、构成性热休克蛋白 ７０／诱导性热休克蛋白 ６８（ＨＳＣ７０／ＨＳＰ６８）（Ｆｉｇ．６）和ＰＣＮＡ（Ｆｉｇ．７＆８, Ｔａｂｌｅ１）在大鼠肝生长发育（从１４天胚胎到成体）过程中的动态变化。结果表明：（１）在大鼠肝生长发育过程中,ＡＣＰ有两个活性高峰期,其时段处于大鼠吃奶和吃饲料起始期（Ｆｉｇ．１＆２）;（２）在ＡＣＰ的第一个活性高峰期时,ＡＫＰ活性降低;而在ＡＣＰ的第二个活性高峰期时,正值ＡＫＰ的活性高峰期（Ｆｉｇ．３）;（３）ＡＣＰ活性高峰期也是ＰＣＮＡ含量高峰期;（４）ＨＳＣ７０／ＨＳＰ６８在刚断奶的幼鼠肝和成体肝中表达量较多,其他时段表达极少。根据上述结果推测：ＡＣＰ和ＰＣＮＡ通过调节细     

Severe water deficit-induced ethylene production decreases photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency in flag leaves of wheat

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Jimai22 was used to evaluate the effect of ethylene evolution rate (EER) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and their relations with photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency in plants well-watered (WW) and under a severe water deficit (SWD). SWD caused a noticeable reduction in the grain mass. The marked increases in both EER and the ACC concentration were observed under SWD; it was reversed effectively by exogenous spermidine (Spd) or amino-ethoxyvinylglycine (AVG). Thermal images indicated that SWD increased obviously the temperature of flag leaves, mainly due to the decrease in transpiration rate under SWD. Exogenous Spd or AVG decreased to some extent the temperature of the flag leaves. The strong decline in photosynthetic rate (P _N) and stomatal conductance as well as the photodamage of PSII were also observed under SWD after 14 and 21 days after anthesis (DAA). Intercellular CO₂ concentration was reduced at 7 DAA, but slightly increased at 14 and 21 DAA under SWD, indicating that the decreased P _N at 7 DAA might result from stomatal limitations, while the decline after 14 and 21 DAA might be attributed to nonstomatal limitations. Correlation analysis suggested that EER and ACC showed negative relations to photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency. Data obtained suggested that the effects of SWD were mediated predominantly by the increase in EER and ACC concentration, which greatly decreased the leaf photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency, and, therefore, reduced the grain mass. Application of Spd or AVG reduced the EER and ACC, and thus positively influenced photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency under SWD.     

三种免疫制剂对真鲷弧菌病的免疫保护性

菌体疫苗按不同的方式对真鲷进行免疫2周后,对实验鱼均具有免疫保护性,免疫保护性最好的免疫组,免疫保护率在初次免疫后高达60%,强化免疫后免疫保护率可提高到80%;粗制LPS经去毒处理后初次免疫真鲷,不同浓度的LPS对实验鱼具有不同程度的免疫保护性,强化免疫后,免疫保护率均有明显的提高,浓度越高,免疫保护性越强,对真鲷的免疫保护率最高可达90%,最小弧菌产生的外毒素经福尔马林灭活后制成毒素苗,这种毒素苗能产生较好的免疫保护性,其免疫保护率可达80%,这表明外毒素不仅是最小弧菌产生的毒力因子,同时也是菌体产生的有效保护性抗原。     

大鼠肝大部分切除前热休克对热休克蛋白和磷酸酶的影响

The contribution and content of the continuous heat shock protein 70/induced heat shock protein 68 (HSC70/HSP68), the contribution, variety and activity of acid phosphatases (ACP) and alkaline phosphatases (AKP) had been analysed qualitatively and quantitatively during the liver regeneration after 2/3 hepatectomy (PH) and HS (heat shock at 46 degrees C for 30 min, recovery for 8 h), which were compared with the results only by HS and only by PH. It was shown that the three kinds of treatment all can increase the activity of ACP, AKP and the expression of HSC70/HSP68, but with different change pattern. A further analysis show that after HS-PH the enhanced activity of ACP is related with that of 140 kD phosphatases, the enhanced activity of AKP is associated with that of 140 kD and 160-180 kD phosphatases. It can be reckoned from the results that ACP, AKP and HSC70/HSP68 all act on the heat shock response of hepatocyte and liver regeneration, and may take part in signal transduction in these processes, but ACP may play a dominant role in the start of hepatocyte multiplication, AKP and HSC70/HSP68 may play a dominant role in cytokineses.     

盐度对暗纹东方鲀生长、非特异性免疫和抗氧化酶活力的影响

实验比较不同盐度处理对暗纹东方鲀（Takifugu obscurus）的生长、非特异性免疫和抗氧化酶活力的影响。实验设置6、12、18、24和30 5个盐度处理组,淡水组设为对照组。分别在实验的第1、第5、第10、第15、第20、第30、第40和第50天进行取样测定,并进行溶菌酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力测定。当盐度18时,鱼的生长受影响较小,而在盐度为24和30的高盐度组中鱼体生长受到较大抑制,并且死亡率随着盐度的增加而增高。经盐度处理后,溶菌酶和碱性磷酸酶活力先逐渐增加,在达到最高峰后又逐渐降低,在24和30的高盐度组中,最终酶活力显著低于对照组水平。超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活力也呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,最终保持与对照组相似的水平。结果表明,高盐度（24和30）对暗纹东方鲀的生长、非特异性免疫和抗氧化酶活力均有显著的影响。       

Electrical activity of the neocortex in adult rats after prenatal hypoxia and in epilepsy model

Changes in electrical activity of the neocortex after prenatal hypoxia (day 14 of embryogenesis, E14, 7% O₂ for 3 h) and intracortical microinjection of epileptogenic 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) were studied in adult (3-month-old) rats. The frequency–time parameters of electrocorticogram (ECoG) were analyzed during sleep and wakefulness as well as in a model of 4-AP-induced spike-wave discharge (SWD) epileptiform activity. The results showed that in rats exposed to prenatal hypoxia the theta rhythm had a lower frequency while sleep spindles displayed a lower spectral power in the low-frequency range as compared to the control group. In rats with prenatal pathology, there was revealed a delayed onset of epileptiform activity and a shifted frequency distribution of the SWD spectral power induced by 4-AP.