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目的:建立HPLC法测定海南黄灯笼椒等辣椒的辣椒素含量。方法:采用Diamonsil C18柱(4.6 mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(体积比70∶30),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为230 nm,柱温:30℃,外标法定量。结果:辣椒素的线性关系良好,线性范围2.0μg/mL~20.0μg/mL,r=0.9990;精密度、稳定性实验的RSD均低于2%;平均回收率100.8%(n=9),RSD=1.87%。对海南黄灯笼椒等7个品种辣椒的辣椒素含量进行测定,海南黄灯笼椒的辣椒素含量最高。结论:该方法简便快捷,可用于辣椒中辣椒素含量的测定;海南黄灯笼椒辣椒素含量最高,这些信息可为海南黄灯笼辣椒的研究开发提供参考。 相似文献
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高效液相色谱法测定辣椒素 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
用95%醋酸钠饱和乙醇溶液抽提辣椒树脂油中的辣椒素,经高效液相色谱分离,在紫外长280nm处测定。用此法分析测得福建特产“小米椒”的辣椒素含量为10.38%。 相似文献
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本文研究了不同浓度的茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)和苯丙氨酸(Phe)对‘湘研5号’辣椒果实不同发育时期的辣椒素、二氢辣椒素、维生素c以及干物质含量变化的影响。结果表明:500和1000mg·L-1 MeJA处理60d后的辣椒素含量分别比对照提高了41.7%和58.4%:同时500mg.L-1 MeJA处理能促进辣椒果实中的二氢辣椒素、维生素C的积累,对干物质积累也有一定作用。60mg·L-1 Phe处理能提高辣椒果实中辣椒素、二氢辣椒素和干物质的含量,但对维生素C影响不显著。 相似文献
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辣椒素类物质的化学研究进展 总被引:12,自引:3,他引:12
本文对国内外在辣椒果实中的辣椒素类(Capsaicinoid)物质化学组成及结构、化学合成及分子结构改造、生物合成及降解代谢、提取与分离方法以及辣椒素类物质的结构鉴定、定性定量分析方法等方面的研究进行了综述。 相似文献
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辣椒素的荧光分析方法研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
荧光分光光度法可用于辣椒及高纯度辣椒素样品中辣椒素的定量分析。在Ex为278 nm,Em为312 nm荧光条件下,辣椒素在0.58-5.8μg/mL浓度范围内其浓度C(μg/mL)与荧光强度I具有良好线性关系,回归方程c=1.0377×10-3I-0.3667,R=0.9994,精密度RSD=0.08%(n=5)。平均回收率95.39%。 相似文献
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实验采用NADPH-d组化技术和Fos蛋白免疫组化技术相结合的方法,观察了颈动脉注射辣椒不时,大鼠脑干心血管相关核团内NOS和Fos蛋白的分布以及两者的共存关系。结果显示:(1)颈动脉注射辣椒不可诱发脑干中最后区(AP)、孤束核(NTS)、巨细胞旁外侧核(PGL)和蓝斑(LC)等多个部位Fos样免疫反应(FLI)神经元显著增加 中脑中央灰质(PAG)和中缝核群(RN)的FLI神经元无明显改变。(2)PGL和NTS内NO合成神经元以及PGL内双标神经元数量也明显增加,而AG和RN中NO合成神经元无明显变化,在LC和AP仅偶见或未见NO合成神经元。(3)预先应用辣椒素受体阻断剂钌红或NMDA受体阻断剂MK-801,则明显减弱辣椒素的上述效应,以上结果表明,颈动脉注射辣椒素可兴奋脑干心血管活动相关核团神经元,NO在脑干核团对辣椒素的反应中发挥间接的调制作用,辣椒素的效应由香草酸受体(辣椒素受体)介导并有谷氨酸参与。 相似文献
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Zuzzer A Shamsuddin Mobeen A Khan Butool A Khan Mansoor A Ahmad Aftab Ahmed 《Mycotoxin Research》1995,11(1):21-24
A survey of red chilli (Capsicum indicum) for contamination with aflatoxins was performed on different samples comprising whole, crushed and powdered red chilli collected from various stores located in the city of Karachi, Pakistan. Red chilli required rather rigorous clean-up procedure for removal of adulterants and interference resulting from various types of compounds. A modified Romer method followed by bi-directional thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used for the detection of aflatoxins and confirmatory tests were performed by spraying the TLC plates with 50% sulphuric acid and making the derivative with trifluoroacetic acid. Of all the 176 samples of red chilli examined, 66% were found to be contaminated with aflatoxin B1. Generally, samples of red chilli exammined were found to be fairly low in aflatoxin B1 content, whereas only seven samples were found to contain concentrations greater than 25 μg/kg of aflatoxin B1. 相似文献
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Experiments were conducted in different locations to investigate responses of adult Stegobium paniceum and Lasioderma serricorne (Col., Anobiidae) to different commercially available or prototype fabrications of their female‐produced sex pheromones. The results showed that the number of S. paniceum captured in traps baited with the commercially available lures was significantly higher than those captured in traps baited with the prototype stegobinone lures. The three commercially available brands of serricornin lures investigated were equally effective in capturing L. serricorne. In a related study, we conducted a 9‐week trapping experiment to determine if responses of L. serricorne to serricornin can be enhanced by the presence of host plant odours. Traps were baited with serricornin alone, serricornin plus dried red chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.) or red chilli alone. The results showed that the number of beetles captured in traps baited with a combination of serricornin and chilli volatiles were significantly higher than in traps baited with pheromone or chilli volatiles alone, indicating that potential exist for improved monitoring or mass trapping of L. serricorne by combining pheromone with plant‐derived volatiles present in Capsicum spp. 相似文献
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Environmental manipulation or conservation is one among several approaches evolved for harnessing the potentiality of entomopathogens
in an integrated pest management. Cultural manipulation can permit the pathogen to reproduce more than usual or can preserve
or enhance those already present. Among the key pest of chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thripidae: Thysanoptera) and broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus [Banks] (Tarsonemoidea: Acari) are reported to cause the leaf curl in the leaves of chilli. Fusarium semitectum has infected the thrips and mites. The effectiveness of the mycopathogen, F. semitectum is chiefly influenced by the environmental conditions. Enhancing the microclimate the mycopathogen can be able to develop
and buildup further. Chilli has been grown as sole crop, however companion crops such as sorghum, cotton, red gram, castor
and maize were grown to understand the cropping system effect. Chilli-sorghum, chilli-cotton-chilli and chilli-red gram were
the best cropping systems in terms of total chilli yield. The chilli-cotton-chilli cropping system ranked second with respect
to benefit-cost ratio of 1:1 where as chilli-sorghum cropping system claimed the highest as 1.125:1. Interestingly, sorghum
is not grown as a companion crop with chilli in Karnataka under rain fed conditions, where as chilli-cotton combination is
a practice in many places of the state. 相似文献
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Shaista Akhund Abida Akram Nafeesa Qudsia Hanif Rahmatullah Qureshi Farah Naz Brian Gagosh Nayyar 《Mycotoxin Research》2017,33(2):147-155
Various cultivars of red chilli were collected from a small town named Kunri, located in the province Sindh, Pakistan. This town is a hub of red chilli production in Asia. A total of 69 samples belonging to 6 cultivars were obtained and analysed for the occurrence of aflatoxins and Aspergillus flavus, to explore the potential of resistant and susceptible germplasm. Aflatoxins were detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while A. flavus was isolated and identified using agar plate, blotter paper, deep freezing and dilution techniques. Molecular characterization using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1/4 and A. flavus specific FL1-F/R primers confirmed the identity of A. flavus. The data revealed that 67 and 75% samples contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and with A. flavus, respectively. A highly susceptible chilli cultivar was ‘Nagina’, showing 78.8% frequency of total aflatoxins (1.2–600 μg/kg) and a mean of 87.7 μg/kg for AFB1 and 121.9 μg/kg for total aflatoxins. A. flavus was detected with 93% frequency and 2.14 × 104 colony forming units. In contrast, cultivars ‘Kunri’ and ‘Drooping Type’ were found to be resistant, with low levels of aflatoxins and fungal counts. The study was conducted for the first time to explore two potential cultivars that were less susceptible towards A. flavus and aflatoxin contamination. These cultivars could be preferably cultivated and thereby boost Pakistan’s chilli production. 相似文献
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Yusup Hidayat Rindy Friesca Ferera Ahmad Faiq Ramadhan Wawan Kurniawan Endah Yulia Siska Rasiska 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2019,143(1-2):69-76
Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a major pest of a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. This study aimed to evaluate the potency of combining edible vegetable oil application and artificial fruit provision to reduce the oviposition of B. dorsalis in chilli fruits. Experiments were conducted in laboratory using a 20‐L plastic container provided with chilli fruits and in semi field using a fruit‐bearing chilli plant caged with insect screen. The laboratory test revealed that the combination of coconut oil application and artificial fruit provision significantly reduced fruit fly visits, eggs laid and the number of infested chilli fruits no matter when the chilli fruits were without prepuncture or with prepuncture. Further study using a caged chilli plant also found that this combination had significant effects on fruit fly visits and infestation in chilli fruits. These results provide an indication that coconut oil and artificial fruit can work together to reduce fruit fly attacks on chilli fruits. Combining the use of coconut oil and artificial fruit is likely to create an integrated behavioural manipulation (push and pull) of female B. dorsalis that lead to a much lower fruit fly infestation in chilli fruits. 相似文献
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P.N. Sivalingam D. Singh H.K. Changal Hanif Khan R. Sangwan D.K. Samadia 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(3):301-309
A survey was conducted in major chilli-growing hot arid regions of Rajasthan, namely, Bikaner, Nagur, Jodhpur and Jalore districts, during November 2009. Among the four districts surveyed for chilli leaf curl disease (ChLCD), maximum disease incidence was recorded in Jodhpur (98%) followed by Jalore district (88%). The number of whiteflies was also counted in top, middle and bottom leaf of chilli plants grown in these areas. The average number of whiteflies per plant ranged from 0.0 to 4.0. Higher number of whiteflies (4.0) was recorded in Jodhpur and lowest (1.8) in Jalore district. On the basis of conserved region in the genome of begomoviruses infecting chilli, a set of primers was designed to amplify all begomoviruses infecting chilli by PCR; ChCPF 5'-ATTAGGGCTAAGAATTATGTC-3' and ChCPR 5'-AAATTCCAATCTTTATTAATT-3'. These primers were validated by cloning and sequencing (HM004433) of PCR-amplified products and detection from infected chilli leaf samples. These primers were utilised while screening chilli cultivars against begomovirus infection in the asymptomatic plants. Our investigation suggests that the leaf curl disease of chilli is widespread in the hot arid regions of Rajasthan and is caused by a begomovirus associated with a satellite DNA β. The PCR primers designed in this study could be highly useful in chilli breeding programmes. 相似文献
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Plant virus infections are known to alter host plant attractiveness and suitability for insect herbivores.This study was conducted to determine how cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-infected chilli plants affect the fitness and settling preferences ofnonvector whitefly,Bemisia tabaci adults under dual-choice conditions with volatile organic compounds analyzed using solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results showed that the presence of CIVIV in chilli plants substantially affects the settling preferences of the B.tabaci,which preferred to settle on noninfected plants.Duration of the egg stage and the longevity and fecundity of adult B.tabaci on CMV-infected chilli plants were not markedly different from those on noninfected chilli plants.In contrast,the developmental time from egg to adult was significantly reduced in CMV-infected chilli plants compared to the noninfected plants.The results also showed that CMV-infected chilli plants released significantly more linalool and phenylacetaldehyde than noninfected plants.Overall,it was suggested that the behavioral response of B.tabaci might be modified by CMV-infected plants,which alter the release of specific headspace volatiles.Based on these results,the modification of plant volatile profiles may help in enhancing the effectiveness of biological control and the protection of crop plants against B.tabaci. 相似文献
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T. Anand R. Bhaskaran T. Raguchander R. Samiyappan V. Prakasam C. Gopalakrishnan 《Biologia Plantarum》2009,53(3):553-559
The induction of defence compounds and enzymes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway were studied in the ripe and green
chilli fruits inoculated with Colletotrichum capsici and Alternaria alternata. Total phenols and the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and catalase
(CAT) increased in the inoculated ripe and green chilli fruits compared to the corresponding healthy fruits. Total phenols
and the activities of the enzymes were at the maximum 2–3 d after inoculation and thereafter declined sharply in ripe chilli
fruits, whereas slowly in green chilli fruits. In comparison with ripe chilli fruits, green chilli fruits were more resistant
as they showed higher accumulation of total phenols and also higher activities of enzymes. 相似文献
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Kondeti Subramanyam K. V. Sailaja Koona Subramanyam D. Muralidhara Rao K. Lakshmidevi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,105(2):181-192
Plants, when exposed to abiotic or biotic stress, produce several pathogenesis-related proteins to counteract the effects
of stress. Osmotin is one of the important pathogenesis-related proteins induced during several stress conditions. We have
developed improved salt stress tolerant transgenic chilli pepper plants (Capsicum annum L. var. Aiswarya 2103) by ectopic expression of the Nicotiana tabaccum osmotin gene using Agrobacterium
tumefaciens EHA105 as a vector. Four-week-old chilli pepper leaves were used as an explant and A. tumefaciens EHA105 harboring pBINASCOSM plasmid that contains osmotin gene under the control of CaMV 35S promoter and npt II as a selectable marker was used in co-cultivation. Transgene integration and expression were analyzed using molecular,
immunochemical, and biochemical assays. PCR and Southern blot analysis confirmed that osmotin gene has been successfully integrated
into the genome of chilli pepper plants. The osmotin gene was stably segregated and expressed in T2 generation transgenic chilli pepper plants, and it was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Biochemical assays of these putative
transgenic plants revealed enhanced levels of chlorophyll, proline, glycinebetaine, APX, SOD, DHAR, MDHAR, GR, and relative
water content. Yield potential of the putative transgenic chilli pepper plants was evaluated under salinity stress conditions
in a green house. The putative transgenic chilli pepper plants overexpressing the osmotin gene were morphologically similar
to wild-type plants and produced 3.32 kg chilli pepper fruits per plant at 300 mM NaCl concentration. 相似文献
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Gino Ciafardini Biagi Angelo Zullo Alfredo D’Amico Giuseppe Cioccia Lucia Maiuro 《Annals of microbiology》2006,56(3):231-235
The survival of four strains of yeast belonging to the speciesSaccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida wickerhamii, Candida boidinii andWilliopsis californica was studied in extra virgin olive oil flavoured with garlic, lemon, oregano and red chilli pepper. The ingredients used in the doses of 1%, 5% and 10% profoundly modified the habitat of the extra virgin olive oil, reducing drastically, in 90 days of storage, the survival of the yeasts by 20–50%, in the following decreasing order: lemon, garlic, oregano and red chilli pepper. Among the yeasts studied,W. californica strain 1639 was found to be one of the most sensitive, whileS. cerevisiae strain 1525 was one of the most tolerant regarding the ingredients present in the flavoured olive oil. The observations carried out with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) highlighted the presence of frequent lesions on the cellular wall ofC. wickerhamii 1532,C. boidinii 1638 andS. cerevisiae 1525 and only in a few rare cases inW. californica 1639. Nevertheless, since the survival ofW. californica 1639 in the flavoured olive oil was compromised to a greater extent in respect to the other species, it is plausible to deduct that the damage to the cellular wall represents only one of the causes responsible for the death of the yeasts in the flavoured olive oil. 相似文献