球孢白僵菌转录因子BbMSN2与其结合基序变体的结合特性分析

球孢白僵菌是一种广谱性杀虫真菌,为了探索其转录因子BbMSN2识别启动子核心序列的能力,本研究外源表达并纯化了BbMSN2蛋白,合成了3个含有不同数量核心序列(AGGGG/ CCCCT)的核酸探针和6个核心序列点突变的核酸探针,将BbMSN2蛋白和核酸探针体外结合,通过凝胶迁移实验检测核酸探针及结合蛋白的迁移情况。研究发现,目的蛋白与含有核心序列的核酸探针结合时,核酸探针发生了凝胶迁移现象,其中核心序列数量对凝胶迁移的协同效益不显著。但目的蛋白与核心序列点突变核酸探针结合时,凝胶迁移现象明显减弱。上述结果表明,转录因子BbMSN2可以和含有核心序列核酸探针结合并发生相互作用,且对识别序列具有很强的特异性。本研究为深入探索BbMSN2转录调控机制奠定了试验基础。     

人A4GNT基因5'调控区的结构和功能分析

为探索人α1,4-N-乙酰葡糖胺转移酶(α1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase,A4GNT)基因表达的调控机制,应用5'cDNA末端快速扩增法和引物延伸法确定了A4GNT基因的转录起始位点.在生物信息学分析的基础上,构建了系列5'缺失荧光素酶报告基因载体和定点突变载体.瞬时转染胃癌细胞MKN45和AGS.荧光素酶活性分析表明,A4GNT基因转录的核心启动子在-141bp～+116bp区域,该区域缺乏典型的TATA盒,但含有CCAAT盒、Sp1和ETS-1等转录因子潜在结合位点.突变分析显示,-136bp～-131bp的Sp1结合位点及-93bp～-89bp正向CCAAT序列对A4GNT启动子转录激活至关重要.电泳迁移率变动分析表明,这两个顺式作用元件能够与转录因子Sp1和NF-Y结合.另外,在-1464bp～-771bp区域可能含有与基因的特异性表达相关的调控元件.     

肿瘤细胞中端粒酶催化亚基hTERT基因启动子结合因子的检测

为了研究端粒酶催化亚基ｈＴＥＲＴ基因在癌变细胞中组成型表达的调控机制,采用凝胶阻滞电泳（ＥＭＳＡ）实验方法检测人粒系白血病细胞ＨＬ－６０、人红系白血病细胞Ｋ５６２、人肺癌细胞Ａ５４９、人肝癌细胞ＨｅｐＧ２及正常人肺成纤维细胞２ＢＳ等体外传代的肿瘤和正常二倍体细胞核提取物中与ｈＴＥＲＴ启动子核心序列结合的核因子活性。结果在４种实验肿瘤细胞中均可检测出与ｈＴＥＲＴ基因启动子结合的核因子活性,而正常二倍     

The association of haplotypes in IGFBP-3 gene promoter region and tissue expressions in three pig breeds

Bama Xiang pig (BM) and Tibetan mini-pig (TM) are used as experimental animals in China; however, the dwarf molecular mechanisms of these Chinese local pig breeds are unknown. IGFBP-3 affects animal growth, carcass and meat quality. The aim of this study was to identify the polymorphisms in the promoter of the IGFBP-3 and analyse their effect on the IGFBP-3 mRNA expression level in liver and muscle tissues. High-density single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (31) and InDels (5) were detected in the promoter of the IGFBP-3 in the BM, TM and Junmu No. 1 White (JM, control) pig breeds from 114 individuals by re-sequencing. A perfect Linkage disequilibrium consisted of 13 SNPs was observed in the promoter region and 2 main haplotypes were identified, of which the h1 genotype (GCA-ATGTACATAT) was more prevalent in JM breed than in TM or BM breeds (P?h2 (ATGTGCACG--CGC) was the dominant haplotype in TM and BM breeds (P?IGFBP-3 mRNA expression level in liver and muscle tissues of pigs. The IGFBP-3 mRNA expression level was determined higher in the liver and muscle tissues of pigs with h2 genotype as compared to that in pigs with h1 genotype (P?IGFBP-3 gene may serve as useful molecular markers for the body growth traits and the breeding in swine.     

Streptomyces rimosus M4018 中氧化应激转录抑制因子Rex的克隆表达及与rex 操纵子的体外结合活性

【目的】为了研究龟裂链霉菌Streptomyces rimosus M4018中的rex基因对自身rex operator(ROP)的调控机制。【方法】根据天蓝色链霉菌Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)中rex基因的同源序列设计引物进行PCR,从S.rimosus M4018中获得其rex基因(Sr-rex)。同时,通过染色体步移的方法,获得其上游的ROP序列。采用体外凝胶迁移的方法,分析了Sr-Rex对ROP的调控作用。【结果】获取的Sr-rex基因核苷酸序列长度为846 bp,预测的编码氨基酸序列与S.coelicolor A3(2)中Rex的同源性为84%,获得GenBank登录号:GQ849479。圆二色光谱显示Sr-Rex的结构以α螺旋和β折叠为主,与软件预测相符。凝胶迁移实验表明,Sr-Rex能与S.rimosus M4108中扩增到的ROP片段特异性结合。同时,以Rex:ROP的最小结合序列为基础,设计了一条22 bp的单链DNA片段,和Sr-Rex的最大结合摩尔浓度比约为5:1。高浓度的NADH抑制两者的结合活性,而NAD+对结合没有影响。【结论】在S.rimosus M4108中,Rex是通过响应胞内NAD(H)水平的方式来调控ROP的表达的。     

甲状腺转录因子-1融合表达载体的构建及体外活性鉴定

目的:构建人甲状腺转录因子-1(TTF1)编码基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1/myc-His(-)C-TTF1,并观察其蛋白质体外转录翻译情况。方法:据已知的TTF1基因序列,应用巢式PCR技术,从人肺腺癌细胞株SPC-A1中扩增出TTF1基因,通过TA连接将其克隆入pGEM-T-easy载体,经测序鉴定后,双酶切插入真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/myc-His(-)C中;重组质粒经XhoⅠ和BamHⅠ双酶切鉴定后,进行蛋白质体外翻译观察TTF1体外表达情况,用电泳迁移率变动分析(EMSA)验证获得的体外翻译蛋白TTF1是否具有与下游靶基因UGRP1启动子结合的能力。结果:成功构建了含TTF1编码基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1/myc-His(-)C-TTF1,并能在体外表达TTF1蛋白。结论:能方便地获得TTF1体外翻译蛋白,为进一步研究TTF1蛋白与相应的DNA反应元件及其他转录因子的相互作用奠定了基础。     

CREB,another culprit for TIGAR promoter activity and expression

Cellular expression of the TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) protein results in the down-regulation of glycolysis, reduction of intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species, and protection from apoptosis. However, despite its biological importance, the mechanisms that regulate its expression remain obscure. The bioinformatic analysis performed in this study indicates that the TIGAR promoter region is highly conserved among species. Further analysis using 5′-deletion analysis and site-directed mutagenesis demonstrated that the region at −4/+13 contained a cAMP-response element (CRE). EMSA and chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that the site was recognized by CRE-binding protein (CREB). Furthermore, knockdown of CREB substantially reduced promoter activity and TIGAR expression in cells. In addition, over-expression of either CREB or forskolin enhanced promoter activity and TIGAR expression. These results provide evidence that CREB regulates TIGAR expression via a CRE-binding site at the TIGAR promoter.     

A Single-Amino-Acid Substitution in the C Terminus of PhoP Determines DNA-Binding Specificity of the Virulence-Associated Response Regulator from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis PhoP-PhoR two-component system is essential for virulence in animal models of tuberculosis. Genetic and biochemical studies indicate that PhoP regulates the expression of more than 110 genes in M. tuberculosis. The C-terminal effector domain of PhoP exhibits a winged helix-turn-helix motif with the molecular surfaces around the recognition helix (α8) displaying strong positive electrostatic potential, suggesting its role in DNA binding and nucleotide sequence recognition. Here, the relative importance of interfacial α8-DNA contacts has been tested through rational mutagenesis coupled with in vitro binding-affinity studies. Most PhoP mutants, each with a potential DNA contacting residue replaced with Ala, had significantly reduced DNA binding affinity. However, substitution of nonconserved Glu215 had a major effect on the specificity of recognition. Although lack of specificity does not necessarily correlate with gross change in the overall DNA binding properties of PhoP, structural superposition of the PhoP C-domain on the Escherichia coli PhoB C-domain-DNA complex suggests a base-specific interaction between Glu215 of PhoP and the ninth base of the DR1 repeat motif. Biochemical experiments corroborate these results, showing that DNA recognition specificity can be altered by as little as a single residue change of the protein or a single base change of the DNA. The results have implications for the mechanism of sequence-specific DNA binding by PhoP.     

肺癌细胞中调控ezrin基因基本转录活性的顺式作用元件及转录因子的鉴定

研究发现,质膜-细胞骨架连接蛋白Ezrin在多种肿瘤细胞中异常表达,而且Ezrin的表达上调与肿瘤细胞的移动侵袭相关,但是调控ezrin基因转录的分子机制却不清楚．为了探明ezrin基因的转录调控机制,以肺癌细胞A549为材料,首先采用双荧光素酶报告基因分析系统检测ezrin基因5′侧翼嵌套缺失序列和位点突变序列的转录活性,鉴定肺癌细胞中ezrin基因的基本启动子区以及关键的顺式作用元件Sp1结合位点 (-75/-69) 和AP-1结合位点 (-64/-58)．其次,利用凝胶电泳迁移率变动分析证明,肺癌细胞核蛋白提取物能够与ezrin基因含有关键顺式作用元件的DNA序列结合,形成DNA-核蛋白复合物,而且Sp1结合位点和AP-1结合位点与重组蛋白rhSp1和rhAP-1的结合具有位点特异性．最后,利用瞬时转染实验证实,转录因子Sp1和AP-1 (由c-Jun和c-Fos组成的异源二聚体) 分别通过Sp1结合位点和AP-1结合位点,增强ezrin基因基本转录活性,而且,过表达转录因子Sp1、c-Jun或c-Fos上调了Ezrin蛋白表达．研究确定,肺癌细胞中调控ezrin基因基本转录活性的关键顺式作用元件是Sp1结合位点 (-75/-69) 和AP-1结合位点 (-64/-58),与之作用的转录因子Sp1和AP-1对于ezrin基因的转录激活作用至关重要．     

Genetic variations of the porcine PRKAG3 gene in Chinese indigenous pig breeds

Four missense substitutions (T30N, G52S, V199I and R200Q) in the porcine PRKAG3 gene were considered as the likely candidate loci affecting meat quality. In this study, the R200Q substitution was investigated in a sample of 62 individuals from Hampshire, Chinese Min and Erhualian pigs, and the genetic variations of T30N, G52S and V199I substitutions were detected in 1505 individuals from 21 Chinese indigenous breeds, 5 Western commercial pig breeds, and the wild pig. Allele 200R was fixed in Chinese Min and Erhualian pigs. Haplotypes II-QQ and IV-QQ were not observed in the Hampshire population, supporting the hypothesis that allele 200Q is tightly linked with allele 199V. Significant differences in allele frequencies of the three substitutions (T30N, G52S and V199I) between Chinese indigenous pigs and Western commercial pigs were observed. Obvious high frequencies of the "favorable" alleles 30T and 52G in terms of meat quality were detected in Chinese indigenous pigs, which are well known for high meat quality. However, the frequency of the "favorable" allele 199I, which was reported to have a greater effect on meat quality in comparison with 30T and 52G, was very low in all of the Chinese indigenous pigs except for the Min pig. The reasons accounting for this discrepancy remain to be addressed. The presence of the three substitutions in purebred Chinese Tibetan pigs indicates that the three substitutions were ancestral mutations. A novel A/G substitution at position 51 in exon 1 was identified. The results suggest that further studies are required to investigate the associations of these substitutions in the PRKAG3 gene with meat quality of Chinese indigenous pigs, and to uncover other polymorphisms in the PRKAG3 gene with potential effects on meat quality in Chinese indigenous pigs.