内蒙古大兴安岭林草交错区耕地景观演变及空间过程

探究退耕还林(草)和耕地保护双重背景下耕地的动态变化对林草交错区的国土空间规划、生态安全等具有重要意义。研究基于1990、2000、2010年和2018年30 m空间分辨率土地利用数据,通过土地利用动态度指标及转移矩阵,定量分析了交错区耕地的时空变化特征。进而,建立景观变化空间过程模型,将耕地扩张的空间过程分为填充式、廊道式、蔓延式、飞地式四种类型,将耕地萎缩的空间过程分为穿孔、破碎化、收缩、消失四种类型。结果表明：(1)1990—2000、2000—2010、2010—2018年耕地动态度分别为8.65%、-0.33%和-0.07%,耕地面积净增加2974.28 km²。(2)1990—2018年草地向耕地转入2589.23 km²,是耕地增加的主要来源;1990—2000、2000—2010年耕地转出的主要途径均为草地,2010—2018年人工表面成为耕地转出的主要去向。(3)1990—2018年,耕地扩张过程呈现出“飞地式-廊道式/蔓延式-蔓延式”的演变趋势,主要表现为由无序扩张的飞地式转变为依靠原有耕地增长的蔓延式,整个过程符合星点式...     

三江平原湿地鸟类丰富度的空间格局及热点地区保护

全球气候变化和人类的开垦开发活动使湿地生物多样性遭到严重的干扰和破坏,导致生物多样性空间分布格局及热点地区的保护成为研究的热点。在对三江平原湿地鸟类预测的基础上,利用空间自相关方法分析三江平原湿地鸟类丰富度的空间分布格局,并找出湿地鸟类多样性的热点地区及优先保护顺序。研究结果表明,三江平原湿地鸟类丰富度高高集聚区主要分布在保护区及周边地区、河流和湖泊沿岸,是新建和扩建自然保护区的最佳区域。湿地鸟类丰富度高低集聚区主要分布在农田景观中,将它们设立成微型保护地块对于区域景观生态安全具有重要意义;利用湿地鸟类物种丰富度、国家级保护湿地鸟类、生境类型和结构、距最近保护区距离、破碎度、干扰度等指标,在研究区内共找到13个热点地区,总面积为1018.7km²,占研究区总面积的8%;利用系统聚类分析,将13个热点地区划分成3种优先保护顺序。构建的小区域范围内寻找生物多样性热点地区的方法,为相关政府部门更有效地进行湿地生物多样性的保护和管理提供科学依据。     

荒漠绿洲过渡带泡泡刺灌丛沙堆形态特征及其空间异质性

以甘肃省金塔和临泽的荒漠绿洲过渡带为研究区,定量分析了戈壁和沙漠生境中泡泡刺灌丛沙堆的形态特征、形态参数间的关系、空间格局以及空间异质性．结果表明：泡泡刺灌丛沙堆呈凸起的独立型沙包,在金塔有严重的风蚀现象．沙漠生境的沙堆高度、体积和植被冠幅的平均值均大于戈壁,其中金塔沙漠最大,其平均值为1．43m、65．19m^3和94．06m^2临泽沙漠植被高度和盖度的平均值均大于戈壁,且其最大平均值为0．48m和0．55,金塔却相反．沙堆长短轴间、沙堆体积和植被冠幅间呈显著线性关系;沙堆高度和面积、植被高度和盖度间具线性关系．沙堆沿丘间低地呈带状分布和斑块状格局．在金塔和临泽的戈壁中泡泡刺灌丛沙堆空间相关性较强,而金塔沙漠属于中等程度,临泽沙漠存在由随机的原因形成变异为主的可能性．此外,沙堆空间异质性由结构原因形成的变异为主,以临泽戈壁最高,临泽沙漠最小,金塔的戈壁和沙漠位于二者之间．     

河北北部和内蒙古东部森林-草原交错带森林景观格局初步研究

河北北部、内蒙古东部森林 草原交错带的森林景观主要有白桦林、山杨林、云杉林、蒙古栎林和榆树疏林。森林斑块的数量在森林 草原交错带的森林草甸区最多 ,其次是森林带 ,再次是森林 草原交错带的草甸草原区 ,草原带没有森林斑块。从森林带到森林 草原交错带 ,森林斑块变小、森林景观破碎化程度提高。森林 草原交错带森林景观的形成是气候变化和现代气候、地形、火灾和人为活动综合作用的结果     

松嫩平原农牧交错区牲畜放牧场的空间转移

研究了松嫩平原农牧交错区牲畜放牧场空间转移动态、不同放牧场对当地畜牧业的贡献率。研究结果表明 :松嫩平原农牧交错区的牲畜放牧场月际变化很大 ,草地、防护林草地和农田在不同阶段是牲畜的主要放牧场 ;牲畜放牧场具有明显的空间转移现象 ,总体趋势为农田 (1～ 3月份 )→草地 (4～ 6月份 )→防护林草地 (7～ 10月份 )→农田 (11～ 12月份 ) ;3种放牧场在不同时期对畜牧业的贡献率变化也很大 ,其变化趋势与放牧场空间转移趋势基本一致 ;草地、防护林草地和农田对松嫩平原农牧交错区畜牧业均起着重要作用 ,贡献率大小分别为农田 (38.8% ) >防护林草地 (31.8% ) >草地 (2 9.4 % )。草地在当地畜牧业中的地位明显下降 ,农田和防护林草地对当地畜牧业的贡献已相当重要。因此 ,应加强松嫩平原农牧交错区防护林草地放牧和农田放牧研究 ,在保护防护林的基础上合理利用防护林草地和杨树叶资源 ,充分利用农田杂草和农田残茬 ,增加可获得性牧草资源 ,促进地区畜牧业发展。     

Dispersal and spatial scale affect synchrony in spatial population dynamics

A large body of theoretical studies has shown that synchrony among populations is critical for the long-term persistence of species in fragmented habitats. Although the effects of dispersal and environmental factors on synchrony have been investigated theoretically, empirical studies of these relationships have been lacking. We explored the interplay between environmental and demographic factors (fecundity, survival, dispersal) on population synchrony for 53 species of birds. We show that the interspecific differences in mean synchrony were determined by global environmental factors whose action was probably mediated by the abundance of each species. After removing the effect of these global factors on synchrony, the residual synchrony was strongly correlated with dispersal distance. The relationship between dispersal and synchrony was stronger for the species nesting in wet habitats than for those nesting in dry habitats. Our results indicate that different factors synchronize bird populations at different spatial scales, thus highlighting the role of scale in understanding spatial population dynamics and extinction risks.     

The influence of spatial scale on the genetic structure of a widespread tropical wetland tree, Pterocarpus officinalis (Fabaceae)

Identifying factors that cause genetic differentiation in plant populations and the spatial scale at which genetic structuring can be detected will help to understand plant population dynamics and identify conservation units. In this study, we determined the genetic structure and diversity of Pterocarpus officinalis, a widespread tropical wetland tree, at three spatial scales: (1) drainage basin “watershed” (<10 km), (2) within Puerto Rico (<100 km), and (3) Caribbean-wide (>1000 km) using AFLP. At all three spatial scales, most of the genetic variation occurred within populations, but as the spatial scale increased from the watershed to the Caribbean region, there was an increase in the among population variation (Φ_ST=0.19 to Φ_ST=0.53). At the watershed scale, there was no significant differentiation (P=0.77) among populations in the different watersheds, although there was some evidence that montane and coastal populations differed (P<0.01). At the island scale, there was significant differentiation (P<0.001) among four populations in Puerto Rico. At the regional scale (>1000 km), we found significant differentiation (P<0.001) between island and continental populations in the Caribbean region, which we attributed to factors associated with the colonization history of P. officinalis in the Neotropics. Given that genetic structure can occur from local to regional spatial scales, it is critical that conservation recommendations be based on genetic information collected at the appropriate spatial scale.     

贺兰山油松和青海云杉交错区的物种丰富度研究

对贺兰山东坡的油松(Pinus tabulaeformisCarr.)和青海云杉(Picea crassifoliaKom.)交错区进行了野外群落调查和数据分析。结果表明,该交错区跨越2 100~2 500 m海拔范围,油松林和青海云杉林的海拔分界线为2 300~2 350 m。地形是该交错区群落物种丰富度的主要影响因子,阳坡群落的物种丰富度高于阴坡。中等坡度样地的物种丰富度较低;平缓或陡峭样地的物种丰富度较高。海拔升高,物种的丰富度也有所增加。当群落中油松和青海云杉的优势度基本相等时,为典型的油松与青海云杉交错区,在该交错区内,随着油松优势度的降低和青海云杉优势度的升高,土壤条件有所改善,物种丰富度增加。     

边缘效应的空间尺度与测度

综述了边缘效应的空间尺度类型以及在不同尺度上的测度方法.基于大量的研究整合,认为边缘效应空间尺度的划分,可以根据空间尺度的不同以及边缘效应形成和维持因素,分为大中小3个尺度类型,即大尺度的生物群区交错带、中尺度的景观类型之间的生态交错带和小尺度的斑块(生态系统)之间的群落交错区.大尺度主要是以植被气候带为标志的生物群区间的边缘效应,这种地带性的交错区主要受大气环境条件的影响.中尺度类型主要包括城乡交错带、林草交错带、农牧交错带等类型,是不同生态系统要素的空间交接地带,在物质能量等相互流动的作用下变得更为复杂.小尺度水平上是指斑块之间的交错所形成的边缘效应,受小地形等微环境条件及生物非生物等因子的制约,研究主要集中在群落边缘、林窗边缘和林线交错带等方面.对边缘效应测度的定量化研究有助于更加深入理解边缘效应.在大尺度水平上,边缘效应测度的研究主要是应用数量生态学等方法,研究不同气候带之间界线的划分及其物种分布的梯度规律性.中尺度水平上应用景观生态学的3S技术等方法,侧重于研究交错带的动态变化趋势及位置宽度的判定.小尺度水平上通过对距离边缘的长度,各群落中种群的数量、结构、多样性等定量指标的测定来构建测度公式,从而对边缘效应的强度进行量化,并反映边缘对群落的正负效应.总体上看,主要集中于中小尺度上,未来应该强化大尺度边缘效应测度的研究.     

弃管杉木林杉木数量与群落物种多样性间的关系

森林群落物种多样性格局和动态一直是生态学的研究热点,人工林弃管后演替进程中物种多样性变化也很值得研究。杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)作为我国南方林区人工栽培最广、经济价值最高的用材树种之一,其人工林分布面积很大,通常群落结构简单、物种多样性低,然而群落中杉木数量如何影响植物物种多样性,迄今缺乏研究。在浙江省自然保护区内,选择不同疏伐强度和弃管时间的杉木人工林,建立了6个1 hm~2长期动态监测样地,在10 m×10 m、20 m×20 m、50 m×50 m和100 m×100 m尺度下,探究群落物种多样性(物种丰富度、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数)的变化规律,分析杉木数量(多度和相对多度)对物种多样性的影响。结果显示：弃管前对杉木林的疏伐强度越高,演替恢复后的群落物种多样性越高。相同疏伐程度下,物种多样性随演替时间的延长有先升高后降低的趋势。取样尺度小于100 m×100 m时,杉木数量与物种多样性呈极显著负相关;100 m×100 m尺度下仅杉木相对多度与3种多样性指数呈显著负相关,杉木多度与各物种多样性均无显...     

Spatial scale types and measurement of edge effects in ecology

Classification of spatial scales and measurement of edge effects in ecology were reviewed. The spatial scales can be classified into large scale (biome ecotone), meso-scale (ecological ecotone) and small scale (community ecotone) through the formation and maintenance of edge effects in ecology based on the synthetic analysis of published literatures. The biome ecotone is influenced by climate, regional dominant vegetation and terrain environment. The ecological ecotone is usually distributed in the transitional region with remarkable habitat heterogeneity. It connects adjacent ecosystems and affects the flow of energy and nutrient. Nowadays, study on edge effects in ecology mainly focuses on boundary sensitivity which associates with urban-rural ecotone, forest-grassland ecotone, agro-pastoral ecotone, forest-farmland ecotone, water-land ecotone and forest-swamp ecotone. As to the community ecotone which links with different patches to the interior of the community, previous studies focused on community edge, gap edge and treelines. The borderlines of different biome ecotones and the gradients of species distribution in the biome ecotones have been investigated through the method of quantitative ecology. The dynamic change, location and width of the ecological ecotone have been studied using the Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies and the landscape ecology theory. As important indicators, distance from edge, population, structure and diversity determined for establishing models can be applied to measure the intensity of edge effects and decide the positive or negative impact on communities. Although study on the edge effects in ecology was mostly reported at the meso-scale and small scale, study at large scale should be paid more attention as it is the potential value in ecology and global change fields.     

The relationships between local and regional species richness and spatial turnover

Aim To determine the empirical relationships between species richness and spatial turnover in species composition across spatial scales. These have remained little explored despite the fact that such relationships are fundamental to understanding spatial diversity patterns. Location South‐east Scotland. Methods Defining local species richness simply as the total number of species at a finer resolution than regional species richness and spatial turnover as turnover in species identity between any two or more areas, we determined the empirical relationships between all three, and the influence of spatial scale upon them, using data on breeding bird distributions. We estimated spatial turnover using a measure independent of species richness gradients, a fundamental feature which has been neglected in theoretical studies. Results Local species richness and spatial turnover exhibited a negative relationship, which became stronger as larger neighbourhood sizes were considered in estimating the latter. Spatial turnover and regional species richness did not show any significant relationship, suggesting that spatial species replacement occurs independently of the size of the regional species pool. Local and regional species richness only showed the expected positive relationship when the size of the local scale was relatively large in relation to the regional scale. Conclusions Explanations for the relationships between spatial turnover and local and regional species richness can be found in the spatial patterns of species commonality, gain and loss between areas.     

Native and alien plant species richness in relation to spatial heterogeneity on a regional scale in Germany

Aim The aim of our study was to reveal relationships between richness patterns of native vs. alien plant species and spatial heterogeneity across varying landscape patterns at a regional scale. Location The study was carried out in the administrative district of Dessau (Germany), covering around 4000 km². Methods Data on plant distribution of the German vascular flora available in grid cells covering 5′ longitude and 3′ latitude (c. 32 km²) were divided into three status groups: native plants, archaeophytes (pre 1500 AD aliens) and neophytes (post 1500 AD aliens). Land use and abiotic data layers were intersected with 125 grid cells comprising the selected area. Using novel landscape ecological methods, we calculated 38 indices of landscape composition and configuration for each grid cell. Principal components analysis (PCA) with a set of 29 selected, low correlated landscape indices was followed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results PCA reduced 29 indices to eight principal components (PCs) that explained 80% cumulative variance. Multiple linear regression analysis was highly significant and explained 41% to 60% variance in plant species distribution (adjusted R²) with three significant PCs (tested for spatial autocorrelation) expressing moderate to high disturbance levels and high spatial heterogeneity. Comparing the significance of the PCs for the species groups, native plant species richness is most strongly associated with riverine ecosystems, followed by urban ecosystems, and then small‐scale rural ecosystems. Archaeophyte and neophyte richness are most strongly associated with urban ecosystems, followed by small‐scale rural ecosystems and riverine ecosystems for archaeophytes, and riverine ecosystems and small‐scale rural ecosystems for neophytes. Main conclusions Our overall results suggest that species richness of native and alien plants increases with moderate levels of natural and/or anthropogenic disturbances, coupled with high levels of habitat and structural heterogeneity in urban, riverine, and small‐scale rural ecosystems. Despite differences in the order of relevance of PCs for the three plant groups, we conclude that at the regional scale species richness patterns of native plants as well as alien plants are promoted by similar factors.     

长江黄河源区湿地分布的时空变化及成因

通过整理解译1969年航片、1986年、2000年、2007年以及2013年TM影像数据,对长江黄河源区的高寒湿地分布的时空变化特征进行分析,并结合气象观测数据和人类活动状况,运用主成分分析和灰色关联度法定量分析造成高寒湿地退化的气候因素和人为因素的贡献,并揭示了高寒湿地退化与各环境因子之间的关联性。结果表明:1969年—2013年间,江河源区的高寒湿地面积减少了19.16%,各湿地类型的斑块分离度不断增大;空间上,高寒湿地的退化区主要分布在长江源区的东北部以及黄河源区的北部地区,与该区域冻土的退化有显著的一致性;1969年以来,江河源区的气候呈气温显著上升、相对湿度降低以及降水量微弱增加的暖干化趋势,湿地的退化与气候变化在时间上有明显的同步性,其中气温升高是形成湿地退化格局的主要原因,降水量和相对湿度的变化会对湿地的变化产生重要影响,尤其是对河流和湖泊的影响更为显著;此外,载畜量的变化是影响湿地变化最重要的人为因素。     

三江平原孤立湿地景观空间结构

受人类活动的影响,近几十年来三江平原大片连续湿地逐渐破碎化,形成了大量孤立湿地。湿地景观格局分析已成为湿地生态和全球变化研究领域的热点,因此以三江平原遥感影像为数据源,利用GIS技术和景观指数模型,在60m分析粒度下,对三江平原孤立湿地景观空间结构进行分析。结果表明:1研究区的中南部孤立湿地的斑块数量较多,而中东部孤立湿地的斑块面积较大,且孤立湿地斑块之间的邻近程度和连接度较高,三江、洪河自然保护区及研究区西部孤立湿地斑块的形状较复杂;2随着湿地斑块数量的递减,非孤立湿地在景观连接中起到的作用逐渐增加,孤立湿地在景观连接中起到的作用逐渐减小,但面积相对较大的孤立湿地斑块重要值一直处于较高水平,在景观连接中起着重要作用;3三江平原孤立湿地景观空间结构是地形地貌、农业开发活动、国家政策等因子综合作用的结果,应加强对孤立湿地的保护。     

Long-term response of the biotic community to fluctuating water levels and changes in water quality in Cootes Paradise Marsh,a degraded coastal wetland of Lake Ontario

During the early 1900s, more than 90% of the surface area of Cootes Paradise Marsh was covered with emergent vegetation; currently, less than 15% of the surface is covered with aquatic vegetation and the remainder is wind-swept, turbid, open water. The loss of emergent cover is significantly correlated with mean annual water levels that increased more than 1.5 m over the past 60 years. Species diversity and the percent cover of the submerged macrophtye community also declined dramatically after the 1940s, coincident with decreased water clarity and increased nutrients from pollution by sewage and stormwater effluent. Phosphorus levels in the marsh dropped ten-fold after the sewage plant was upgraded to a tertiary-treatment facility in 1978; however, there was no measurable improvement in water clarity, in spite of a decrease in chlorophyll concentrations. Long-term changes in the composition of the planktonic, benthic and fish communities accompanied changes in water clarity, nutrient status and macrophyte cover. Phytoplankton changed from a community dominated by diverse taxa of green algae and diatoms during the 1940s, to a less diverse community dominated by a few taxa of green and blue-green algae in the 1970s, then to a much more diverse community recently, including many taxa of green algae, diatoms and chrysophytes; however, because water turbidity continues to be high, and algae tolerant of low light levels are now very abundant. Daphnia, which were prominent during the 1940s (especially in the vegetated sites) were replaced in the 1970s by smaller zooplankton such as the cladoceran, Bosmina, and several rotifer species including Brachionus, Asplanchna and Keratella. In the recent survey conducted in 1993 and 1994, small-bodied forms still dominate the turbid open-water areas, while medium-sized cladocerans such as Moina were common near macrophyte beds. Generally, total herbivorous zooplankton biomass tended to be highest next to Typha beds and declined with increasing distance from the plants. Conversely, biomass of edible algae at these sites increased with distance from the macrophytes. Species diversity of aquatic insects declined dramatically over the past 40 years, from 57 genera (23 families and 6 orders) in 1948, to 9 genera (6 families and 3 orders) in 1978, to only 5 genera (3 families and 2 orders) in 1995. The diverse benthic community present 5 decades ago has now been replaced by a community consisting primarily of chironomid larvae, oligochaetes and other worms associated with low-oxygen environments. These successional changes illustrate the impact of natural (fluctuating water levels) and anthropogenic (deterioration in water quality) stressors on the character of the biotic communities, and reveal the complex interactions among the various trophic levels and the abiotic environment as degradation and remediation proceeded.     

渤海沿岸湿地生物多样性变化特征

全球气候变化和人类活动干扰的加强,对全球生物多样性造成了前所未有的干扰和破坏。近年来随着我国东部沿海的人口经济快速增长、资源需求进一步增大,生物多样性保护面临着巨大的挑战,进而影响地区经济和生态环境的可持续发展。在区域尺度上评估我国滨海湿地生态系统生物多样性空间格局及其变化特征,对于科学认识和合理保护滨海湿地生态系统生物多样性,和制定生态环境保护决策具有十分重要的意义。以渤海沿岸湿地生态系统生物多样性为研究对象,通过InVEST模型,和物种丰富度指数,评价了该地区生物多样性现状及其变化。结果表明:(1)渤海沿岸湿地生态系统主要以水库坑塘为主,其次为草本沼泽。在2000—2010年期间,渤海沿岸湿地生态系统总面积几乎不变,主要为草本沼泽和水库坑塘之间的转换。(2)湿地生物多样性较高的区域主要分布在辽东湾中部、渤海湾东南部和莱州湾西北部。由于城市化进展的加快,人类活动的干扰加强,近10年来,渤海沿岸湿地生境质量逐渐降低,生物多样性呈退化趋势。频繁的人类活动对该地区湿地生物多样性产生巨大的负面影响,应多建立自然保护区加以保护。(3)生物多样性变化热点区主要分布在渤海湾东南部和莱州湾西北部。冷点区域主要集中在渤海湾的中北部。在渤海湾东南部和莱州湾西北部的变化热点区内,生物多样性呈改善趋势,说明有效的生态系统转换和湿地保护区的建立,可以实现发展与保护共存,达到了双赢的效果。     

The effect of spatial scale on interactions between two weevils and their parasitoid

1. The effect of spatial scale on the interactions between three hymenopteran parasitoids and their weevil hosts was investigated. The parasitoid Mesopolobus incultus (Walker) parasitised Gymnetron pascuorum Gyll.; the parasitoids Entodon sparetus (Walker) and Bracon sp. parasitised Mecinus pyraster Herbst. Both of these weevils develop inside the seedhead of Plantago lanceolata L. but occupy different niches. Seedheads were sampled annually from 162 plants at each of two experimental sites consisting of a series of habitat patches of two distinct sizes. Data were analysed from three site‐years. 2. Parasitoid densities at each site‐year were closely related to the abundance of their respective weevil hosts. The overall proportion of hosts parasitised was more variable for M. incultus than for E. sparetus and Bracon sp. 3. Changes in spatial scale affected the variability of parasitoid densities. For M. incultus, there was generally a greater degree of additional heterogeneity for all increases of scale; for E. sparetus, this was true only at the largest scales; for Bracon sp., all components of variance were negative. 4. The rate of parasitism was related to host density in different ways at different spatial scales. Mesopolobus incultus exhibited inverse density dependence at the finest (seedhead) scale, direct density dependence at the intermediate (plant) scale, and density independence at the large (habitat area 729 m²) scale. Entodon sparetus showed no response to variation in host density at any spatial scale. Bracon sp. showed direct density dependence only at the intermediate and largest scales. 5. Parasitoids E. sparetus and Bracon sp. seemed able to detect more than one M. pyraster individual in seedheads with multiple host occupancy; a greater incidence of conspecific parasitoids than expected emerged from such seedheads.     

鼎湖山不同演替阶段森林土壤水分时空变异研究

土壤水分作为森林生态系统水分蓄库的主体,森林土壤水分储量及其时空动态与变异对揭示区域植被恢复与气候变化背景下的森林生态系统水文过程响应与服务功能变化机制具有重要意义。本研究以南亚热带地区典型森林植被演替序列马尾松人工林（Pinus massoniana coniferous forest,PF）-马尾松针阔叶混交林（mixed Pinus massoniana/broad-leaved forest,MF）-季风常绿阔叶林（monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest,MEBF）为研究对象,依托中国生态系统研究网络森林样地建设与监测统一规范对鼎湖山森林生态系统定位站站区内分布的上述森林类型土壤水分的长期定位观测（2005-2015年）,通过分析各演替阶段森林土壤不同土层（0-15、15-30、30-45、45-60、60-75和75-90 cm）土壤体积含水量观测数据,探究该区域森林植被恢复过程中的土壤水分变化及其时空变异。结果表明：在雨热同期且干湿季明显的南亚热带地区,鼎湖山森林土壤储水量及其时间动态受降雨量的影响显著,森林土壤层对降雨具有强烈的调蓄和稳定作用,伴随PF→MF→MEBF自然演替进程,调蓄水分能力逐步增强。林型间,由初期阶段PF到顶级群落MEBF,森林土壤水分储量逐渐提高,且演替后期林型相对于早期林型,土壤储水量均呈现为较小的年际与年内变幅。干、湿季而言,干季时林型间的土壤储水量差异大于湿季,干季时MEBF和MF土壤含水量分别是PF的1.33倍和1.11倍。从土壤含水量的干、湿季期间变异来看,不同林型各土层土壤含水量的变异系数大小均表现为干季大于湿季;垂直剖面方向上,突出表现为无论干湿季MEBF各层土壤含水量变异均比其他两种林型较为缓和,充分体现了MEBF优越的土壤水分时空调配能力。整体上,伴随PF→MF→MEBF自然演替进程,土壤水分储量及其稳定性逐步提升。