两种小达氏涡虫的阴茎发育与分类性状关系

小达氏涡虫属个体的骨质阴茎足物种鉴定的重要依据.本实验观察了中国小达氏涡虫(Microdalyellia sinensis)与湖南小达氏涡虫(M.hunanensis)阴茎的形态形成及发育.结果表明:(1)阴茎末端各分支的形态形成是一次性成型,终身不变;(2)两种涡虫在发育的第12 d都完成阴茎的骨质化;(3)阴茎的基柄形态随个体发育而增长.研究证实,小达氏涡虫属阴茎末端分支结构是稳定的分类性状,可以作为重要的分类依据.     

小达氏涡虫属(扁形动物门,单肠目,达氏科)亚洲一新纪录种

本文报道了采自江西省九江市武宁县花棚村池塘的中国淡水扁彤动物单肠目达氏科小达氏涡虫属1新纪录种,即褐小达氏涡虫Microdalyellia fusca Fuhrmann,1894;详细描述了涡虫的形态特征,介绍了整装片标本的制作方法;同时比较了中国标本与产自德国的模式标本间的异同,其关键分类性状骨质阴茎的大体形态一致,但阴茎长度及其未端各分支的大小存在明显差异,推测是地理分布产生的品系间差别.所有标本保存在深圳大学生命科学学院.     

中国涡虫一新纪录科肠口涡虫属一新纪录种格氏肠口涡虫(原卵黄目, 柱口科)

原卵黄目(Prolecithophora)柱口科(Cylindrostomidae)肠口涡虫属(Enterostomula)为海栖涡虫,全球记录3种,在中国未见报道。作者在广东省深圳市深圳湾海边(22°31'N,113°56'E)采集到一种海栖涡虫。本文对该种涡虫进行了较为详细的比较研究,鉴定为柱口科肠口涡虫属格氏肠口涡虫(E.graffi de Beauchamp,1913),为中国新纪录科新纪录属一新纪录种。该种涡虫多数个体背部具2条黑色横纹,部分个体背部花纹有明显变化。眼点2对。雌雄同体,精巢、卵巢各1个。受精囊位于卵巢与子宫之间;子宫位于体末端,后接一微小的外阴道。本文发现:①该涡虫的尾部腹面具有一个交配囊及一根雌性生殖管,交配囊是一个由肌肉层组成的袋状囊,同时与子宫、雌性生殖管相连;②雌性生殖管外围有明显的生殖腺包裹;③雌性生殖管孔、阴茎孔与口孔一起通往体外;④此种涡虫喜分泌黏液将微小杂质粘结呈半球状窝,虫体隐藏于窝内。     

达氏科(扁形动物门,单肠目)涡虫二新种

本文记述淡水涡虫类单肠目Rhabdocoela达氏科Dalyelliidae小达氏涡虫属Microdalyellia一新种,广东小达氏涡虫Microdelyellia guangdongensis Wang et Rong,sp.nov.,模式标本由卢彦宏于2013年6月9日采自广东省深圳市石岩水库(22°40'58″N,113°53'42″E);杰氏涡虫属Gieysztoria一新种,七星岩杰氏涡虫Gieysztoria qixingyanensis Wang et Rong,sp.nov.,模式标本由刘旭坤于2014年8月6日采自广东省肇庆市七星岩风景区(23°04'32″N,112°28'46″E)。对2个涡虫新种的形态特征作了详细描述,并分别与小达氏涡虫属和杰氏涡虫属近似物种进行了比较。所有标本保存于中国科学院国家动物博物馆。     

斯库台涡虫属一新种(单肠目,斯库台科)及其分子系统学分析

本研究报道单肠目Rhabdocoela斯库台科Scutariellidae斯库台涡虫属Scutariella新种:中国斯库台涡虫,新种Scutariella sinensis sp.nov.,对其进行了形态学、分子系统学等研究。新种的主要鉴别特征:(1)二支卵黄腺在背部两侧沿肠管分布,在近肠后部愈合,整体呈"U"型;(2)生殖孔位于肠前端腹侧;(3)咽腺丰富,位于咽肠交界处的两侧;(4)精巢、卵巢位于肠道前1/3腹侧。新种的18S rDNA和28S rDNA分子系统发生研究首次提供了切头类斯库台科的分子数据,确定切头亚目Temnocephalida的分类地位及该亚目与吸虫类的进化关系。     

中国涡虫新纪录科微口涡虫属一新种(大口虫目,微口虫科)及其分子系统学分析

本文报道中国涡虫新纪录科,中国微口涡虫,新种Microstomum sinensis n.sp.。标本采自中国广东省深圳市南山区蛇口码头海边。该新种具有横裂殖和有性生殖个体。所有个体均具雄性生殖器官,其交配刺骨质,整体呈钩状,全长60~75μm,基部呈漏斗状,从基部到末端刺管直径逐渐缩小。交配刺后1/3弯曲位于基部所在平面之外,弯曲程度接近半圆,末端开口呈尖叶状。另对其16S r DNA和28S r DNA进行了分子系统学分析,确定了其分类地位。     

杰氏涡虫属一新种(扁形动物门,单肠目,达氏科)

报道单肠目达氏科杰氏涡虫属1新种,武夷山杰氏涡虫Gieysztoria wuyishanensis Wang et Lai,sp.nov.,隶属于杰氏涡虫属异刺群钩刺亚群,该亚群涡虫在中国属首次报道.标本由张宇于2005年5月6日采自福建省南平市武夷山九曲溪(27°45′N,118°1′E)的溪边水草间,水温18℃,pH7.8.详细描述了新种形态特征,所有标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所.     

澳洲异尾涡虫（无肠目，盘旋科）新纪录及描述

本文对分布于广东省深圳市深圳湾体育中心海边(22°30'58″N,113°56'1″E)的一种褐绿色涡虫的形态、发育、行为等做了详细观测,并对其进行了分类学与动物地理方面的讨论。结果表明,此涡虫表皮内具共生的虫黄藻(Zooxanthella microadriatica),另具菌丝状分布的棕色颗粒。头部钝圆,具1对米粒状棕色眼点和1个平衡囊。尾后两侧具2条并列的尾垂,其形状和大小与涡虫尾部的舒展状态相关。雌雄同体,生殖孔2个,位于口后,雌孔在前,雄孔在后。卵巢、精巢成双,分别位于腹侧与背侧。受精囊呈哑铃型,囊内具2~12根囊管。阴道呈倒"T"形,其表皮由柱状细胞构成。精巢内精子集聚成束,向体后两侧延伸成假储精囊,汇入储精囊。储精囊环抱阴茎球。涡虫利用纤毛的摆动在水底滑动,或利用两侧身体的摆动呈蝶状游泳。喜捕食微型涡虫与轮虫,人工饲养可摄食水蚤或水溞。经比较,鉴定为无肠目盘旋科(Convolutidae)异尾属(Heterochaerus)澳洲异尾涡虫(H.australis Haswell,1905),属中国涡虫1新纪录目1新纪录种。     

达氏科中国一新纪录属一新种(扁形动物门,单肠目,达氏亚目)

报道了单肠目达氏亚目达氏科涡虫中国1新纪录属,杰氏涡虫属及1新种:深圳杰氏涡虫Gieysztoria shenzhensis sp.nov..对其形态特征作了详细描述,并与近似种进行了比较.     

小达氏涡虫属一新种(扁形动物门,单肠目,达氏科)

报道中国小达氏涡虫属1新种:湖南小达氏涡虫Microdalyellia humanensis nov.sp.,模式标本采集于湖南新宁县莨山镇黄背村(26°44′N,110°84′E),对新种涡虫的形态特征作了详细描述,所有标本保存在深圳大学生命科学学院.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.