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互花米草生物质能利用潜力 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
作为外来种,互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)对入侵地的生态系统产生了较强的干扰,但同时高生物量的互花米草也是一种潜在的生物质能源.发展生物质能是充分利用互花米草资源并控制其恶性扩张的较为有效和实用的途径,具有生态和经济双重效益.本文总结了互花米草生物质能的利用潜力,其表现为时间与空间上的生物量资源优势、高效的光合作用机制与高生产力、高贮能、较高的碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪储量以及不占用耕地等;同时介绍了互花米草生物质能开发利用现状,并指出互花米草生物质能的开发与利用有着光明的前景. 相似文献
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生物质资源分布广阔而分散,且与环境、气候、土壤、土地利用等关系密切.地理信息系统(geographic information systems,GIS)具有空间数据分析功能以及易于与其他应用模型和算法相结合等特性,使其在生物质能源研究中具有优势.本文系统总结了国内外学者在生物质能源GIS应用方面的研究,着重讨论了GIS在生物质能开发可行性、生物质资源量及分布评估、生物质开发利用布局、生物质燃烧气体排放评估以及生物质能源信息系统等方面的应用,进而提出了GIS在生物质能源方面应用的3个趋势,即丰富数据源、提升数据处理和决策支持能力以及方案在线生成. 相似文献
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江苏省南通市农村生物质能资源潜力估算及地区分布 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
摸清农村生物质能资源潜力对南通市农村能源建设具有重大意义。以南通市为实证区域,利用草谷比、收集系数、折标系数、副产物系数并根据南通市可能源化利用的实际情况,从县域层面较为全面地估算了包括秸秆、农业加工副产品、人畜粪便等可能源化利用的生物质能资源总量。估算结果表明:(1)南通市每年提供的可能源化利用秸秆资源量约为105万t标煤,以稻秸、麦秸和油菜秸为主;农业加工副产品资源量约为20万t标煤,以稻壳、玉米芯、棉籽等为主;人禽粪便资源量为108万t标煤,以猪粪和禽粪为主,约占到资源总量的1/2。(2)南通市拥有较为丰富的生物质能资源,其中可能源化利用的生物质资源总量为年均233万t标煤,并且其资源总量呈增长趋势;预计在短期内其资源总量将增加到240万t标煤。(3)南通市生物质资源的地区分布极不均匀,从生物质能资源总量、单位国土面积生物质能资源量、人均生物质能资源量看,海安县、如东县和如皋市等经济比较薄弱的县市均具有明显优势,其中海安县在南通各县市中凭借其规模渐增的养殖业、种植业产生的生物质资源而遥遥领先;此外如东县的秸秆资源也具有重要地位。(4)南通市生物质资源的季节分布也不均匀,这种季节分布不均主要是由秸秆资源引起的,因为秸秆资源主要集中在秋季和春季,约占到60%—75%;而夏季和冬季则很少。这就给农村能源的持续开发利用带来一定难度。建议:需要针对各县市的生物质能开发利用的实际情况因地制宜合理开发生物质资源,科学布局避免恶性竞争,并及时做好秸秆资源的收集、转运与储存工作以避免资源的浪费和严重的环境污染,从而促进南通农村能源建设的健康发展。 相似文献
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我国农业生物质能资源丰富,分布广泛,近年来,我国的生物质能开发利用取得了一定的成绩,沼气产业发展成熟,已经形成102万吨燃料乙醇的生产能力,开发了甜高粱茎秆等非粮作物生产燃料乙醇的技术储备,生物质发电技术进行了示范,利用技术基本成熟,发展潜力巨大。良好的宏观政策环境逐渐形成,未来我国农业生物质能的发展重点是固体成型燃料、沼气和能源作物。[编者按] 相似文献
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《中国生物工程杂志》2007,27(10):123-124
国家发改委公布《可再生能源中长期发展规划》国家发展和改革委员会近日公布《可再生能源中长期发展规划》。《规划》提出,今后一个时期,中国可再生能源发展的重点是水能、生物质能、风能和太阳能。《规划》明确了生物质能的发展思路和发展目标,强调继续推广户用沼气和畜禽养殖场沼气工程,加快生物质成型燃料的推广应用,到2020年,实现沼气年利用440亿立方米、生物质成型燃料5000万吨。积极发展非粮生物液体燃料,到2020年形成年替代1000万吨石油的能力。我国生物质能开发利用正在进入一个快速发展的新阶段。可以相信,随着国家相关支持政策的… 相似文献
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世界各国在调整本国能源发展战略时,已把高效利用生物质能列为能源利用中的重要课题。在我国.生物质能源的开发利用不仅具有重要的战略意义,而且具有非常广阔的前景。 相似文献
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Although the importance of the endosperm as a food store inmany angiosperm seeds is well known, its significance duringearly embryogenesis has been neglected. In many interspecifichybrids, and in some other situations, embryos do not developfully and abort. It has often been stated that this is causedby the endosperm failing to conduct sufficient nutrients tothe embryo, but seldom has it been suggested that the endospermactively controls most of the early stages of morphogenesisof the embryo. Information gleaned from a broad survey of theliterature, combined with additional evidence presented here,obtained fromSolanum incanumand interspecific hybrids, indicatethat the endosperm is dynamic and very active in regulatingearly embryo development. This requires highly integrated geneticcontrol of rapidly changing metabolism in the endosperm. Ininterspecific hybrids, lack of coordination may cause unbalancedproduction of growth regulating substances by the endospermand hence abortion of the embryo, or even unregulated productionof nucleases and proteases resulting firstly in autolysis ofthe endosperm and then digestion of the embryo. The endospermmay thus serve to detect inappropriate hybridization of speciesor ploidy levels and so prevent waste of resources by producingseeds that would result in sterile hybrids or unthrifty subsequentgenerations. This discriminatory function of the endosperm hasdiminished during evolution and domestication of the crop plantSolanummelongenaL.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company Solanum, embryo morphogenesis, endosperm, hybrid, seed development. 相似文献
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Michele Rivkin-Flsh 《Medical anthropology quarterly》2000,14(1):119-120
Pragmatic Women and Body Politics. Margaret Lock and Patricia A. Kaufert. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xii +364 pp.
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp. 相似文献
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp. 相似文献
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Höpfl G Ogunshola O Gassmann M 《American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology》2004,286(4):R608-R623
For most organisms oxygen is essential fo life. When oxygen levels drop below those required to maintain the minimum physiological oxygen requirement of an organism or tissue it is termed hypoxia. To counter act possible deleterious effects of such a state, an immediate molecular response is initiated causing adaptation responses aimed at cell survival. This response is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha- and a beta-subunit. HIF-1 alpha protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and therefore confers selectivity to this response. Hypoxia is characteristic of tumors, mainly because of impaired blood supply resulting from abnormal growth. Over the past few years enormous progress has been made in the attempt to understand how the activation of the physiological response to hypoxia influences neoplastic growth. In this review some aspects of HIF-1 pathway activation in tumors and the consequences for pathophysiology and treatment of neoplasia are discussed. 相似文献
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Studies of human constitution and mental features are traditionally among the main concepts of anthropological research. In
this research, we attempted to discover connections between morphological and constitutional features and self-esteem in children
and adolescents. Such a connection was discovered in some studied age groups. The obtained results could serve as a basis
for further studies in this field. 相似文献